Iprofayela le-VPN elinikeziwe lingashintsha ini kudivayisi yakho

Ukunikeza iklayenti lakho iprofayela le-VPN kuwukunikeza ukucushwa okubhalwe omunye umuntu, okuthi lolohlelo lukusebenzise kumshini wakho. Ukulingenisa kungashintsha lapho ithrafikhi ehlanganisiwe iya khona, okuyiqembu idivayisi yakho ethemba lona, futhi kwezinye izinhlobo ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zasendaweni eziqalayo lapho umhubhe unyuka. Ifayela akuyona incwajana yokubekisa; iwuhlelo oluncane olusesimweni sokubika.

Lifunde njengoba ubungafunda umbhalo wesh shell ovela emthonjeni ofanayo.

Iklayenti iyona elihumushayo, hhayi wena

Yonke inkambu efayeleni iwumyalo kuklayenti ethile. Indawo yokugcina kanye nomthetho kunciphisa lapho umhubhe uya khona, ibhlokhi yokuqinisekisa inciphisa ukuthi iyiphi imfihlo efunwayo, futhi imiyalo yomzila inciphisa ukuthi yini engena kuwo. Izitifiketi noma ukhiye oyimfihlo kungenzeka kufakwe njengamabhlokhi esikhundleni sokukhonjwa njengamafayela, yingakho ifayela elilodwa lombhalo ngezinye izikhathi lithwala konke okudingekayo ukuze umuntu azenze ube nguwe phambi kwesango. Leso simo yisona esenza ukwabelana ngamafayela ngokungakhathali kube yingozi kangaka.

Amaprofayela e-OpenVPN angase futhi athwale izingwegwe zombhalo, izindlela zokuxhumana nezingezo kanye nezinga lokuphepha elinciphisa ukuthi lezo zingwegwe zingasebenza yini. Leyo nhlanganisela yiyona eyenza iprofayela engaziwa ifanele ukufundwa umugqa ngomugqa esikhundleni sokuchofoza kabili. Iklayenti izokwenza ngqo lokho okushiwo yifayela, futhi izokwenza ngamalungelo akho.

Izinguquko zomzila zibonakala ngemva kokuxhumana kanye

Iprofayela lomhubhe ogcwele lifaka imizila ethumela konke ngesango, kuyilapho iprofayela lomhubhe oluhlukanisiwe lithumela kuphela iziqalo ezikhethiwe. Amanye amaprofayela futhi aphusha iseva ye-DNS, okushintsha ngokuthula ukuthi ubani obona imibuzo yakho. Akukho kulokhu okuyingozi ngokwako, futhi akukho kulokhu okucace egameni lefayela.

Qhathanisa ithebula lomzila ngaphambi nangemva kokuxhumana kokuqala futhi uzobona inhloso ngokubheka kanye. Iprofayela elikhangiswa njengokufinyelela kuhlelo lwangaphakathi olulodwa kodwa elifaka umzila ojwayelekile obanzi likutshela okuthile ngombhali walo.

Isisindo sangempela sithwalwa izinto zokwethemba nezingwegwe

Iprofayela linganikeza iklayenti le-VPN imininingwane yokwethemba, futhi iphakethe lokucushwa kwepulatifomu lingaqhubekela phambili futhi lifake isitifiketi noma impande esitolo sesistimu. Lezi zindawo ezihlukene nemiphumela ehlukene. Icala endaweni yeklayenti lithinta ukuqinisekiswa kohlelo olulodwa; icemba ezingeni lesistimu lithinta konke okusebenzisa isitolo sokwethemba sepulatifomu.

Izingwegwe zombhalo nezingezo zingesinye isigamu. Umyalo osebenzisa umyalo lapho kuxhunyanwa, noma ingezo elayishwe enqubeni yeklayenti, inamalungelo akho futhi akukho lutho ekwehlukanisweni kweklayenti. Uma iprofayela ongalicelanga linakho okunjalo, lowo umbuzo kubantu abalithumile.

Awekho kulezi zigaba ezimbili ayingozi ngokuzenzakalela. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinkampani kusebenzisa kokubili. Iphuzu ukuthi ngakunye kudinga incazelo ongayiqinisekisa.

Qinisekisa umsuka, bese ufaka imfihlo

Thola ukuthi ubani okhiphe ifayela ngesiteshi osuke ulithemba kakade, hhayi ngomlayezo olishukumiselayo. Qhathanisa imininingwane yendawo yokugcina nesitifiketi nombhalo oshicilelwe umqhubi. Uma iprofayela lifike lingacelwanga, thola elisha ngqo kumqhubi esikhundleni sokulungisa ikhophi oyinikiwe. Buza ukuthi ikuphi ukubuyekezwa kweklayenti okusekelwayo umqhubi, ngoba ifayela elifanayo lingahunyushwa ngendlela ehlukile iklayenti elinye.

grep -nE '^(remote|proto|auth-user-pass|redirect-gateway|route|route-nopull)' office.ovpn
grep -nE '^(up|down|plugin|script-security|setenv)' office.ovpn
openssl x509 -in embedded-ca.crt -noout -subject -issuer -dates

Ungalokothi ufake iphasiwedi enkambini engachazwanga ukuze ubone ukuthi iyasebenza, futhi ungalokothi wamukele isicelo samalungelo ongasijwayele nje ukuze uqede ukungenisa. Ukuxhumana okuphumelelayo kufakazela ukuthi indawo yokugcina iphendulile, hhayi okunye.

Susa ikhophi elingenisiwe, hhayi ukulanda

Amaklayenti akhophisha iprofayela esitolo sawo, ngakho ukususa ifayela elilandiwe kushiya ukuxhumana okungenisiwe kusasebenza. Kususe ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sekhayenti ngokwaso, futhi uhlole ukuthi naso isitifiketi esengezwe ngesikhathi sokungenisa sisusiwe. Bese uqinisekisa ukuthi nomzila eliwufakile ususiwe.

Uma isitifiketi safakwa ezingeni lesistimu, ukususa iprofayela akwanele. Lokho kuhlanza kungokwabaphathi bokwethemba bepulatifomu, futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngamabomu esikhundleni sokuthemba ukuthi ukuqalisa kabusha okulandelayo kuzokushintsha.