Ingabe i-VPN isebenzisa idatha eningi? Isihloko esengeziwe, i-keepalive namakhawunta

Umbuzo uza nesixwayiso sedatha ngemuva kwenyanga yokuhamba: ingabe i-VPN idla isabelo? I-tunnel yengeza ngempela amabhayithi, ngoba iphakethe ngalinye lithola isihloko esisha sangaphandle futhi uxhumano luthwala ithrafikhi yalo yokulawula. Engakwenzi ukwenza ifayela olilande lube kabili noma ukumisa umhlinzeki ekubaleni. Impendulo eqotho inezingxenye ezimbili: enye ngesihloko esengeziwe, enye ngendlela izinombolo ezidalwa ngayo.

Insumansumane: i-VPN iphindaphinda ukusetshenziswa kwakho

Inkolelo iwukuthi ukushaya i-tunnel kucishe kuphindaphinde ithrafikhi, ngakho isabelo siphela ngokushesha okuphindwe kabili. Lokho kudinga isihloko esengeziwe esiseduze nosayizi womthwalo, okwenzeka kuphela ngamaphakethe amancane kakhulu namaphrothokholi akhuluma kakhulu. Ekuphequluleni nasekudlaleni okujwayelekile, amabhayithi engeziwe ayingxenye encane yekukonke, futhi i-tunnel ayivamisile ukuba yisizathu sokuphela kwenyanga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. I-tunnel engazinzi iyindaba ehlukile, futhi yilapho ukwanda kwangempela kukhona.

Umhlinzeki ukala uxhumano lwangaphandle kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini ngaphakathi, ngakho i-tunnel ayikwazi ukwenza ithrafikhi ibe mahhala. Ayikwazi futhi ukufihla umthamo kumhlinzeki wokuxhumana, ngoba nguye oyihambisayo.

Yini ngempela engeza amabhayithi

I-encapsulation isonga iphakethe ngalinye esihlokweni esisha futhi ukuqinisekisa kwengeza izinkambu zako, kanti izindleko eziqondile zincike kuphrothokholi nasemindeni yamakheli esetshenziswayo. Amaphakethe amancane ahlupheka kakhulu, ngoba isihloko esingaguquki siyingxenye enkulu yesamba esincane. Ukudlulisa okuqhubekayo komthwalo ogcwele kukhokha kancane ngokulingana, yingakho abantu ababili ku-VPN eyodwa bangabona amaphesenti ahluke kakhulu. Usayizi wephakethe ne-MTU kunquma ukuthi ingakanani indlela eya ezihlokweni hhayi kokuqukethwe.

Ama-keepalive nokuxhawulana kwengeza ithrafikhi ekhona kuphela ukuze i-tunnel ihlale ivulekile, futhi ahlala eyize kuze kube yilapho kukhona okwephukayo. Isixhumanisi esingazinzi kubenza babe izindleko zangempela, ngoba konke ukuxhumana kabusha kuphinda ukusethwa futhi konke ukugeleza okunqanyuliwe kumema uhlelo ukuthi luzame futhi. Ukuzama futhi yingxenye ebizayo: ukulayisha okuqala kusuka kuqanda kungabiza ngaphezu kweviki lama-keepalive.

Izinhlelo zithumela nangaphezulu kokuqukethwe kwefayela. Izicelo, iziqinisekiso kanye nengxoxo yephrothokholi zazikhona ngaphambi kwe-tunnel futhi zisabalwa, ngakho umehluko phakathi kokunakho nokungenakho ukusonga hhayi yonke ingxoxo. Ukusonga yikho kuphela okungxenyeni i-VPN enayo ngempela.

