I-RRAS iqala ngaphambi kokuba umhubhe we-OpenVPN ulungele ngesikhathi sokuqalisa

Iseva iqala kabusha, i-OpenVPN iqala, futhi i-RRAS iyaphakama kuyilapho i-adaptha noma umzila e-incike kuwo ungekho. Ukuqalisa kabusha i-RRAS ngesandla ngemuva komzuzu kuyalungisa lokho, okwenza inkinga ibonakale ixazululiwe futhi kufihle eyangempela. Lapha kuxutshwa izimo ezimbili ezihlukene: insiza ebekiwe iyasebenza, nomthombo wenethiwekhi odingwa yi-RRAS ngempela usuwusebenziseka. Ukuncika kwensiza ye-Windows kungaveza isimo sokuqala futhi akukwazi neze owesibili, ngakho ukwengeza okukodwa ngaphandle kokuchaza umthombo kukunika ukuqalisa okubukeka kucwebe kakhulu kanye nokwehluleka okufanayo.

Isibonakaliso sibonakala kanjani ekuqaliseni okubandayo

Isibonakaliso umehluko phakathi kokuqalisa okubandayo nokuqalisa kabusha. Ekuqaliseni okubandayo i-RRAS ibika ukuthi iyasebenza kuyilapho i-adaptha yomhubhe ingekho, umzila ulahlekile, noma ikheli lozakwethu alikaxazululwa. Ukuqalisa kabusha ngesandla kuyaphumelela ngemuva kwalokho ngoba ngaleso sikhathi umthombo ukhona, futhi insiza imane ifunda kabusha umhlaba eyayingakwazi ukuwubona umzuzu ngaphambili. Iloghi yensiza izobonisa ukuqalisa okuhlanzekile kuzo zombili izimo, yingakho isibonisi sezehlakalo sisodwa singakuchazi lokhu.

Qopha zombili izimo ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini: ukuthi i-RRAS ibika ini ekuqaliseni, nokuthi yini ekhona ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kabusha ngesandla kuphumelela. Uma lezo zimbonelo ezimbili zifana, ukulandelana kokuqalisa akusona isichasiselo sakho futhi ukuncika ngeke kusize. Ukuqhathanisa kuthatha imizuzu eyishumi futhi konga iviki lokuqagela.

Ukuncika okwengezwe ngesisekelo sokuthi «kukhala ngemuva kokuqalisa kabusha» kuhlehla kuphela ukwehluleka okufanayo isikhathi insiza ebekiwe eyisidingayo ukuze ibike i-RUNNING. Kubuye kwenze ukuqalisa kube nzima ukuqonda, ngoba umkhawulo wokulandelana manje ubonakala njengesichasiselo. Buza ukuthi ukuncika kuqinisekisa yiphi into nokuthi ngabe leyo nto iyona yini i-RRAS eyayingayiboni.

Shono igama lomthombo, hhayi lensiza kuphela

Bhala into eqondile elahlekile. Kungaba i-adaptha yomhubhe enekheli, umzila oya kusubnet lozakwethu, impendulo ye-DNS, noma isitifiketi esisahlinzekwa. «Insiza ye-VPN iyasebenza» akusona isichasiselo somthombo, futhi isithonjana esiluhlaza kuklayenti naso asisiso. Kuze kube yilapho usukwazi ukusho igama lento kanye nomyalo oyibonisayo, awukachazi isimo ozama ukulinda sona.

Nquma nokuthi le nguqulo ye-OpenVPN iqaliswa kanjani. Umhubhe olawulwa yi-GUI nomhubhe olawulwa yinsiza banemijikelezo yokuphila yokuqalisa ehlukene, futhi igama lensiza kufanele livele emshinini ophambi kwakho, hhayi esibonelweni esibhalelwe omunye umfaki. Bhala uhlu lwabangeneleli esikhundleni sokuthemba igama elikhumbulekayo.

