IPv6 nge-VPN: i-prefix edlulisiwe akusilo ichibi lamakheli

Ngolunye usuku kufika izicelo ezimbili: i-laptop idinga i-IPv6 nge-tunnel, futhi isayithi elincane lifuna i-IPv6 yamadivayisi angemuva kwe-router yalo. Zombili ziphendulwa ngekheli, futhi eyesibili ichitha iviki lonke yehluleka. Izindima zihlukile, kanjalo nezinqubo, ukulungiselelwa kanye nokuhlolwa okufakazela ukuthi kuyasebenza. Le ncwadi yokuhola ihlukanisa zombili.

Isinyathelo sokuqala: ncika ukuthi usebenza yiphi indima

Isibambi esisodwa sidinga ikheli elilodwa kwi-interface ye-tunnel yaso, umzila oya ohlangothini olukude futhi akukho lutho ngaphansi okufanele kufakwe izinombolo. I-router engemuva kwe-tunnel idinga inethiwekhi ephelele engayabela, kanye nomzila ohlangothini olukude obuyisela lawo makheli kuyo. Okungemuva kwe-tunnel yikho okunquma isinqumo ngasinye esilandelayo.

Phendula lowo mbuzo ngaphambi kokuvula noma yikuphi ukulungiselelwa. Konke ngemuva kwalesi sinyathelo kuncike ekutheni waphendula ngaluphi.

Isinyathelo sesibili: ukwabiwa kwamakheli esibambi esisodwa

Aba ikheli le-tunnel, qinisekisa ubude be-prefix obulindelwe umkhiqizo, futhi uhlole ukuthi iklayenti lifaka umzila webanga elikude esikhundleni sokuwuthumela ku-gateway ezenzakalelayo yasendaweni. I-/128 ku-interface ye-tunnel ijwayelekile kuxhumano lwephoyinti-kuya-kwephoyinti, kuyilapho i-/64 lapho ifuna inethiwekhi okungekho oyidlulisile. Imiphumela emibili inquma umbuzo: ithebula lamakheli nethebula lemizila, efundwa kuzo zombili iziphetho. Zifunde ndawonye, ngoba umzila okhomba ku-interface engalungile iyiphutha elivame kakhulu kulesi sinyathelo.

Qinisekisa ngamathebula amakheli nemizila kuzo zombili iziphetho, bese uthumela isicelo esisodwa. Uma isicelo siphuma kahle futhi akukho lutho olubuyayo, iphutha lisekuzileni kohlangothi olukude hhayi ekhelini leklayenti.

Isinyathelo sesithathu: ukudlulisela ku-router engemuva kwe-tunnel

Ukudlulisela i-prefix kuyinqubo ehlukile ekwabeni amakheli, enesicelo sayo kanye nokuqashwa kwayo. Uhlangothi oludlulisayo kufanele lulungiselelwe ukunikeza i-prefix enkulu ngokwanele inethiwekhi engaphansi, futhi i-router ecela kufanele ifake izinombolo ku-interface yayo yangaphakathi isuka kuleyo prefix.

Ungacabangi ukuthi ichibi elisebenza amaklayenti eselula lingadlulisela. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-VPN yabela amakheli awodwa futhi ayinayo indima yokudlulisela nhlobo, futhi i-prefix yomhlinzeki efika emaphethelweni akho ayidluliselwa ngokuzenzakalela kumlingani. Bhala ukuthi yiphi indima ichibi ngasinye esiyisebenzayo, ngoba zombili zilungiselelwa ezindaweni ezihlukile.

Isinyathelo sesine: yenza umzila wokubuyela ube sobala

Iziphetho zombili kufanele zivumelane ukuthi imuphi umlingani othwala iyiphi i-prefix. Ohlangothini olukude, engeza umzila wenethiwekhi edlulisiwe okhomba ku-tunnel, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi awukho ububanzi obugqagqene obuwufunayo kakade.

I-prefix evumelekile engenawo umzila wokubuyela ikhiqiza uhlelo lokwaba amakheli oluhle futhi akukho ukuxhumana. Umzila ongenawo umthetho wokufinyelela uveza okuningi kwesayithi kunalokho obekuhlosiwe, ngakho hlanganisa lezi zinguquko ezimbili efasiteleni elilodwa futhi ugcine isimo esisetshenziswe ngokwengxenye kude nabasebenzisi.

Isinyathelo sesihlanu: qinisekisa ngemuva kwe-router

Yenza izivivinyo ngokulandelana: ikheli le-interface ye-tunnel kuklayenti, i-prefix edlulisiwe ku-interface yangaphakathi, umzila wohlangothi olukude oya kuleyo prefix, futhi ekugcineni isicelo esivela kudivayisi engemuva kwe-router. Sebenzisa indawo oyilawulayo ukuze ukuvinjelwa okuthule kuhlukaniswe nomzila ongekho. Noma yisiphi isinyathelo esikuthusayo, yiso okufanele silungiswe ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

Yenza isivivinyo sokugcina kabili, kanye kusuka ku-router ngokwayo futhi kanye kusuka kudivayisi engemuva kwayo. I-router efinyelela indawo ngenkathi amaklayenti ayo engakwazi ukufinyelela iyinkinga yokudlulisela noma yokudlulisa, hhayi inkinga ephezulu.

Ukubuyisela emuva

Gcina ukulungiselelwa kwamakheli kwangaphambilini ngaphambi koshintsho, futhi bhala ukuthi yikuphi kulezi zinqubo ezimbili osikushintshile. Ukususa i-prefix edlulisiwe ngaphandle kokususa umzila kushiya umgodi omnyama, futhi ukususa umzila ngaphandle kwe-prefix kushiya amakheli okungekho okungafinyelela kuwo. Bhala izinguquko ezimbili ngokwehlukana, ngoba ukubuyisela enye ngenkathi enye isasele kwenza isayithi singafinyeleleki ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.

Uma umkhiqizo ubonakala ungayisekeli indima oyidingayo, yima futhi ushintshe umklamo esikhundleni sokwelula inkambu yeklayenti ukuze ibambe ububanzi obungakaze buhloselwe yona. Icala losekelo eliphendulwa ngenqubo engalungile libiza kakhulu kunalokho obekuzobiza ushintsho lomklamo.