Isikhombi esifushane se-VPN ye-NetworkManager: ukuxhuma nokunqamula ngokwehlukana

Izikhombi ezimfushane ezimbili zisusa ukuqagela okufanele kubhekane naso isishintshi esisodwa se-VPN: esisodwa sixhuma njalo, esinye sinqamula njalo. Izikhombi ezimfushane ezimbili zisusa ukungaqondakali: esisodwa sicela uxhumano njalo, esinye sicela ukunqanyulwa njalo. Zombili zikhomba iphrofayela efanayo egciniwe nge-UUID yayo.

Landela ukusethwa ngokulandelana okungezansi. Hlola umyalo ngamunye kutheminali ngaphambi kokuwubopha, ngoba isikhombi esifushane asiyindawo enhle yokuthola isicelo ongakwazi ukusibona.

Thola i-UUID, hhayi igama lephrofayela

Bhala ukuxhumana okugciniwe kuseshini yakho evamile yedeskithophu bese ukopisha i-UUID ye-VPN ehlosiwe. Igama lingelabantu; amaphrofayela amabili agciniwe angabelana ngalinye, futhi iphrofayela esusiwe futhi engeniswa kabusha ithola isihlonzi esisha.

nmcli connection show
nmcli connection show "Office VPN" | grep -i uuid

Gcina i-UUID encazelweni yesikhombi esifushane esikhundleni segama elibonisiwe. Uma iphrofayela ishintshwa kamuva, buyekeza izikhombi zombili ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngoba isihlonzi esidala sidala isenzo Xhuma esihlulekayo kuyilapho Nqamula sisabhekise entweni endala. Yingakho zombili izenzo zisebenzisa inani elifanayo. Thatha i-UUID njengobuqhobo bephrofayela.

Qinisekisa ukuthi iphrofayela iyi-VPN ye-NetworkManager hhayi i-daemon yomthengisi enesevisi yayo. Iklayenti yomthengisi idinga isixhumanisi sayo sokuphatha esisekelwayo; i-nmcli ngeke ilawule ithaneli engayona eyayo. Hlola uhlobo lokuxhumana uma igama lingacacile. Ithaneli eliphethwe enye i-daemon ngeke livele ohlwini olufanayo.

Hlola imiyalo emibili kutheminali kuqala

Cela ukuxhumana ngokusebenzisana, qedela ukungena okuvunyelwe futhi ufinyelele insiza eyimfihlo oyidinga ngempela. Bese unqamula ngomyalo ohambisanayo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-VPN yehla ngaphandle kokuthatha isixhumanisi se-Wi-Fi noma se-Ethernet esingaphansi.

nmcli --ask connection up uuid 11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555
nmcli connection down uuid 11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555

Zisebenzise njengezenzo ezimbili ezihlukene. Zishintsha isimo sokuxhumana; azichithi iphrofayela futhi azilungisi izilungiselelo zayo. Gcina umphumela wetheminali wokuqala ukuze wazi ukuthi ukulandelana kwesicelo esivamile kubukeka kanjani. Lowo mbhalo wenza indlela yesikhombi esifushane ibikeke.

Ungakuhloli ukunqamula ngendlela yakho eyodwa yokuphatha kude. Uma i-VPN ithwala iseshini yakho, ukunqamula okuphumelelayo kuphelisa nokufinyelela kwakho, futhi ukubuyisa kudinga indlela engaxhomekeki kwithaneli. Gcina ikhonsoli yasendaweni noma isixhumanisi sesibili sikhona.

Bopha izikhombi ezimbili ezinamagama ku-UUID efanayo

Kuzilungiselelo zekhibhodi zedeskithophu, dala izenzo ezimbili ezinamagama acacile, isibonelo Xhuma ku-VPN Yesikhashana kanye Nqamula ku-VPN Yesikhashana. Yabela izinhlanganisela zekhibhodi ezihlukene bese unamathisela i-UUID ehloliwe kuyo yomibili imiyalo.

Ziqambe ngomqondo hhayi ngesimo. Isikhombi esibizwa ngokuthi Shintsha senza ukucindezela okulandelayo kungabikeki; Xhuma no-Nqamula kuchaza ngqo lokho okuzocelwa. Lokho kwenza uhlu lwezikhombi luzichazele. Ukucindezela okungalungile kusenza okuthile okubikekayo.

Uma ideskithophu isebenzisa iziqalisi ze-desktop-entry, khumbula ukuthi isiqalisi asabi itheminali ngokuzenzakalela. Umyalo odinga okokufaka okusebenzisanayo uzolinda lapho kungekho ongaphendula khona.

Beka isicelo sokuqinisekisa lapho ungase usibone khona

Ngaphandle --ask, i-nmcli icela i-ejenti yezimfihlo esebenzayo imininingwane yokungena engekho. Leyo yindlela efanele uma ideskithophu isivele isebenza ngokuqinisekisa kwale-VPN futhi i-ejenti ingabonisa isicelo sayo. Hlola umyalo olula wokuthi Xhuma ngqo kusukela kusikhombi ngaphambi kokucabanga ukuthi uyasebenza.

Uma i-VPN idinga ukusebenzisana kutheminali, lungiselela isikhombi ukuthi sivule uhlelo lwetheminali lwedeskithophu futhi sisebenzise umyalo wokusebenzisana lapho. Izimpikiswano zokuqalisa ziyahluka phakathi kwezinhlelo zetheminali, ngakho sebenzisa ifomu elibhaliwe lalelo elifakiwe.

Kumuhlu wedeskithophu, Terminal=true ucela iwindi letheminali futhi Terminal=false awuceli. Akukho silungiselelo okuyisizathu sokuphatha iphasiwedi emgqeni womyalo, ukunikeza i-sudo ngaphandle kwephasiwedi noma ukweqa inqubomgomo yokuqinisekisa yenhlangano.

Hlola ukulungela ngemuva kokucindezela ikhibhodi

Ukucindezela kwekhibhodi kusho ukuthi ucele ukusebenza. Akufakazi ukuthi ukuqinisekisa kuphelile, imizila ifakiwe noma i-DNS eyimfihlo iyaphendula. Hlola isimo sokuxhumana bese uhlola insiza yangempela eyimfihlo.

Funda isimo ngokusebenzisa iklayenti engumnikazi esikhundleni sokuqhathanisa umusho ohunyushiwe. Umbhalo ofundwa abantu uyashintsha ngolimi, futhi umshini ungaba nama-VPN angaphezu kwelilodwa, ngakho ukuqhathanisa kwezinhlamvu kungabika iphrofayela engalungile noma kuphuthelwe isimo sesikhashana.

Uma enye i-automation ixhuma i-VPN kabusha, vumelanisa nayo nesikhombi sokuthi Nqamula. Abanikazi ababili abahlehlelayo bakha ukuxhumana okubonakala kunganaki ukucindezela kwekhibhodi, kuyilapho inkinga yangempela ingumbango womgomo.

Bhala i-UUID, imiyalo yomibili kanye nokuhlolwa kokulungela kumanothi akho. Ukushintshwa kwephrofayela noma ukuthuthukiswa kwedeskithophu okulandelayo kutholakala kalula uma isihlonzi nendlela ehlosiwe yesicelo sekuvele kubhaliwe.