Get-Service | Where-Object Name -match 'vpn|openvpn' | Select-Object Name, Status, StartType

Funda uchungechunge lokuncika ngaphambi kokwengeza

I-Service Control Manager ibika izimo ezifana ne-START_PENDING ne-RUNNING, futhi i-SERVICE_STATUS reference ichaza ngokunembile ukuthi incazelo yayo iyini. Akukho kulezo zimo eqinisekisa ukuthi uzakwethu, igama le-DNS noma uhlelo olungezansi kuyafinyeleleka. Leyo geji yisona sizathu sonke sokuthi lokhu kwehluleka kusinde ukuncika okuhlelwe kahle.

Get-Service -Name RemoteAccess | Select-Object Status, StartType
sc.exe qc RemoteAccess
Get-Service -Name RemoteAccess | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DependentServices

Umugqa DEPENDENCIES ovela ku-sc.exe qc uhlu okufanele ulugcine, ngoba i-sc.exe config RemoteAccess depend= ishintsha lonke uhlu esikhundleni sokwengeza kulo. Ukushiya isimo esingahlobene ngesikhathi wengeza insiza ye-VPN kudala ukwehluleka kwesibili okuvela kokunye ukuqalisa, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukukuxilonga kunakokuqala. Kopisha uhlu olukhona kurekhodi yakho yezinguquko ngaphambi kokuluthinta.

Ukuncika kubuye kushintshe indlela yokuvala, ngoba ukumisa isimo esibekiwe kumisa izinsiza ezincike kuso. Hlola ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokunakekela ngaphambi kokuxhuma i-RRAS entweni evamise ukuqala kabusha.

Xhuma ukuqalisa kabusha esimweni, hhayi kusibali sikhathi

Ukulinda okungaguquki kucabanga ukuthi umhubhe uzohlala ulungele ngaphakathi kwalelo windi, futhi yikho kanye ukucabanga okwehlulekayo ekuqaliseni lapho isitifiketi sikhawulela khona noma isixhumanisi siphansi. Hlola umthombo ngokwawo, nomkhawulo wesikhathi, futhi uvumele ukuhlola ukuthi kunqume ukuthi ukuqalisa kabusha kudingeka yini.

Get-NetAdapter | Where-Object Status -eq 'Up'
Get-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix 0.0.0.0/0
Get-WinEvent -LogName System -MaxEvents 40 |
  Where-Object ProviderName -eq 'Service Control Manager'

Umsebenzi ohleliwe ekuqaliseni ohambisa lezo zihlolo futhi oqalisa kabusha i-RRAS kuphela lapho i-adaptha noma umzila ungekho usengemingceleni, uyahlolwa futhi kulula ukuwususa. Enye indlela, ukuqalisa kabusha i-RRAS kukho konke ukuxhumana kabusha, iphazamisa izikhathi ezinempilo futhi iguqula isixhumanisi esingaqinile sibe umjikelezo wokuqalisa kabusha. Lowo mjikelezo mubi kunokwehluleka kokuqala, ngoba manje uthinta abasebenzisi ababekahle.

Nikeza ukuhlola isikhathi sokulinda esiphezulu esihambisana nesikhathi umhubhe owasithatha ngokufanele ku-hardware yakho, futhi wenze umsebenzi uphume nesimo esingesona uziro lapho unikezela. Umsebenzi othule oveta ukuzama awukwazi ukuhlukaniswa nowuphumelele.

Bhala inguquko ukuze ukuqalisa okulandelayo kuzichaze

Qopha izigxivizo zesikhathi ezintathu emugqeni owodwa: lapho insiza yokuncika ifinyelela i-RUNNING, lapho umthombo odingekayo uvela khona, nokuthi i-RRAS yawamukela nini ekugcineni. Lowo mugqa owodwa uphendula umbuzo onjiniyela olandelayo azowubuza, futhi ukuwukhiqiza akubizi lutho. Ngaphandle kwawo, uphenyo olulandelayo luqala ekuqageleni okufana nalokhu.

Misa ukwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo ngemuva kwenani elithile lemizamo futhi ubike ukwehluleka esikhundleni sokuphinda uzame unomphela. Ukuqalisa okuphela ngomlayezo ocacile «umthombo awukaze uvele» kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho okuqhubeka kuqalisa kabusha insiza ebumnyameni. Lapho lowo mlayezo uvela, igama lomthombo olibhale esigabeni sesibili yilona umuntu olandelayo azolifuna.