I-segfault yeklayenti ye-VPN ku-Pi? Qala ngokuthwebula inqubo

I-shell iphrinta i-segmentation fault bese ikhadi libhalwa kabusha. Rekhoda ifayela elisebenzayo, inguqulo kanye nerekhodi lokuphahlazeka ngaphambi kokushintsha noma iyiphi i-hardware.

Uqala iklayenti, itheminali iphrinta Segmentation fault (core dumped), futhi ihora elilandelayo lichitha ekubhaleni kabusha ikhadi. Lowo mylaye uchaza ukuthi inqubo eyodwa yafa kanjani ngesikhathi esisodwa. Awusho ukuthi ibhodi lonakele, futhi awukhululi amandla kagesi, isitoreji noma isithombe.

Qala emugqeni owaphrintwa yi-shell ubuyele emuva enqubweni engemuva kwawo. Amaqiniso awusizo ukuthi iyiphi ifayela elisebenzayo ehlulekile, kusiphi isimo futhi kusiphi isigaba sokuxhumana.

Qala emugqeni owaphrintwa yi-shell

Igama elikusemyaleni wakho ngokuvamile liyisembozo noma isiqalisi esiqala enye i-binary, ngakho qinisekisa ukuthi iyiphi ifayela elisebenzayo i-kernel eyiqede ngempela. Bhala indlela ephelele, inguqulo yephakheji nohlelo, isakhiwo, inguqulo ye-OS ne-kernel, i-akhawunti eyiqalile kanye nesikhathi esiqondile. Umyalo we-shell ogama lakhe lingu-VPN ungakwazi ukuhlisa inqubo yomsizi kalula, futhi irekhodi lizosho lowo msizi. Ukukopisha umucu wenguqulo ovela kuphakheji oyifake ngenyanga edlule akusho lutho mayelana nalokho obekusebenza.

Phawula okwenzeka ngokuqondile ngaphambi kokuphahlazeka: ukuqala, ukuhlaziya iphrofayili, ukuqinisekisa, noma isikhathi sesi esasesidlulisa itrafikhi. Lezo zigaba ezine zinciphisa ukusesha kakhulu kunegama elithi segfault. Gcina iwindi lelogi elifishane elizungeze leso sehlakalo, futhi shiya imicabango yokuthi yiluphi ushintsho lwakamuva olubangele lokho kuze kusho irekhodi.

Thola ukuthi isithombe sememori sikhona yini

Isithenjwa sefayela le-core sichaza i-dump njengesithombe sememori yenqubo esibhalwa lapho kuphela, futhi sibala nezimo ezivimbela lokho kubhala. Lezo zimo zihlanganisa umkhawulo wensiza ongunothi kanye nephethini ye-core eqondisa i-dump kwenye indawo hhayi kusikhombisi sokusebenza. Ngakho ukungabikho kwefayela elibizwa nge-core akufakazi lutho mayelana nokuthi ukuphahlazeka kwenzekile yini. Hlola iphethini elilungisiwe kanye nomkhawulo ngaphambi kokuphetha ngokuthi uhlelo alukhiqizanga ubufakazi.

Kusistimu esebenzisa umqoqi we-systemd, umbono osekelwayo uhlobanisa irekhodi eligciniwe nefayela elisebenzayo nesikhathi. Ukufakwa kwejenali nesithombe sememori esifundekayo kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene: inqubomgomo yokugcina kanye nezimvume kungakushiya nenye ngaphandle kwenye. Buza isabelo noma umgcini wohlelo mayelana nendlela yokuxilonga abayisekelayo, ngoba i-trace eyenziwe kusukela kolunye ukwakhiwa noma elinye iqoqo lamathala kuvame ukumosha isikhathi sabo.

sysctl kernel.core_pattern
ulimit -c
coredumpctl list --since "1 hour ago" --no-pager
coredumpctl info /usr/sbin/openvpn

Phinda lezo zifundo emshinini owaphahlazeka ngempela. Ukuzenza ekufakeni okusha kuphendula umbuzo ongazange ubuzwe muntu.

Phatha i-dump njengempahla ethwele izimfihlo

Imemori yenqubo ingaqukatha ubufakazi bokuqinisekisa, okhiye besikhathi kanye nokuqukethwe kwephrofayili, okwenza i-dump ibe nokuzwela okukhulu kunelogi yombhalo eseceleni. Ukuhlanza ilogi akusizi lutho esithombeni sememori esingacacile, futhi izilandeleli zezinkinga ezijwayelekile zigcina okunamathiselwe isikhathi eside kakhulu kunokuphila komucu wosekelo. Hambisa ifayela ngomzila wangasese ohlinzekwa umthengisi noma umgcini. Ukuthumela i-dump eluhlaza enkingeni yomphakathi kudalula konke okwakusememorini ngesikhathi inqubo ifa, futhi awukwazi ukwazi ukuthi kwakuyini kuze kube umuntu uyahlola.

Uma umgcini ecela i-trace, buza ukuthi uyifuna kuyiphi ifayela elisebenzayo nakuphi amathala. I-backtrace enamafreyimu angahambisani nokwakhiwa okubikiwe ilukhuni ukuyithemba futhi ilula ukuyifunda kabi.

Hlola umsuka ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini

Qinisekisa umsuka wephakheji kanye nokuqina kwefayela kulowo ongumnikazi wokufakwa, futhi gcina ukulungiselelwa kanye nempahla yobunikazi ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukulungiswa okulawulwayo. Ungasibhali phezu kwekhophi eyodwa yobufakazi ukuze nje ubone ukuthi ukufakwa okuhlanzekile kuyavuka yini. Isithombe esisha esivukayo sisho ukuthi isithombe esisha siyavuka. Asisho ukuthi esidala sasiqukatha iphakheji eyonakele, ikhadi elehlulekayo noma i-binary eyayizohluleka njalo kulesi sakhiwo.

Uma nezinhlelo ezingahlobene zihluleka, noma uhlelo lubhala amaphutha esitoreji, kagesi noma e-kernel, gcina lokho okuqashiwe ukuze kuphenywe ngengxenyekazi. Kukhulisa ububanzi; akufakazi ukuthi yonke i-segfault ivela ku-RAM ehlulekayo noma esithombeni esonakele.

Ngemva kokulungiswa okuqondiwe, phinda ukwethulwa okugunyaziwe kanye nomsebenzi we-VPN ofanayo kuleyo hardware. Shono ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka okwama futhi kuyiphi inguqulo. Ukuvuka okuhlanzekile kukodwa akukhombo ingxenye enesici futhi akubikezeli ukwehluleka kwe-hardware okulandelayo.

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