Indlela yokubika ithrafikhi yokuhlukumeza evela endleleni yokuphuma ye-VPN
Bika ukuhlukumeza okuvela endleleni yokuphuma ye-VPN: hlukanisa ukumisa ithrafikhi nokuhlonza umuntu, khetha isiteshi esingenza ngempela futhi uthumele ubufakazi obulinganiselwe.
Ithrafikhi evela endleleni yokuphuma ye-VPN ingaba ukuhlukumeza ngaphandle kokukutshela ukuthi ubani eyithumile, futhi umbiko owubhalayo uncike ekutheni yimuphi umbuzo kwezintathu owuphendulayo. Ukumisa ithrafikhi kuwumsebenzi wakho namuhla. Ukugcina ubufakazi kuyinqubo. Ukuhlonza umuntu kudinga inqubo yezomthetho okungenzeka ungenayo. Lezi zintathu uma zihlangana esikhalazweni esisodwa, imibiko iyahluleka, ngoba umamukeli angasebenza kuphela engxenyeni engeyakhe.
Qala ngokuhlukanisa imibuzo emithathu
Qala ngokunquma ukuthi yimuphi umphumela owufunayo. Uma inhloso iwukuvimba izicelo, namuhla ungavimba ububanzi bamakheli, unciphise izinga le-akhawunti noma uqinise iphoyinti lokugcina, futhi umbiko wokuhlukumeza uyisibili. Uma inhloso iwumbhalo ozomelana nokuhlolwa, udinga izigxivizo zesikhathi, izihlonzi zezicelo kanye nekhophi yokuqala engahleliwe egcinwe endaweni ephephile. Uma inhloso igama elingemuva kwekheli, udinga inqubo yezomthetho yomhlinzeki noma isinqumo senkantolo, futhi asikho isikhalazo sangasese esithatha indawo yako.
Ukuzihlanganisa kukhiqiza umbiko ojwayelekile ongasebenziseki: isigaba esithukuthele, asikho isikhathi sendawo, isicelo semininingwane yobhalisile futhi akukho sibonakaliso sokuthi umamukeli angenzani ngisho uma efuna ukusiza. Lowo mbiko uvalwa ngaphandle kwesinyathelo, futhi umthumeli uphetha ngokuthi amadeski okuhlukumeza awenzi lutho. Umamukeli wayengenalo into angasebenza kuyo.
Bhala izimpendulo ezintathu ngaphambi kokuvula i-imeyili. Zona zinquma ithoni, ubude kanye nesicelo.
Ikheli lokuphuma lifakazelani futhi akufakazeli ini
Ikheli elihlotshaniswa ne-VPN likutshela ukuthi ithrafikhi yangena ku-inthanethi kuphi, hhayi ukuthi ubani eyiqalile. Indlela yokuphuma yezentengiselwano yabiwa ngamakhasimende amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi i-NAT yezinga lomhambisi phambi kwayo ingaba yabelana ngekheli elilodwa lomphakathi phakathi kwezinkulungwane zabhalisi ngokusebenzisa ububanzi bezimbobo. I-RFC 6269 ichaza leyo modeli yokwabelana ngamakheli, futhi umphumela ongokoqobo ukuthi ikheli lomthombo kanye nesigxivizo sesikhathi kungahlonza ibhalisi kuphela uma umhlinzeki esagcina imephu yaleso sikhathi.
Rekhoda lokho ongakufakazela. Lokho kusho isigxivizo sesikhathi ku-UTC nendawo yokuqala ebhaliwe, ikheli lomthombo, imbobo yomthombo, iphrothokholi kanye nesihlonzi sesicelo, nokuthi isenzo savela ku-akhawunti eqinisekisiwe noma esicelweni esingaziwa. Gcina irekhodi eliluhlaza, bese wenza ikhophi ehleliwe yomamukeli. Isithombe sesikrini siyinto engemihle yokuthatha indawo yomugqa wokuqala kurekhodi.
Izikhathi zokugcina zifushane futhi ziyahluka ngokomhlinzeki. Uma ubuza kusenesikhathi, kukhulu amathuba okuthi imephu isekhona, futhi leso yisizathu esiyinhloko sokubika ngokushesha ngisho noma usuvele wehlise inkinga.
