Imodi yokudlulisa noma yomhubhe: nxazombani ngophakethe, hhayi ngomdwebo
Ukudlulisa nomhubhe kuchaza okungaphakathi kwe-ESP, hhayi ukuthi ingabe ikhona ihosti noma isango. Imibuzo emithathu inquma ukuthi yimiphi imodi edingwa ukufakwa.
Imidwebo yezincwadi zokufunda ihlobanisa imodi yokudlulisa namahosti amabili kanye nemodi yomhubhe namasango amabili, futhi lo mthetho uhlala kuze kube ukufakwa kokuqala okukwephula. Imodi ichaza ukuthi iphakethe le-ESP lisonga ini, hhayi ukuthi ngobani abangasemaceleni. Isango lingavikela ithrafikhi kumodi yokudlulisa, futhi ipheya lamahosti lingasebenzisa imodi yomhubhe uma likhetha kanjalo. Imibuzo emithathu inquma ukuthi ukufakwa okuthile kudinga ini.
Imodi iwuhlelo, hhayi isakhiwo sokuxhumana
Kumodi yokudlulisa isihloko se-ESP siza ngemva kwesihloko se-IP nangaphambi komthwalo wesendlalelo esilandelayo, ngakho isihloko sokuqala se-IP sihlala ngaphandle futhi sibonakala. Kumodi yomhubhe okuqukethwe okuvikelwe yiphakethe le-IP eliphelele, futhi isihloko esisha sangaphandle sisho izinhlangothi ezimbili ze-IPsec.
| Mode | What follows the outer IP header | Headers a capture shows |
|---|---|---|
| Transport | ESP, then the next-layer payload | One IP header |
| Tunnel | ESP, then a whole inner IP packet | Outer and inner headers |
Uma kukhethwa imfihlo, indawo evikelwe kumodi yomhubhe ihlanganisa leso sihloko sangaphakathi se-IP, ngakho ukubamba akukwazi ukukutshela iziphetho zangempela ngaphandle kwezokhiye. Isihloko sangaphandle sihlala sifundeka kuzo zombili izimo, futhi yikho okwenza ukuxazulula izinkinga kwenzeke nhlobo.
Umbuzo wokuqala: yini ngempela engaphakathi kwe-ESP
Bheka iphakethe elikhiqizwa uhlelo lokusebenza bese ubuza ukuthi iyiphi imingcele elivikelayo. Uma impendulo kungumthwalo wokudlulisa phakathi kwamakheli amabili asevele elungile, imodi yokudlulisa iyafaneleka ngaphandle kokuqamba isihloko sesibili. Uma okuqukethwe okuvikelwe kudinga amakheli ayo, ngoba iziphetho zangempela zihlukile ezinhlangothini ezithwala ithrafikhi, umsebenzi wenziwa imodi yomhubhe. Zombili izimo zikhona emhlanganweni owodwa, ngakho isitatimende esisodwa somgomo asivamile ukuhlanganisa konke.
Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa ngokubamba nangetafula lemigwaqo. Awukwazi ukuphendulwa ngomdwebo obiza amabhokisi ngokuthi iklayenti neseva. Ukubamba okuthathwe kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi kubonisa ngemizuzwana ukuthi yikuphi kwalokhu okubili okubhekile.
Umbuzo wesibili: ngabe sekukhona umhubhe ngaphakathi
L2TP yisibonelo esiphambene somlando esikhombisa leli phuzu. Insizakalo ithwala i-PPP ngaphakathi kwesikhathi se-L2TP, futhi i-IPsec ivikela lokho kushintshana; uhlelo luchaza imodi yokudlulisa, kanti imodi yomhubhe ivunyelwe njengokuzikhethela. Umphumela obonakalayo umhubhe ezingeni lensizakalo okukwelakhe ukuzivikela kwangaphandle kusebenzisa imodi yokudlulisa.
Ngakho ukuba khona kwegama umhubhe encazelweni yomkhiqizo akusho lutho mayelana nemodi yesendlalelo esingaphansi kwayo. Bhala ukuthi umbuzo muphi owanquma lokhu, ngoba umhloli olandelayo uzobuza okufanayo. Funda isicaciso salokho kuhlanganiswa esikhundleni sokuqagela kusukela egameni, ngoba lowo mkhuba uvimbela izingxabano eziningi mayelana nokuthi umkhiqizo kufanele usekele ini.
Umbuzo wesithathu: uhlangothi ludinga ini
Izinhlangothi ezimbili kufanele zivumelane, futhi isiphakamiso esinikela imodi eyodwa ngesikhathi elinye lidinga eyesibili siyahluleka ngesikhathi sezingxoxo esikhundleni sokuncipha buthule. Buza umnikazi womkhawulo okude ukuthi umgomo usho yiphi imodi, futhi hlola isiphakamiso hhayi isifinyezo semibhalo.
Izindawo ezixubile zivamile: isango elilodwa liqeda amasikhathi emodi yokudlulisa womkhiqizo wakudala namasikhathi emodi yomhubhe woxhumo lwesizinda. Imodi ingeyokuhlobana ngakunye, hhayi ngedivayisi ngayinye. Cela uhlu lwezihlobo hhayi igama lesici, ngoba igama lihamba ngokushesha kunezilungiselelo.
Ukufunda ukuhlobana okukhona
Ukubuyekeza, bhala izinhlangothi, imodi, abakhethi kanye neprotokholi yesendlalelo esilandelayo, bese wengeza noma yikuphi ukusongwa okusongelwe umphumela. Ukuhumusha amakheli kwengeza umbono wangaphandle wawo futhi akuyona imodi; ukugeleza okuhunyushiwe kusengaba ngenye yalezi ezimbili. Uhlu yilo kuphela into ekhombisa ukuhlobana njengoba kufakiwe, hhayi njengoba kwakuhloswe.
Qeda ngombuzo womgwaqo nokugunyazwa, ngoba ukuhlelwa kwephakethe okulungile akukutsheli lutho mayelana nokuthi iyiphi isubneti evunyelwe noma ngabe ikhona indlela yempendulo. Lokho kuhlala kumgomo nasetafuleni lemigwaqo, futhi akukho okushintsha impikiswano mayelana nemodi.