Kungani amakhawunta amabili engavumelani

Izindawo ezine zingabika ukusetshenziswa: ifoni, uhlelo lwe-VPN, i-router kanye nomhlinzeki wokuxhumana, futhi ngayinye ikala isixhumi esihlukile esikhathini esihlukile. Ikhawunta yesixhumi esibonakalayo ibona ithrafikhi yangaphakathi kuyilapho isixhumi somzimba sibona amaphakethe angaphandle, ngakho womabili ahluka cishe ngesihloko esengeziwe osizama ukusikala. Eminye imibono yokwabiwa nayo iyahlangana, okusho ukuthi ukuhlanganisa yonke inombolo ekhonjisiwe kungabala amabhayithi afanayo kabili. Umjikelezo wokukhokha, isikhathi sohlelo kanye nokusethwa kabusha kwesistimu yokusebenza nakho kuqala ngezikhathi ezihlukile.

Ku-Android umbono osekelwayo walokhu NetworkStatsManager, obika amabhakede ngokwesixhumi nangokwe-uid ezikhathini. Kunoma yini ephathelene nemali, themba ukubalwa komhlinzeki ngaphezu kwesamba sesikhathi sohlelo. Uhlelo luwumbono wokunethezeka futhi lungafaka noma lukhiphe ithrafikhi kuye ngokuthi lusetshenziswe kanjani, futhi ukubika okubambezelekile kwenza ukufunda kamuva kubonakale kungalungile noma kungaguqukanga lutho.

adb shell dumpsys netstats | grep -A3 "iface=wlan0"
adb shell dumpsys netstats detail | grep -i vpn

Funda igama lesixhumi emugqeni ngamunye ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa noma yini. Izibalo ezimbili zezixhumi ezihlukene akuzona izilinganiso ezimbili zento eyodwa, futhi ukuzithatha njengeyodwa kwenza inombolo yesihloko esengeziwe empeleni iwumehluko wokubala.

Kala umsebenzi ongaphindwa esikhundleni sokuhlola ijubane

Khetha ikhawunta eyodwa, idivayisi eyodwa, inethiwekhi eyodwa nomsebenzi owodwa, bese uphinda umsebenzi futhi uqhathanise ukufunda. Ukuhlola ijubane iyithuluzi elingalungile ngoba lisebenzisa ngamabomu konke okusemandleni, futhi izindleko zalo zingadlula inkinga yansuku zonke obuyiphenya. Qala ngokumisa amakhophi okusekela nezibuyekezo, vumela umsebenzi wangemuva uthule, futhi ubhale iphrothokholi kanye nenguqulo yeklayenti eceleni kwenombolo. Ukulayisha okuqhubekayo kuwumthwalo ohlukile ekudluliseni okuhlanzekile, ngakho ukubaqhathanisa akukali lutho olusizo.

Uma ukuqhathanisa okuqondile kungqubuzana nezidingo zakho zobumfihlo, qhathanisa izilungiselelo ezimbili ze-VPN ezisekelwayo esikhundleni salokho futhi usho lowo mkhawulo eceleni komphumela. Bhala ukuthi yisiphi isilungiselelo esinikeze iyiphi inombolo, ukuze ukuqhathanisa kufinyelele umfundi olandelayo.

Yikuphi ukubheka lapho ibhili nohlelo kungavumelani

Hlola isikhathi kuqala, bese usihlola isixhumi, bese uhlola ungqimba. Ukungavumelani okudlula kuzo zontathu kuwumbuzo kumhlinzeki hhayi isilungiselelo sekliyenti, futhi impendulo ivamise ukusho ukubambezeleka kokubika noma isabelo esabiwe.

Gcina izilungiselelo zokubuyekezwa kohlelo nedatha yeselula zilingana nesabelo, futhi uhlele ukudluliswa okukhulu kuxhumano olukwaziyo ukukuthwala. Uma wabelana ngoxhumano, hlola ikhava ye-hotspot ngokwehlukile, ngoba i-tunnel yefoni ayisho lutho mayelana nokuthi ithrafikhi eyabiwe ihlelwa kanjani noma ibalwa kanjani.