Kungani umzila we-VPN ubanzi uphula amasayithi ambalwa omphakathi
Amasayithi ambalwa ayahluleka kuyilapho amanye elayisha ngenxa yokuthi isiqalo esibanzi sibamba amakheli awo. Qhathanisa umzila nekheli elixazululiwe, bese uthola ukuthi ubani owufakayo.
Iningi lamakhasi liyalayisha, amabili noma amathathu ayaphelelwa isikhathi, futhi isiphequluli sisola ukuxhumana. Amasayithi ahlulekayo anento efanayo abangenayo lawo asebenzayo: amakheli awo axazululiwe awela ngaphakathi kwesiqalo esifakwe yi-VPN. Umzila obanzi ngokwanele ukumboza ibanga lomphakathi uzobamba ithrafikhi okwakungafanele ukuthi umhubhe uyithwale, futhi uphawu lubukeka njengenkinga yesayithi kunokuba kube isinqumo somzila.
Xazulula igama elihlulekayo, bese ubheka ithebula lomzila esikhundleni sesiphequluli.
Qhathanisa ikheli, hhayi igama lesayithi
Thola ikheli umklami awuzame ngempela, bese uhlola ukuthi yimuphi umzila ohambisana nalo. Indawo engaphakathi kwe-45.61.20.10 iwela ngaphansi kwe-45.0.0.0/8 uma leso siqalo sikhona, ngisho noma isayithi ngokwaso lingenalo ukuxhumana nomhubhe. Ukuqhathanisa ikheli elihlulekayo neziqalo ezifakiwe kuwumsebenzi wokukhipha, hhayi ukuqagela.
I-Windows ingaphendula izingxenye zombili ngokuqondile, futhi ukusesha kubonisa ukuthi yimuphi uxhoxho nokuthi yiluphi ugxuma olulandelayo olunqobile ekukhetheni. Xazulula igama kabili uma isayithi sibuyisela amakheli amaningi. Bhala ngalinye kanye nomzila ohambisanayo. Amakheli ahlukene angaba nezimpendulo ezihlukene, futhi yilinye kuphela lawo okungenzeka ukuthi yicala elihlulekayo.
Resolve-DnsName www.example.org Get-NetRoute -AddressFamily IPv4 | Select-Object DestinationPrefix,InterfaceIndex,NextHop,RouteMetric Find-NetRoute -RemoteIPAddress 45.61.20.10 Get-VpnConnection | Format-List Name,SplitTunneling,Routes
Funda isiqalo esihambisana ngokukhethekile kakhulu, hhayi umugqa wokuqala obukeka ujwayelekile. Umzila okhona kuthebula awufakazeli ukuthi unqobile ukusesha; ukufana okude kakhulu kuyakwenza lokho. Iziqalo ezimbili zingahambisana nekheli elilodwa, futhi esisodwa kuphela sazo esithola iphakethe. Owehluliwe uhlala kusethebula futhi ubukeka uyikho ngendlela efanayo ohlwini.
Bhala isiqalo, uxhoxho lwaso nekheli elixazululiwe. Lawo manani amathathu ukuxilongwa konke.
Thola ukuthi ubani owufake umzila
Imizila ivela ezindaweni ezine: iphrofayela yemvelo ye-VPN, inqubomgomo yokuphatha, iskripthi sokuxhumana noma iklayenti elihluke ngokuphelele. Ukususa ingeno esebenzayo kungaqinisekisa ukubaluleka kwayo, kepha ukuxhumana okulandelayo kuyakha kabusha kusukela ekucushweni okugciniwe, ngakho umthombo yiwona ofanele ushintshwe.
Hlola uhlu lwemizila yephrofayela kuqala, bese inqubomgomo yokuphatha, bese noma yisiphi iskripthi esisebenza ngesikhathi sokuxhumana. Leyo ukulandelana ihambisana nokuthi ngayinye ivela kangaki inesibopho. Iphinde igcine ushintsho kungqimba eyodwa esikhundleni sezintathu.
Funda ngokucophelela ukuziphatha kwemvelo okusekelwe kusigaba
Amaphrofayela emvelo e-Windows anokuhlela okubhaliwe, NativeProfile/DisableClassBasedDefaultRoute, okulawula umzila ozenzakalelayo osuselwa ekhelini loxhoxho. Ikheli lephrofayela eliqala ngo-45 lingakhiqiza ingeno engu-45.0.0.0/8 ngaphansi kwalokho kuziphatha, futhi yileyo ndlela ikheli elilodwa lomphakathi elibamba lonke ibanga lesigaba A.
Igama lesakhiwo limema ukufundwa okungalungile: ukulibeka ku-true kucisha ukususa, kanti u-false kuyawuvula. Futhi akusiyo into efanayo nomzila ozenzakalelayo, futhi awulawuli amaklayenti ezinhlangano zesithathu afaka iziqalo zawo.
Uma ukususa kuyimbangela eqinisekisiwe, lungisa iphrofayela ngomnini wayo wokuphatha futhi unikeze ngokucacile iziqalo zangasese ezihlosiwe. Uma iskripthi sengeze ingeno, lungisa iskripthi. Ukushintsha umzila owodwa obanzi ongachazwanga nomunye kushintsha uphawu ngaphandle kokuphendula umbuzo.
Lungisa umthombo, bese uhlola futhi zombili izindlela
Ngemva koshintsho, xhuma futhi uphinde useshe isayithi lomphakathi elihlulekayo kanye nensiza okufanele isebenzise umhubhe. Eyokuqala manje kufanele ixazuluke kuxhoxho lomzimba, futhi eyesibili kufanele isakhetha i-VPN. Ungami empumelelweni yokuqala; ukulungisa okubhidliza nokufinyelela kwangasese kushintshile isiphambeko esisodwa ngesinye.
Buyekeza ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlelo lwamakheli lweseva. Ichibi elihlangana nendawo yomphakathi lidala lolu hlobo lwenkinga kaninginingi. Ibanga umqhubi alikhethe ngamabomu lifanelwe enye ingxoxo, hhayi ukubhalwa kabusha kwenombolo okuzenzakalelayo.
Ukuphakamisa i-MTU noma ukusula i-DNS ngeke kulungise isiqalo esisaqondisa lelo kheli emhubheni. Hlola ukukhetha kuqala, bese umzila.