Ufake i-VPN? Inethiwekhi yasendaweni isabona idivayisi

Ukwakha ithunu akwenzi inethiwekhi yasendaweni ikhohlwe umshini, nakuba lokho kuwukucabanga okuvamile. Amathebula omakhelwane, izivumelwano zokuqasha kanye namarekhodi amagama asendaweni kusho okunye. Ithunu lishintsha lapho amaphakethe akho ephuma khona; alishintshi lokho omakhelwane bakho abangakubona.

Kunemibono emibili okufanele ihlolwe. Akukho kuyo okuwukuhlolwa kokuthi kufihliwe noma cha okwenziwa ngabantu abaningi kuqala.

Omakhelwane bakho basawazi umshini

Ikheli lasendaweni, ikheli lehadiwe kanye, emanzini amaningi, igama lomsingathi eliqashiwe kuhlala kunamathele emshinini ngesikhathi uxhumekile. I-routa iwabala, futhi esigabeni esicaba amanye amahost nawo angawafunda. Ukutholwa komakhelwane, ukwabiwa kwamakheli kanye nokuxazululwa kwamagama asendaweni kwenzeka esigabeni hhayi ngaphakathi kwethunu, yingakho i-VPN ingawacindezeli. Amafreyimu athwala ithrafikhi yakho ashicilelwe ukusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni, kuyilapho ukuqasha nokufakwa komakhelwane kungakaze kube yingxenye yaleyo ngxoxo.

Lokho ithunu elikufihlayo uhlu lwezindawo eziyiwa kuzo. I-routa yakho ibona ukugeleza okukodwe kanye okuya endaweni eyodwa yokugcina esikhundleni sohlu lwamasayithi, nakuba umthamo, isikhathi kanye nedumela lendawo yokugcina kusachaza okuningi.

Ikheli lokuphuma ubunikazi obubodwa kuphela

Isimangalo sokuthi i-VPN ifihla idivayisi kunethiwekhi yasendaweni siyiqiniso ngomqondo omncane: umbonisi okude akasakwazi ikheli lakho lomphakathi. Lokho akusho lutho ngedawo lokungena oxhumeke kulo, elisakwazi ikheli lehadiwe elikhuluma nalo. Ukuthatha lokhu kokubili njengombuzo owodwa yiyo indlela abantu abaphetha ngayo ukuthi ithunu lehlulekile ngesikhathi lenza ngqo lokho ithunu elikwenzayo. Bahlukanise futhi umphumela ngamunye uzobonakala uqondakala wodwa.

Indawo ineshubhu lesibili elingakaze lithinte ikheli. Indawo yebhrawza ingaphendulwa kusukela ekusikeniwe kwamaphoyinti okungena aseduze esikhundleni sekheli, ngoba uhlelo lokusebenza lunikeza izihlonzi zawo kunqubo yokusesha esivele izihlanganisa nezindawo. Ukukhipha umsakazo kususa lokho kufakwayo; izwe elihlukile lokuphuma alikwenzi lokho.

Uma uqasha iseva, umhlinzeki ubona iphethini

Ukusebenzisa ithunu kuyi-instance eqashiwe kuhambisa ukubonwa esikhundleni sokukususa. Umhlinzeki wokubamba ubona umthombo nendawo okuyiwa kuyo koku geleza kwangaphandle ngoba kufanele akuhambise, futhi ikheli lendawo yokugcina likhomba insizakalo. Umthwalo uhlala ungafundeki, kodwa umsingathi okhuluma nomunye umlingani kuphela futhi okhuluma nelutho olunye akunzima ukuhlukanisa. Akukho kulokho kuchazwa okudinga ukuphulwa kombhalo oyimfihlo.

Iphethini akusiyo okuqukethwe. Uma ukukhathazeka kungamarekhodi omhlinzeki, impendulo umhlinzeki onenqubomgomo emenyezelwe kanye nendawo yomthetho oyemukelayo, hhayi omunye umbhalo oyimfihlo. Umbhalo oyimfihlo oqinile awushintshi lutho endleleni ukugeleza okubonakala ngayo ngaphandle.

Ithunu elihlukanisiwe linquma ukuthi ubani obona imibuzo yakho

Ngethunu lomsebenzi, lokho umlawuli angakubona kuncike emizileni efakwa iklayenti. Uma kukhona kuphela iziqalo zebhizinisi ethunini, isango lirekhoda ngqo leyo ngxenye yethrafikhi yakho futhi akukho okunye. Ngaphandle kwethunu elihlukanisiwe, iphakethe ngalinye lidlula kumqashi, kuhlanganise nokusesha kwesizinda lapho isixazululi sabo siphushwa kuklayenti. Lowo mehluko unquma ukuthi yikuphi ekujwayeleni kwakho umqashi angakubona ngempela.

Hlola ithebula lemizila esikhundleni sokucabanga, futhi qaphela ukuthi ubani ophendula umbuzo wege oku umphakathi. Uma isixazululi sabo sesiphendule imibuzo yakho, bagcina umbuzo ngisho nalapho ikhasi lithathwa kwenye indawo.

Hlola imibono yomibili ngaphambi kokukholwa ngomunye

Cela idivayisi yesibili esigabeni esifanayo ukuthi ixazulule igama lomsingathi wakho futhi iphrinte ithebula layo lomakhelwane, bese ubona ngaphandle ukuthi iyiphi ikheli elibikwa yinsizakalo. Lezo zimpendulo ezimbili zichaza izigaba ezihlukile, futhi akukho kuhlolwa okukodwa kokuthi kufihliwe noma cha okuhlanganisa kokubili.

arp -a
ip route show default
resolvectl status | head -n 20
dig +short example.com

Shintsha isigaba esisodwa ngesikhathi uma uhlola. Vala iphrothokholi yokuthola futhi isigaba sizolahlekelwa yilowo mbono kuyilapho ithunu lihlala lingathintekile; shintsha izwe lokuphuma futhi irekhodi lesayithi liyashintsha kuyilapho isigaba singashintshi.