Umyalo wakho we-VPN usebenza ngaphandle kwelungelo; insizakalo ayisenzi

Ukungabikho kwesicelo sephasiwedi akusho lutho ngokuthi ubani oshintsha imizila. Thola insizakalo, isixhumi esibonakalayo esiyivezayo kanye nenqubomgomo enquma ukuthi ubani angacela.

Umyalo we-VPN usebenza njengomsebenzisi wakho, akukho phasiwedi evelayo, futhi umhubhe uyaphuma. Lokho kulandelana kuzwakala njengomsebenzi ongenalungelo, futhi ngokuvamile akunjalo. Insizakalo ehlukile yenza izinguquko zenethiwekhi, futhi umbuzo othakazelisayo ukuthi leyo nsizakalo izokwenzenjani kumfoni engakaziqinisekisi. Ukubala izicelo zephasiwedi akukutsheli lutho ngalowo mngcele.

Isixhumi, indlela kanye nokuhlola

Isixhumi samukela izicelo: xhuma, nqamula, khetha iphrofayela. Indlela iphethe imisebenzi yenethiwekhi: ukwakha izixhumi, ukushintsha imizila, ukusebenzisa izihlungi. Ukuhlolwa kwegunya kunquma ukuthi lo mfoni angasicela yini lesi senzo. Lezi zintathu zingasatshalaliswa kubhinari, umsizi kanye nensizakalo yesistimu, futhi umsebenzisi ubona eyokuqala kuphela.

Izindima zingahlala kubhinari elilodwa, kumigudu emibili, noma kuklayenti nensizakalo yesistimu, futhi umyalo owubonayo umsebenzisi awuvamile ukuveza ukuthi yikuphi. Isithonjana setreyi nedemon yesistimu zingabonakala njengohlelo olulodwa kuyilapho zisebenza ngegunya elihluke kakhulu. Igunya ngesikhathi sokufaka kanye negunya ngesikhathi sesicelo nakho kuyizinto ezihlukile. Isifaki esasebenza njenge-root singashiya insizakalo elalela izicelo zakamuva, isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba umphathi wamaphakheji eqedile. Igunya liseninsizakalweni leyo, hhayi kumyalo owubhalile.

Ukudlulisela indlela ejwayelekile yokwakha

Ukudlulisela umsebenzi wenethiwekhi onegunya ensizakalweni kuyisakhiwo esinengqondo. Kugcina izinhlelo ezijwayelekile zingenalungelo, futhi kugxilisa imisebenzi edinga ukunakekelwa. Isakhiwo sikhokha kuphela lapho insizakalo nayo ihlola ukuthi ubani ocela nokuthi kungani. Ngaphandle kwalokho kuhlola kumane kuwumnyango obanzi.

I-NetworkManager yisibonelo esibonakalayo ku-Linux. Umhlahlandlela wokucushwa wayo uchaza ukuthi i-PolicyKit igunyaza kanjani izicelo ezingezona ze-root ekucushweni okuzenzakalelayo. Lokho kukhombisa igunya elidlulisiwe kumkhiqizo wangempela. Akufakazi ukuthi iklayenti ngalinye lezentengiselwano lisebenzisa i-NetworkManager, futhi akuchazi indlela yesokhethi noma inqubomgomo yanoma yimuphi umthengisi othile.

Iphethini ukudlulisela okunengqubomgomo ngemva kwayo. Isibonelo siwukusetshenziswa okukodwa kwaleyo phethini, hhayi okujwayelekile.

Funda umngcele, hhayi isicelo

Thola insizakalo, umnikazi wokucushwa kwayo kanye nesixhumi sendawo esisetshenziswa ingxenye engaphambili. Bese ubuza ukuthi abaphi abasebenzisi abangacela imiphi imisebenzi. Ukwazi ukuphakamisa nokwehlisa iphrofayela eyodwa egciniwe akusona isigunyaziso esifanayo nokulayisha ukucushwa umsebenzi wokugcina angakaze akubheke. Umehluko uwumbuzo wonke wokuphepha.

Qala ngumphathi wensizakalo nangombono weklayenti uqobo mayelana nezigunyaziso zalo. Imiyalo engezansi ikhombisa ukuthi idemon iyasebenza yini, ukuthi umfoni angacelani kuyo, nokuthi idemon iveza ini ngaphansi kwedijithadi yayo yesikhathi sokusebenza.

systemctl status NetworkManager
nmcli general permissions
ls -l /run/NetworkManager

Buza futhi ukuthi isenzo sithinta ini. Into yemenyu ebonakala ingeyomuntu siqu ingashintsha imizila ne-DNS yomshini wonke, okusho ukuthi ingaphazamisa izikhathi zabasebenzisi abanye. Ububanzi bomphumela buyingxenye yokubuyekezwa okufanayo kwesigunyaziso, futhi ngokuvamile yikho okunquma ukuthi insizakalo idinga indima encane yini.

Lungisa izigunyaziso ngendlela esekelwayo

Ukwenza isokhethi yokulawula evikelwe ibhalwe yiwo wonke umuntu, noma ukwengeza i-akhawunti eqenjini lokuphatha elibanzi, kususa iphutha lesigunyaziso futhi kwakha elikhulu. Iphutha kwakuyinto kuphela eyayikutshela ukuthi lowo mngcele ukhona. Sebenzisa inqubo ebhaliwe yobulungu noma yegunya, kuhlanganise nokuvuselela isikhathi okukudingayo. Ubulungu beqembu ngokuvamile busebenza kuphela ezikhathini zokungena ezintsha, yingakho ushintsho lungabonakala lungenzi lutho kuze kube ukungena okulandelayo.

Uma umkhiqizo uveza indima encane yomsebenzi, yikhethe kunokunikeza okubanzi. Bhala indima ekhethiwe kanye nomnikazi wayo eceleni kwegama lensizakalo.

Ukuhlukaniswa okuhle kubonakala kanjani

Izinhlelo ezijwayelekile zihlala zingenalungelo, insizakalo yenza kuphela ukucushwa eyenzelwe khona, futhi umfoni ngamunye uhlolwa ngokumelene nenqubomgomo umuntu othile anayo. Lokho kuwisakhiwo esivikelekayo. Futhi siyacwaningeka, ngoba inqubomgomo inegama elixhunywe kuyo. Noma yini enkulu kunalokho ifanele ukukhishwa okubhaliwe esikhundleni soshintsho lwegunya oluthule.

Indlela yokwehluleka iyinsizakalo eyenza noma yisiphi isicelo somsebenzisi wasendaweni noma ngubani ngoba isixhumi silula. Ngakubo umsebenzisi kubonakala kufana, futhi kuthwala igunya elikhulu kakhulu. Hlola isicelo esisodwa esenqatshiwe, hhayi leso esiphumelele kuphela. Ukwenqatshwa okuvela enqubomgopweni kuwubufakazi bokuthi inqubomgomo ikhona.

Izihloko ezihlobene