I-BGP ne-MPLS ku-VPN: iyiphi ingxenye ethwala iphakethe

I-BGP isabalalisa umzila, i-MPLS idlulisa iphakethe. Yenza lezi zivivinyo ezinhlanu ngokulandelana ukuze ubone ukuthi iphambili le-VPN noma iphakethe lakho lami kuphi.

Ukubuza ukuthi i-VPN isebenza nge-BGP noma nge-MPLS kuhlanganisa izingqimba ezimbili esinqumweni esisodwa. I-BGP isabalalisa ukufinyeleleka nenqubomgomo. I-MPLS idlulisa amaphakethe isebenzisa isimo samalebula esifakiwe. Ku-VPN ye-BGP/MPLS zombili zisebenzisana, futhi ukususa noma iyiphi yazo akushiyi nsebenzo. Izivivinyo ezingezansi zidlulisa iphambili elifanayo kuzo zombili izingqimba, ukuze ubone ngqo ukuthi elakho lami kuphi.

Isivivinyo 1: ingabe iphambili lise-VRF efanele

Qala emaphethelweni okungena omsabalalisi bese ubuza ukuthi iphambili lekhasimende lingeliphi i-VRF. Ukuhlangana kwakheli zamakhasimende kuyinto evamile kulo mklamo, ngakho i-VRF iyisimo esigcina amakhasimende amabili asebenzisa i-10.0.0.0/8 ehlukene.

Uma iphambili lungekho lapho, akukho okunye okungaba ngcono ngemuva kwalokho, futhi izivivinyo ezisele ziwumsebenzi oyize.

Isivivinyo 2: ingabe umzila we-VPN wasabalaliswa futhi wangenisiwe

Umsabalalisi usabalalisa imizila yamakhasimende nge-MP-BGP. Wonke umzila uthwala isihlukanisi somzila, esenza izingqalaba ezifanayo zibe ezihlukile, namatshe ezindawo omzila, anquma ukuthi imiphi i-VRF engenisa umzila. Umzila ofikayo kodwa ongangenisiwe ushiya i-VRF eyamukelayo ingenalutho kuleyo phambili. Hlola inqubomgomo yokungenisa ngaphambi kokusola umkhathi okude.

Ukukhethwa komzila nakho kubalulekile: umzila okhethwayo odlula kwelinye iphethelo lomsabalalisi uthatha indawo yalowo obukade ulindele ukuwubona.

Isivivinyo 3: yini eyenza umkhathi wokungena ngephakethe

Uma iphakethe lifika, umkhathi wokungena wenza ukusesha kwe-IP ku-VRF bese unamathisela amalebula kumzila okhethiwe. Isiqukathi sinezindima ezimbili ezinengqondo ngisho noma ukuthwebula kubonisa inani elihlukile lamalebula.

transport label toward the egress edge
VPN service label for the egress forwarding action
customer IP packet

Incazelo ye-VPN ye-BGP/MPLS ichaza lelo hlelo. Ukususa ilebula ekwenyukeni okungaphambi kokugcina kungase kususe ilebula lokuthutha ngaphambi kokwenyuka kokugcina, ngakho ukuthwebula kwamalebula amabili okuthathwe phakathi nenethiwekhi akubona ubufakazi bephutha.

Isivivinyo 4: ingabe inethiwekhi engaphansi idlulisa lawo malebula

Amarutha adlulayo ashintsha ngokwamabhuku amalebula afakiwe. Awafundi izibuyekezo ze-BGP ukuze anqume ukuthi kwenzekani ngephakethe lakho elilodwa. Yingakho umzila wekhasimende ungaba khona kuyilapho ukudlulisa kusahluleka: ukwenyuka okulandelayo okuxazululiwe noma ilebula lokuthutha kungaphuka ngokuzimela. Ukufunda iphambili le-VPN akulungisi inethiwekhi engaphansi kulo.

Hlola ukubopha kwelebula ngasemaphethelweni okuphuma, hhayi ukuba khona komzila kuphela.

Isivivinyo 5: isenzo sokuphuma nomzila wokubuya

Ekuphumeni ilebula lensizakalo likhomba isenzo sokudlulisa, iphakethe liyakhishwa esikhwameni bese liya endaweni yekhasimende. Ukusuka lapho umzila wokubuya nawo kufanele usebenze, kuhlanganise nenqubomgomo yokufinyelela yohlangothi lwekhasimende kuleyo interface.

Impumelelo yohlangothi olulodwa ngokuvamile iwumzila wokubuya noma isihlungi, hhayi isiqukathi samalebula.

Funda isibonakaliso sakho kwesinye salezi zivivinyo

Umzila ongekho ku-VRF eyamukelayo kusho isimemezelo, inqubomgomo yokungenisa noma ukukhetha umzila. Umzila okhona kuyilapho amaphakethe ehluleka kusho ukwenyuka okulandelayo okuxazululiwe, ukudluliswa kwamalebula noma umzila wokubuya wohlangothi lwekhasimende. Amaphakethe afika endaweni engafanele ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi uhlola i-VRF engafanele. Akukho kulokhu okuyisizathu sokushintsha iphrothokholi yokuhambisa imizila.

Enye into efanele ishiwo ngokucacile: lo mklamo uhlukanisa amakhasimende futhi udlulisa ithrafikhi yawo ngempumelelo. Awufihli, futhi ukukuthatha njengensizakalo yokugcina imfihlo kuyiphutha elihlukile.

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