Yakha umngcele we-EVPN kuzungeze inqubomgomo yokuthumela ngaphandle, hhayi ukuxhumeka

Umbono ovamile ukuthi imodeli yokuxhumeka ye-Layer 2 emngceleni inquma konke okuphezu kwayo, ngakho umklamo uqala ngababili be-vPC bese ukhuphuka. Ngokuvamile kuphetha ngezinqumo zokuhambisa ezenziwe ngengozi. Umngcele we-EVPN ngokokuqala umngcele wokuhambisa: umongo wokuhambisa womqashi uhlangana nesizinda sokuhambisa sangaphandle, futhi okweqa lolo mugqa isitatimende senqubomgomo. Khetha imizila, ubudlelwano be-ASN nemikhondo yokwehluleka ngaphambi kokuthi noma ubani aphikisane nge-port-channels. Imodeli yokuxhumeka bese ilandela isidingo esithile esikhundleni sokuqondisa isidingo.

Qala ngalokho okweqa umngcele

Bhala imizila okufanele ibonakale ohlangothini ngalunye, indlela ehamba ngayo nokuthi ubani ugunyaza ushintsho kulolo hlu. Umngcele owamukela konke futhi umemezela konke awunayo inqubomgomo, unentambo nje.

Bese usho ukwehluleka okuhloswe ukukusebenzisa: i-uplink eyodwa phansi, i-border leaf eyodwa phansi, noma yonke indawo yangaphandle engafinyeleleki. Impendulo ngayinye ishintsha ukuthi udinga omakhelwane ababili abazimele, ukuxhumeka kwe-Layer 2 okwabiwe, noma kokubili.

Kuphela ngemva kokuba lezo zinhlu ezimbili zikhona umbuzo wokuxhumeka uba nokuphenduleka. Ngaphambi kwalokho wonke umshini ubonakala uvumelekile ngokulinganayo. Ngemva kwalokho iningi lawo liyazikhipha. Yingakho konke ukukhuluma ukuqala ngomsebenzi wokuhambisa.

Qinisa umngcele we-ASN ne-peering

I-fabric ene-AS yangasese ivamise ukwenza i-peering nesizinda somngcele womphakathi nge-eBGP, futhi ingxenye ethakazelisayo inqubomgomo yezinhlangothi zombili. Nquma ukuthi yimaphi amaphrefikhi amukelwayo, yimaphi amemezelwayo, nokuthi i-upstream kufanele ithole i-AS path enjani.

I-RFC 6996 igcina ububanzi be-ASN bokusetshenziswa kwangasese, futhi lawo ma-ASN akufanele avele emikhosini yomhlaba. Sebenzisa inqubomgomo yokususa noma yokuhlunga esekelwa yipulatifomu bese uqinisekisa umkhosi ophumayo esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi idivayisi yenze lokho. Leso sinyathelo futhi asikunikezi igunya lokumemezela iphrofikhi yomphakathi engahleliwe, lokho kuyingxoxo ehlukile nomnikazi wekheli.

I-confederation noma isici se-local-AS ukukhetha komklamo kotopology ethile. Akukho nakukodwa okuphoqelekile nje ngoba i-fabric ne-upstream zisebenzisa izindima ze-ASN ezihlukile, futhi ukwamukela okukodwa ngaphandle kwesidingo kwengeza izingxenye ezinyakazayo kukho konke ukushintsha kwesikhathi esizayo.

Ama-uplink e-Layer 3 awadingi i-multichassis LAG

Izixhumi ezizimele ezihambiswayo ezinomakhelwane bazo be-BGP zinikeza imikhondo emibili ecacile nezindawo ezimbili zokwehluleka ezicacile. I-vPC noma enye i-multichassis LAG isebenzela isidingo sokuxhumeka kwe-Layer 2, futhi iyithuluzi elifanele lapho leso sidingo sikhona.

Umthetho ojwayelekile wokuthi yonke imibhangqwana yomngcele kumele isebenzise i-vPC, noma kumele iyigweme, ufihla izimo ezinquma ngempela icala. Buza ukuthi ukuxhumeka kufanele kuthwele ini, bese ukhetha indlela ekuphatha ngemikhuba yokwehluleka eyabiwe emincane kakhulu.

Inqubomgomo yokuhambisa oyibhale kuqala ayishintshi lapho indlela yokuxhumeka ishintsha, okuyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi ukulandelana kwakulungile.

Thumela ngaphandle kuphela lokho okudingwa umqashi

Umqashi angase adinge umzila ozenzakalelayo, isethi yamaphrofikhi angaphandle akhethiwe, noma ithebula elikhulu kakhulu. Khetha lobo bubanzi ngokuya ngamandla angempela okudlulisa kanye nebhodi lokulawula, hhayi ngokuya ngenani elidala lemizila ye-inthanethi okungekho owayiphinde wayikala.

Umzila we-EVPN IP Prefix, ovame ukubizwa nge-Type 5 futhi ochazwe ku- RFC 9136uthwala ulwazi lwephrofikhi ku-overlay. Ukusetshenziswa kusadinga inqubomgomo yokuthumela ngaphandle nokungenisa ehambisanayo kanye nokuxazululwa kwe-next-hop, ngakho ukuthola umzila we-BGP wangaphandle emngceleni akusho ukuthi yonke i-VRF yomqashi iwungenisa.

Akusiyo yonke i-leaf edinga ithebula eliphelele nje ngoba umngcele uyibambile. Sabalalisa lokho okudingwa ukugcwala komqashi, bese umngcele ubamba okunye.

Qinisekisa iphrofikhi eyodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni

Khetha iphrofikhi yangaphandle emele futhi uyilandele nge-VRF ehlosiwe yomngcele, inqubomgomo yokuthumela ngaphandle, umongo wokudlulisa we-leaf eyamukelayo kanye nomzila wokubuyela emthonjeni womqashi. Iphrofikhi evela endaweni eyodwa ingevele kwelandelayo ibonisa iphutha ngokushesha.

Qinisekisa ukuthi i-next hop ixazululwa kanjani nge-overlay, ngoba umzila okhona nge-next hop engaxazululiwe awudlulisi lutho. Bese uphinda ukuhlola ngemva koshintsho lwe-uplink, ngoba yilapho inqubomgomo nokuxazululwa kwe-next-hop kuvame ukwehluka kakhulu.

Ukulandelana komsebenzi: bhala imizila eweqayo, vumelana ngenqubomgomo ye-ASN, khetha ukuxhumeka ngomsebenzi wako wangempela, khawulela ukuthumela ngaphandle ngomqashi ngamunye, bese uqinisekisa iphrofikhi eyodwa nomzila wayo wokubuyela.