Khetha isiteshi esingenza ngempela
Kuneziteshi ezintathu futhi azikwazi ukushintshana. Ideski lokuhlukumeza lomhlinzeki wokuphuma lingaphenya ikhasimende lalo futhi lingamisa i-akhawunti. Oxhumana naye kurejista yobubanzi bamakheli angakukhombisa umhlinzeki ofanele uma irekhodi ye-whois isidala noma ingeyomthengisi wokuhlela kabusha. Iziphathimandla zokugcina umthetho zibhekana nobugebengu obusolwayo, izinsongo kanye nokuphulwa okukhulu, futhi yisiteshi kuphela esingaphoqa ukudalulwa ezindaweni eziningi zomthetho.
| Channel | What it can do | What it cannot do |
|---|---|---|
| Exit operator abuse desk | Investigate, warn or suspend the account | Disclose a subscriber to a private complainant |
| Registry contact | Identify the network holder and its abuse address | Act on the incident itself |
| Law enforcement | Preserve and compel records under legal process | Move faster than your own mitigation |
Izimo ezimbili zikhetha isiteshi. Ingabe isigameko siyaqhubeka, okukhuthaza ukunciphisa kuqala nokubika ngasikhathi sinye, noma singesikhathi esidlule, okukhuthaza ukugcina ubufakazi ngaphambi kwanoma yini enye? Ingabe udinga ithrafikhi ime, okungathonywa yizintathu, noma udinga ubunikazi, okungatholakala kuphela ngendlela yezomthetho? Isimo sesithathu sinquma ukuthi kuthunyelwa imininingwane emingakanani: umhlinzeki ophethe indlela yokuphuma udinga imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe, kanti oxhumana naye kurejista udinga kuphela ububanzi bamakheli kanye nenkinga.
Uma isigameko kuwubugebengu obuqhubekayo, ideski lokuhlukumeza kanye neziphathimandla akuzona izindlela ezishintshanayo. Bika kukho kokubili, futhi wazise umhlinzeki ukuthi isicelo sezomthetho singalandela ukuze inqubomgomo yakhe yokugcina isebenze.
Bhala umbiko umamukeli angasebenza kuwo
Gcina umlayezo umfishane ngokwanele ukuthi ufundwe ngomzuzu. Isigaba esisodwa sisho ukuthi kwenzekeni futhi nini, ibhlokhi eyodwa ibala ubufakazi ngezigxivizo zikhathi eziqondile, umugqa owodwa usho ukuthi usuvele wenzani futhi umugqa owodwa usho ukuthi ucela ini. Beka isicelo senombolo yesithenjwa secala ekugcineni ukuze umhlaziyi omatasa aphendule ngenombolo esikhundleni sengxoxo.
Susa izimfihlo kukhophi oyithumayo. Amaphasiwedi, amathokheni esikhathi, idatha yomuntu siqu engahlobene namagama womsingathi wangaphakathi akusizi umamukeli futhi kwandisa ukuchayeka kwakho. Gcina ikhophi yokuqala engahleliwe endaweni enokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kanye ne-hash erekhodiwe uma isigameko singaba ubufakazi bezomthetho. Imiyalo engezansi iqoqa amaqiniso omphakathi mayelana nekheli ngaphambi kokuthi ubhale noma yini.
whois 198.51.100.7 | grep -iE 'orgname|netrange|abuse'
dig +short -x 198.51.100.7
grep '198.51.100.7' /var/log/nginx/access.log | head -n 20Faka ikheli oqaphele ngempela, futhi qaphela ukuthi ububanzi bemibhalo njengalokhu obungenhla ngeke kubuyisele irekhodi eliphilayo. Uma umphumela we-whois ubalula umhlinzeki wokusingatha esikhundleni sophawu lwe-VPN, lowo mhlinzeki uyena umamukeli ofanele, ngoba uphethe ukwabiwa kwekheli kanye nobudlelwano nekhasimende.
Phatha impendulo futhi gcina irekhodi
Ukuthula akusho ukuthi akukho okwenzekile. Abahlinzeki bavame ukusebenza ngombiko ngaphandle kokutshela umbiki, kokubili ngoba abakwazi ukudalula imininingwane yekhasimende nangoba inqubomgomo yabo ingase ikuvimbe. Ukuqinisekiswa okufushane okunenombolo yecala yikho okuphezulu okufanele ukulindele, futhi isicelo semininingwane eyengeziwe yezobuchwepheshe siyisibonakaliso esihle, hhayi ukubambezeleka.
Ungashicileli isimangalo ngakukheli noma umhlinzeki ngesikhathi umbiko uvuliwe. Ukubiza indlela yokuphuma eyabiwe njengenesenzo kujezisa wonke amanye amakhasimende aleyo ndlela futhi kungase kulimaze icala uma kamuva lifika enqubweni yezomthetho. Umhlahlandlela we-NIST wokusabela ezigamekweni uthatha umsuka kanye nokugcinwa kuyimfihlo kwamarekhodi ezigameko njengengxenye yokusabela, hhayi umsebenzi wamaphepha ngemuva kwalokho.
Vala umjikelezo kumarekhodi akho: uthumele ini, kubani, nini, futhi yini eshintshile ngenxa yalokho. Yilo mlando oshintsha isigameko esilandelayo sisuke esiphithiphithini siye enqubweni enesinyathelo sokuqala esaziwayo.