Igama le-DNS eliyimfihlo noma i-IP nje? Nquma ngaphambi kokwabelana ngalo

Khetha igama endleleni yesixazululi kanye nomthetho wokufinyelela emthonjeni otholakala yisevisi. Lezi yizinqumo ezimbili ezihlukene, futhi ngayinye inokuhlolwa kwayo.

Imibuzo emibili iyahlangana lapho isevisi eyimfihlo ivulelwa abasebenzisi abakude. Eyokuqala ukuthi yiliphi igama abakhasimende okufanele balisebenzise; eyesibili ukuthi yimiphi imithombo isevisi okufanele iyivume. Phendula ngokulandelana kwalokho, ngoba igama elilungile ngemuva komthetho wokufinyelela ongafanele lisehluleka, futhi umthetho olungile ngemuva kwegama elingaxazululeki awukaze uhlolwe.

Isimo sokuqala: abakhasimende banayiphi indlela yesixazululi?

Igama eliyimfihlo lisebenza kuphela uma isixazululi sekhasimende sikwazi ukuliphendula. Lokho kusho ukuthi ikhasimende elikude eligunyaziwe kufanele lifinyelele kuseva ye-DNS ephethe isifunda, kungaba ngomhubhe noma ngesixazululi isinhlangano esivele isisebenzisa kubasebenzisi abakude. Umhubhe uwukuthutha, akuwona uhlu lwemiyalo. Unikeza ikhasimende indlela eya kusixazululi, futhi awulitsheli ukuthi yisiphi isifunda okufanele sibuze ngaso.

resolvectl query files.corp.example
dig @10.20.30.10 +short files.corp.example

Isixazululi somphakathi ngeke sifunde isifunda esiyimfihlo ngenxa nje yokuthi ikhompyutha ephathekayo ixhumeke ku-VPN.

Isijobelelo nawo sifanele ukunakwa okufanayo. Sebenzisa isizinda esincane sesizinda esilawulwa yisinhlangano, ukuze ubunikazi nokuhlelwa kwezitifiketi kuhlale kucacile. Gwema .local: isicacisi se-multicast DNS sihlanganisa leso sijobelelo nokuxazululwa kwe-link-local, futhi umhubhe ohleliwe awukuphindi lokho kuziphatha kuwe.

Isimo sesibili: isevisi ithola umthombo muni?

Imitherho yokufinyelela ibhalwa yamukela amakheli, ngakho umbuzo owusizo ukuthi yiliphi ikheli isevisi elibonayo ngemuva kokuhlela nokuhumusha. Ngesevisi yisibonelo ku-10.20.30.40, amakhasimende asehhovisi avela ku-10.20.30.0/24 kanti amakhasimende akude avela eqoqweni elihlukile njenge-10.99.0.0/24.

Uma isango lihumusha iqoqo elikude, isevisi ibona umhumushi, futhi umthetho obhalelwe i-10.99.0.0/24 ngeke uhambisane.

Funda lokhu ohlangothini lwesevisi hhayi ohlangothini lwekhasimende. Ilogi yomlaleli noma ukubanjwa kwamaphakethe kusibungu sesevisi kukhombisa umthombo owafika ngempela; ikheli lekhasimende uqobo lwalo luwukuqagela nje ngalokho okwasinda endleleni.

Isimo sesithathu: igama lihlobene nesevisi noma nesibungu?

Igama elikhomba ekhelini lomshini owodwa lihlanganisa wonke amakhasimende nalowo mshini. Igama elikhomba esilinganisweni somthwalo noma ekhelini lesevisi elizinzile liyasinda lapho isibungu esingemuva sishintshwa. Khetha ngamabomu, ngoba ukushintsha lokhu kamuva kusho ukushintsha izimpawu zekhasi zekhasimende ngakunye kanye nesihloko sesitifiketi ngasinye.

Ngesevisi eyodwa yangaphakathi, irekhodi eliqondile livame ukulunga futhi kulula ukucabanga ngalo.

Kukho konke okuzoshintshwa, kwakhiwe kabusha noma kukhuliswe, ingaphambili elizinzile kufanele ukulungiselelwa okungeziwe. Ukuhlolwa kulula: uma ungakwazi ukushintsha ingemuva ngaphandle kokutshela abasebenzisi, igama lihlobene nesevisi; uma ungakwazi, lihlobene nesibungu.

Hlola izinqumo ezimbili ngokwehlukana

Xazulula kuqala, bese uxhuma. Ukuhlolwa kokuxazulula okubuyisela ikheli elilindelekile kufakazela indlela yegama futhi akusho lutho ngokufinyelela. Ukuhlolwa kokuxhumana kufakazela indlela nomthetho ndawonye, ngakho kukusebenze kuphela ngemuva kokuphumelela kokuxazulula.

curl -sv --max-time 5 https://files.corp.example/health

Bese uhlola umthombo ovinjelwe kanye, futhi urekhode umphumela.

Gcina amarekhodi amabili ehlukene emibhalweni yakho: igama nesifunda salo, imithombo evunyelwe kanye nomnikazi womthetho. Uma okunye kushintsha, okunye akudingeki kushintshe.

Lapho isinqumo sivame ukungahambi kahle

Ukwehluleka okuvamile isevisi eshicilelwe ngaphansi kwegama elixazululeka kuphela kunethiwekhi yasehhovisi, nomthetho wokufinyelela ovuma kuphela ibanga lasehhovisi. Abasebenzisi abakude bese bebika isevisi ephukile okuyikho empeleni ukweqiwa okubili okuhlukene. Ukwehluleka kwesibili okuvamile kungokuphambene: umthetho wokufinyelela obanzi owengezwe ukuze kuqedwe inkinga yegama ushiya isevisi ifinyeleleka emithonjeni okungelona ubani owayeyihlosile. Kokubili ukweqiwa kokuhlelwa, futhi esihlalweni somsebenzisi kubonakala kufana.

Awekho amaphutha akwazi ukubonakala ohlolweni olulodwa oluphumelele. Yingakho izinqumo ezimbili zifanele amarekhodi ahlukene nokuhlolwa okuhlukene, ngisho noma umuntu oyedwa enza kokubili.

Bhala kokubili ngaphambi kokuthi isevisi iqale, ngoba ushintsho olulandela luzoba lula ukucabanga ngalo. Irekhodi lifushane: umugqa owodwa wegama nesifunda salo, umugqa owodwa wemithombo evunyelwe kanye nomnikazi womthetho.

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