Ubani Ongabona I-Trafikhi Yakho ye-VPN? Ababheki Abane
Inethiwekhi yendawo, umhlinzeki we-VPN, umqashi kanye nendawo okudingeka kuyiwe kuyo babona ingxenye ehlukile. Qhathanisa ngaphambi kokuthemba umhubhe ngobumfihlo.
Umhubhe ushintsha lapho itrafikhi yakho iba khona into ebhekwayo. Awukwenzi kube into engabhekwa, futhi uhlangothi oluthola ukubonakala yilona owahambisa ngalo itrafikhi. Ukuthi lolo shintsho lubalulekile yini kuncike ekutheni yisiphi isigaba ongasithembi, ngakho ukuqhathanisa okuwusizo kunguphakathi kwababheki hhayi phakathi kwemikhiqizo.
Izinhlangothi ezine zihlala kuxhumano olulodwa
Landela isicelo esisuka ku-laptop siya ngaphandle futhi kuvele izindawo ezine: inethiwekhi yokufinyelela ojoyine kuyo, ukuphuma kwe-VPN, indawo yebhizinisi uma idivayisi ilawulwa, kanye nendawo okudingeka kuyiwe kuyo ngokwayo. Ngayinye ithatha indawo ehlukile emzileni, ngakho ngayinye iqoqa uhlobo oluhlukile lobufakazi. Ithebula liwukho konke ukuxoxa ngakubuka okukodwa.
| Observer | Sees | Does not see |
|---|---|---|
| Local network and ISP | That a tunnel exists, its endpoint, volume and timing | Destinations carried inside the tunnel |
| VPN operator | Source address, destinations, unencrypted content | Content protected end to end by TLS |
| Managed employer | Device telemetry, DNS and proxy logs, policy decisions | Nothing about the device is hidden from its owner |
| Destination | Exit address, account, cookies, client fingerprint | Who is behind the exit address |
Funda ithebula kusukela engozini kuye ngaphandle. Uma i-Wi-Fi yekhefi iyinkinga, umugqa wokuqala yiwona oshintshayo; uma umhlinzeki eyinkinga, usu- shintshe umhlinzeki oyedwa wafaka omunye futhi umugqa wesibili manje ubaluleka kakhulu. Imigqa ayiqhudelani; ngayinye ichaza indawo ehlukile emzileni ofanayo.
Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela isawubona umhubhe
Umhlinzeki wakho noma inethiwekhi yehhotela ibona uxhumano oluya ekhelini le-IP, amabhayithi adlulisiwe kanye nezikhathi okuhamba ngazo. Ayiboni izingosi ezingaphakathi kumhubhe, inqobo nje uma ukuxazululwa kwamagama nakho kuhamba ngaphakathi kuwo futhi indawo okudingeka kuyiwe kuyo ifinyelelwa ngokuphuma hhayi ngokuqondile.
Ukuvuza okubili kuphila isikhathi eside kunalokho abantu abakulindele. Imibuzo ye-DNS ethunyelwa kusixazululi sendawo isabiza izingosi, futhi igama lesiphakeli ekuxhawulakeni kwe-TLS okujwayelekile liyafundeka emzileni ngaphandle uma kusetshenziswa ukubingelela kwekhasimende okubethelwe. Akukho kokubili okulungiswa ngokufaka ikhasimende; kokubili kuyimibuzo yokulungiselelwa.
Umhlinzeki we-VPN, kanye nomqashi ongemuva kwakhe
Umhlinzeki wezentengiselwano umi khona kanye lapho umhlinzeki wakho ayemi khona: udlulisa amaphakethe akho futhi angafunda noma yini engabethelwe ngokwehlukile. Iphasiwedi ethayiphiwe efomini elijwayelekile le-HTTP iyafundeka lapho kuphuma ngisho noma isigaba sokuqala sasibethelwe. Umhubhe wasusa ukuthembana, awuzange ususe ukuchayeka. Funda inqubomgomo yokuloga yomhlinzeki ngaphambi kokucabanga ukuthi ushintsho luthuthukise okuthile.
Ku-laptop yomsebenzi elawulwayo inhlangano ingumnikazi wendawo yokugcina, ngakho ukuphathwa kwedivayisi, ukuloga kwe-DNS kanye namarekhodi e-proxy kuyibheka noma ngabe umhubhe uxhumekile noma cha. I-VPN yomuntu siqu ayiyenzi idivayisi elawulwayo ibe yeyimfihlo, futhi emininingwaneni eminingi lokhu kuwukwephula umgomo hhayi isinyathelo sobumfihlo.
Itrafikhi evela kwamanye amadivayisi ekhaya lakho ayibonakali kulo mqashi ngaphandle uma i-laptop yomsebenzi isebenza ngamabomu njengesango labo. Umehluko lowo ubalulekile lapho umndeni wabelana ngoxhumano olulodwa futhi ucabanga okubi kakhulu.
Indawo okudingeka kuyiwe kuyo, kanye nomakhelwane endaweni yokuphuma
Isizindalwazi osivakashelayo sibona ikheli lokuphuma, i-akhawunti ophume ngayo, amakhukhi kanye nezici zesiphequluli. Umhubhe ushintsha into yokuqala kuphela, futhi ukungena kuxhumanisa ikheli lokuphuma nawe noma kanjani.
Izinsizakalo ezabiwe zineza ingozi ecijile kakhulu. Uma umhlinzeki engazihlukanisi amakhasimende omunye komunye, umshini olalela embobeni ungafinyeleleka ngamanye amakhasimende endaweni efanayo yokuphuma. Ukuvimba itrafikhi engenayo ngokuzenzakalelayo kufirewall yomsingathi kuhlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yaleyo ngozi. Ukukuhlola kusho ukuxhuma idivayisi yesibili kuleyo nsizakalo nokuzama ukufinyelela umbobo olalelayo.
Ezinye izinto azishintshi neze: izihlonzi ze-akhawunti, ukulandelelwa ezingeni lohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nolwazi lwalo ucingo lokuthi ludlulisa itrafikhi uma wabelana ngoxhumano. Umhubhe uyisinqumo somzila, hhayi ukushintsha kobuwena.
Khetha umbheki osuke kuye ngaphambi kokukhetha umkhiqizo. Uma kuyinethiwekhi yendawo, cishe noma yikuphi ukuphuma okulungiselelwe kahle kuyasiza. Uma kuwukuloga komhlinzeki ngokwakhe, isivumelwano siyingxenye yesinqumo. Uma kungumqashi wakho, awukho umhubhe womuntu siqu ozoqeda lo msebenzi.