sudo, &, -b noma --daemon: indlela yokufaka i-OpenVPN client kungemuva

Kukhulumeni okuthi ‘yisebenzise ngemuva’ kufihlile imibuzo emibili. Eyokuqala ukuthi ingabe lo msebenzisi angakwazi ukuqala inqubo enelungelo; eyesibili ukuthi ingabe isikhathi sengingxoxo singaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuthi othile abhale ku-terminal. I-ampersand ye-shell ayiphenduli kokubili, futhi iskripthi esigcina igama lokugqitha le-sudo kusiguquguquki siphendula kabi eyokuqala futhi sishiya eyesibili ingathintiwe. Zihlukanise, khona-ke izinketho zizoba lula ukuziqhathanisa.

Qhathanisa abantu abathathu abangenele ukhetho ngobunikazi, hhayi ngokulula.

Izindlela ezintathu zokushiya i-terminal, abanikazi abathathu abehlukene

Ukufaka i-ampersand kumyalo kucela i-shell ukuthi iwusebenzise njengomsebenzi wangemuva, futhi umsebenzi usengowale shell. I-sudo ingabuza ngisho ngaphambi kokuthi uhlelo luqale, futhi OpenVPN ingabuza ngemuva kwalokho mayelana nomusho wokugqitha wokhiye noma ukungena. Ukubeka umyalo olindele okokufaka ngemuva kudala inqubo elindele i-terminal okungekho muntu oyibukayo. I-terminal iyakhululwa; ukusebenzisana akukhululwa.

Leyo iyinketho eshibhile kakhulu futhi eyahluleka ngendlela edida kakhulu, ngoba umbuzo uvela endaweni umsebenzi wokusebenza aseyishiyile.

I-sudo -b ayisona isiphathi sobufakazi

sudo -b isebenzisa umyalo ngemuva ngokombono we-sudo uqobo, okuzwakala njengegama elilahlekile kodwa akunjalo. Ngokwencwadi ye-sudo, imiyalo yokusebenzisana ivamise ukuziphatha kabi kuleyo modi, futhi ukulawulwa kwemisebenzi kwe-shell akukwazi ukuphatha izinqubo eziyidalayo. Ihambisa inqubo ngaphandle kokuyinikeza indlela yokuphendula imibuzo. Akukho lutho kuyo okunikeza umusho wokugqitha wokhiye wangasese noma ukungena kwesango.

Uma uxhumano ludinga ukusebenzisana, isisombululo siwuhlelo lokuhlola ubunikazi olusekelekile olungasebenzisani, hhayi enye indlela yokuqalisa umbuzo ofanayo.

--daemon ishintsha uhlelo, hhayi ukungena

--daemon icela i-OpenVPN uqobo ukuthi ihlukane ngemuva kokuqaliswa. Incwadi ye-2.6 iphawula ukuthi ukuqondiswa kabusha kwe-syslog kwenzeka lapho inketho ihlaziywa, nakuba ukuhlukana kwenzeka kamuva, ngakho imilayezo ingase iyeke ukuvela ku-terminal ngaphambi kokuba kulindeleke. Ukuthula ngemuva kwalelo phuzu akufakazeli lutho mayelana nomhubhe. Engeza --log noma --log-append ecacile ukuze okuphumayo kufike endaweni ongakwazi ukuyifunda.

Imodi ye-daemon iphinde isuse i-console unomphela. Ukhiye wangasese ovikelwe udinga askpass kuleyo modi, futhi ubufakazi obufakwe ku-console kanye nezinketho ze-cache kungase kushiye ukuqinisekiswa kabusha kwamuva kungenandawo yokubuza. Hlola imodeli yokuhlola ubunikazi ngokuqhathanisa nenguqulo efakiwe ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange ukuthi ukuqala kwangemuva kuzosinda ekunwetshweni kokhiye kokuqala.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-sudo kunikezani futhi akunikezani

sudo -v kuqinisekisa noma kuvuselela ubufakazi basendaweni obugciniwe, kuqinisekisa uma inqubomgomo idinga. Akukuqali i-OpenVPN, akukuhloli ubunikazi nesango, futhi akuqinisekisi ukuthi umyalo wamuva kuskripthi uzovunyelwa. sudo -n kusho okuphambene: ungabuza, yehluleka. Lokho kwenza ukwehluleka kokugunyazwa kwangaphakathi kucace, okuwusizo, futhi akusho lutho mayelana nalokho i-OpenVPN ezokubuza kamuva.

Akukho kulezi zinketho okuyisizathu sokunikeza wonke umuntu imiyalo engenalo igama lokugqitha noma ukufaka igama lokugqitha lomlawuli kuskripthi.

Khetha umnikazi ongabukwa

Kumhubhe ophethwe umshini, sebenzisa i-instance yesevisi esekelwa ukusatshalaliswa. Umnikazi onjalo unikeza ukuqala, ukumisa, isimo namalogi, futhi uhlala ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sakho. Ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwangemuva kwe-shell, i-daemonization kanye nomjikelezo wokuqala kabusha elinye lizungeze elinye kudala abanikazi abathathu kumhubhe owodwa futhi akukho mpendulo ecacile ukuthi yikuphi okusebenzayo.

Noma yini oyikhethayo, qinisekisa insiza okhona ngayo umhubhe. Isicelo sokuqala esiphumelelayo siyisigameko senqubo, hhayi ubufakazi boxhumano olusebenzayo.