Iyiphi i-openvpn binary esebenzayo? Hlola indlela yokuqalisa

Isixazululo sakudala sathutha ifayela elisebenzayo le-OpenVPN waya kwenye indawo futhi sashiya isembozo se-shell endleleni yasekuqaleni. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva kufika isibuyekezo, futhi ukuhlehlisa isixazululo kuba umdlalo wokuqagela ukuthi iyiphi ifayela oyiqiniso iklayenti. Igama lomyalo, ifayela elisebenzayo elilungiselelwe kusevisi kanye nohlu lwamafayela lwephakethe ngokwalo konke kungakhomba ezintweni ezihlukene, futhi ukulungisa okukodwa ngaphandle kwamanye kukhiqiza umhambi obonakala elungisiwe futhi oziphatha kabi kakhulu.

Qala ngendlela eqaliswa yisevisi

Ithemini kanye neyunithi ye-systemd akuzixazululi ngendlela efanayo izinto ezisebenzayo. I-shell ifuna ku-PATH; iyunithi isho indlela, futhi ukushintshwa kwe-drop-in kungayishintsha ngaphandle kokuthinta ifayela olifundayo. Lowo mehluko uchaza iningi lokudideka kulo msebenzi. Futhi unquma ukuthi ukulungisa kwakho kufanele kuqondise kwiphi ifayela.

Buza iyunithi ukuthi iqalisa ini, kuhlanganise nama-drop-in ayishintshayo, futhi funda umugqa we-ExecStart ophumayo esikhundleni sesiqephu ocabanga ukuthi sinesikhundla. Bese ulandela leyondlela ngokusebenzisa noma yisiphi isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso kuze kufike efayeleni lokugcina. Isembozo esigcina nge-exec singene kusibonisi esifihlekile siyisakhiwo esivamile salezi zilungiso zakudala.

Bhala phansi indlela exazululiwe ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini.

systemctl cat [email protected] | grep -n 'ExecStart'
readlink -f "$(command -v openvpn)"

Qhathanisa igama lomyalo nendlela yesevisi

Izimpendulo ezimbili zivame ukwehluka, futhi lowo mehluko awusona ngokuzenzakalelayo iphutha. Ingxenye yokunye ye-NetworkManager ingaqalisa eyayo indlela, futhi ikhonteyina ingagxumeka enye.

Okubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yimuphi umnikazi oqalisa inqubo esebenzela ithrafikhi. Uma iyunithi iqalisa i-/usr/local/sbin/openvpn-wrapper kuyilapho i-shell yakho ixazulula i-/usr/sbin/openvpn, ukulungisa ifayela lesibili akushintshi lutho kusevisi.

Buza ukuthi yiliphi iphakethe eliphethe umfakisicelo ngamunye, bese unquma ukuthi ifayela liphethwe yiphakethe noma libekwe endaweni. Ifayela elingenalo iphakethe eliliphethe liyifayela umuntu alibeka lapho ngamabomu, futhi lifanele igama, umnikazi kanye nesizathu ngaphambi kokususwa. Iphutha elihlanekezelwe livamile futhi: ukubhala phezu kwefayela lephakethe nge-binary yakudala egciniwe ngoba umbhalo weforamu wasebenzisa isibonisi esifanayo.

Vumela isizindalwazi samaphakethe sikhulume ngamafayela ephakethe

Lapho isoftweyezi ivela kwiphakethe le-Debian, isizindalwazi samaphakethe singakutshela ukuthi amafayela aso asahambisana yini nalokho okwafakiwe. Lona umbuzo omncane wokuphelela, hhayi isinqumo sezokuphepha, futhi umehluko ubalulekile lapho unquma ukuthi yini okufanele ilungiswe. Ukungahambisani kusho ukuthi ifayela lashintsha ngemuva kokufakwa, okungenzeka kube yisixazululo sakho sakudala noma ukuhlela kwendawo okusemthethweni. Umphumela awunqumi ukuthi yikuphi, ngakho uwufunde njengophawu hhayi njengesiphetho.

Qalisa ukuqinisekisa futhi ufunde umphumela esikhundleni sokuthatha umphumela ongenalutho njengobufakazi banoma yini.

dpkg -S /usr/sbin/openvpn
dpkg --verify openvpn

Incwadi ye-dpkg ibhala ukuthi ukuqinisekisa kuqhathanisa amafayela afakiwe nemethadatha erekhodiwe endaweni, kusetshenziswa ama-checksum agciniwe lapho ekhona. Ibona ifayela lephakethe elishintshiwe, futhi ayikwazi ukukutshela ukuthi kukhona enye i-binary eqaliswayo esikhundleni salo.

Rekhoda isimo ngaphambi kokulungisa

Qoqa indlela yokuqalisa exazululiwe, ubudlelwane befayela nephakethe, indawo yesembozo kanye nerekhodi loshintsho elayiletha. Kopisha isembozo endaweni evikelekile uma siqukethe umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ozodingeka kamuva.

Unganamatheli okuqukethwe kwesembozo emseleni wokusekela ngaphambi kokusifunda, ngoba lezi skripthi ngezinye izikhathi zithwala ubufakazi noma imininingwane yesango.

Rekhoda ukuthi isevisi isebenzisa amaphrofayili amuphi nokuthi ubani oxhunyiwe ngenkathi usebenza, ngoba ukuqalisa kabusha ithuneli kungaphazamisa isikhathi osisebenzisayo ukuphatha umhambi.

Qinisekisa ukuqalisa, bese ususa isembozo

Ngemuva kokulungisa, qalisa isevisi futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inqubo isebenza ngendlela obuyihlose. Umbuzo wenguqulo oqaliswa ngesandla ufakazela ukuthi ifayela liyasebenza; awufakazeli ukuthi iyunithi iyalisebenzisa.

Bese uxhuma iklayenti futhi uhlole ukuthi iphrofayili isaqinisekisa yini, ngoba ukushintshwa kwe-binary okungazinaki izinketho zasekuqaleni kuzohluleka ngendlela ebukeka njengenkinga yesitifiketi.

Susa isembozo esisusiwe ngokusebenzisa irekhodi loshintsho elilinganayo elayiletha. Ukulungisa okuqediwe kusho ukuthi iyiphi into esebenzayo eqaliswayo, kungani, nokuthi yiliphi ifayela elisusiwe; ukubuyisela igama lefayela nokuthemba akuyona into efanayo.