Ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha yomphakathi ne-VPN: okufanele ukuhlole kuqala
Ithubhu livikela indlela, hhayi umshini ezinhlangothini zombili. Nquma ukuthi ubani olawula isisindo, okusalayo kudiski nokuthi ungakuhoxisa kanjani ukufinyelela ngaphambi kokungena.
Umshini obolekiwe, umsebenzi ophuthumayo kanye neklayenti le-VPN elithembisa ukubethela konke: ukulandelana kubonakala kuphephile futhi akunjalo. Ithubhu livikela indlela phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili okugcina, futhi iphoyinti eliphambi kwakho yingxenye ongeke uyiqinisekise. Izinyathelo ezintathu ngezansi zinquma ukuthi idivayisi iyasebenza yini, ukuthi ugcina kanjani imininingwane yokungena kude nayo nokuthi wenzenjani ngemva kwalokho ukuze iseshini yesikhashana ingabi ikhophi yaphakade.
Ithubhu liqala ngemva kokuba isisindo sesibonile idatha
Ukubethela kwenzeka eklayentini le-VPN, elisebenza njengohlelo kumshini. Konke okungaphezu kwalolo hlelo, kuhlanganise nesiphequluli, uhlelo lokusebenza kanye nanoma isiphetho noma idrayiveri enokufinyelela okwanele, kusingatha idatha yakho ngaphambi kokuba ibethelwe. Lokhu akulona iphutha kuphrothokholi; lena yindawo lapho iphrothokholi ikhona.
Ngakho-ke ukuhlola ikheli lokuphuma akufakazeli cishe lutho ngomhlinzeki womsindo. Umshini ungadlulisa konke ukuxhumana ngomfula ohlanzekile futhi uloge konke ukucindezela kwezinkinobho, futhi lezi zinto ezimbili aziphikisani.
Uhlaka olusizo ukubuza ukuthi isisindo singabona ini, hhayi ukuthi inethiwekhi ingenzeni. Kumshini oliganyiswa omunye umuntu, lelo qoqo likhulu kunalokho ongakubala.
Isinyathelo sokuqala: thola ukuthi ubani olawula idivayisi
Ukulawula kuwumbuzo wamalungelo okuphatha nokufinyelela komzimba, hhayi umbuzo wokuhlonipha. Uma omunye umuntu engakwazi ukufaka isofthiwe, alayishe idrayiveri, axhume idivayisi noma abuyisele isithombe, ukuziphatha kukamshini akusiyo into ongayithola ngokuyibuka. Ukuphatha kuyikhono, futhi amakhono awaveli kusithombe-skrini. Buza umuntu okunikeze umshini.
Funa izimpawu ezijwayelekile, futhi ubheke ngayinye njengobufakazi mayelana nokulawula hhayi njengobufakazi bokuphepha. Akukho kuzo okunqumayo kukodwa.
- I-akhawunti yesivakashi noma ye-kiosk engakwazi ukufaka isofthiwe iyindawo yokuqala engcono kune-akhawunti yomphathi omunye akunikeze yona.
- Idivayisi ephethwe enomnikazi owaziwayo noxhumana lokusekela ingcono kunethiminali engagadiwe, ngisho noma ithiminali ibukeka ihlanzekile.
- Umshini lapho ungeke uthole khona ukuthi ubani ongene ekugcineni ungowo umshini ongakwazi ukuchaza isimo sawo.
Akukho kulokhu kuhlola okwenza isisindo esabiwe sithembeke. Zikutshela ukuthi ingozi ilinganiselwe ngokwanele yini ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi olinganiselwe, okuwumbuzo ohlukile futhi othembekile. Bhala impendulo ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.
Isinyathelo sesibili: gcina imininingwane yokungena kude nomsindo
Iphrofayela ephilayo ayilona ibhukhmakhi. Iphrofayela ye-OpenVPN ingaqukatha izitifiketi ezishumekiwe nokhiye wangasese, futhi ukuyingenisa kubhala leyo mpahla kudivayisi engeyona eyakho. Kuyafana ngeseshini yesiphequluli egcina ikhukhi, kanye nanoma yimuphi umphathi wamagama-mfihlo ogcina isigcibelo sendawo.
| Decision | Safe default | What it buys you |
|---|---|---|
| Which device to use | One you control, or an approved managed device | A host whose software you can account for |
| Which account to sign in with | A session that does not persist, with a second factor | Limited exposure if the machine retains state |
| What to install | Nothing; use the browser and the service's own portal | No profile or client left behind for the next user |
| What to do afterwards | Sign out everywhere and revoke sessions from a trusted device | An end to access that does not depend on local cleanup |
Khetha ukufinyelela okuhlala isikhathi esifushane kunakho konke okusekelwa yisevisi. Ingosi yewebhu eqinisekisa iseshini ngayinye futhi idinga isici sesibili ishiya okuncane kuneklayenti ledeskithophu elinephrofayela egciniwe, futhi iseshini ephela lapho isiphequluli sivalwa ingcono kunaleyo ehlala ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha.
Bese uhlola ukuthi umshini ugcina ini. Kusisindo esabiwe se-Linux indawo yephrofayela kulula ukuyihlola, kanti ku-Windows ukusesha okulingana kuthatha umyalo owodwa. Ukuthola iphrofayela yomsebenzisi wangaphambili kuyisikhumbuzo esisizayo sokuthi eyakho izophathwa ngendlela efanayo.
ls -la ~/.config/openvpn 2>/dev/null
Get-ChildItem -Path $HOME -Recurse -Filter *.ovpn -ErrorAction SilentlyContinueIsinyathelo sesithathu: qeda ukufinyelela endaweni oyithembayo
Ukuhlanza endaweni kufanelekile futhi akwanele. Phuma kusevisi, vala isiphequluli, susa noma iyiphi ifayela elandisiwe, bese wenza isinyathelo esibaluleke ngempela: hoxisa iseshini noma imininingwane yokungena kudivayisi oyilawulayo.
Yilesi senzo sokugcina abantu abasigxumayo, ngoba isikrini sendawo sibukeka sihlanzekile. Ithokheni yeseshini ekhophishwe isofthiwe kusisindo iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngemva kokuba usuhambile, futhi ayinandaba nokuthi isiphequluli besivaliwe. Ukuhoxisa kuyisinyathelo kuphela esicabanga ukuthi isisindo kungenzeka sasilukhuni. Futhi yisona kuphela esisebenza uma kwakunjalo.
Uma ukhiye wangasese noma imfihlo yokubuyisela ithinte umshini, kubheka njengokudaluliwe futhi ukushintsha esikhundleni sokuhlola amakhophi. Ku-akhawunti esebenzise isici sesibili, buyekeza futhi amadivayisi namaseshini akhonjiswe umhlinzeki, ngoba ithokheni ekhishwe ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho ingase isasebenza.
Bhala umphumela usemusha: iyiphi idivayisi, iyiphi i-akhawunti, ini elafakwa, ini elahoxiswa futhi nini. Lelo nothi yilona elivumela umuntu olandelayo ukuphendula umbuzo owodwa obalulekile ngemva kwalokho: ukuthi ingabe kukhona okusenokufinyelela.
Idivayisi engaphansi kokulawulwa kwangasese nayo idinga ukunakekelwa, futhi ikunikeza isisekelo sokuphatha iphoyinti lokugcina ithiminali ebolekiwe engeke yenze. Ithubhu kwakuyingxenye elula.