Ukulungisa ukunqamuka kwe-VPN ngesikhathi sokungenzi lutho: uhlu lokuhlola lokonga amandla e-Wi-Fi

Hamba ngokunqamuka kwe-VPN ngesikhathi sokungenzi lutho ngokulandelana: qinisekisa isikhathi, hlukanisa umsakazo nomhubhe, funda isimo sangempela sokonga amandla, bese ushintsha isilungiselelo esisodwa futhi uhlole futhi.

Umhubhe wakho uyafa ngemva kokuba ikhompyutha ephathwayo ihlezi ingathintwanga isikhathi esithile, futhi ubuya ngesikhathi osithinta ngaso iphedi yokuthinta. Leli phatheni likhomba ekutheni isixhumanisi esingenantambo singena ekongeni amandla, hhayi ukuthi isango le-VPN linqaba ubufakazi bakho. Ukusekuseni okumatasa kwiprofayela efanayo kuwubufakazi: umhubhe uyaphila ngesikhathi ithrafikhi ihamba futhi uyawa lapho umsakazo uthula. Hamba ngokuhlola okungezansi ngokulandelana, ma endaweni yokuqala ehlulekayo, bese ushintsha isilungiselelo esisodwa ngemva kwalokho.

Ukuhlola kwokuqala: ingabe ukunqamuka kulandela ukungenzi lutho?

Qala ngokufakazela ukuhlobana esikhundleni sokukucabangela. Bhala isikhathi sewashi lodonga lephakethe lokugcina olithumile, isikhathi lapho iklayenti labika khona ukuthi umhubhe wehle, nokuthi isikrini sacima yini phakathi. Uma igebe lifana ngaso sonke isikhathi, unenkinga endleleni yokungenzi lutho; uma ukunqamuka kwenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okumatasa, gxuma ekuhloleni kwesihlanu.

Isivivinyo esishibhile esingabizi lutho ukuyihoxisa: thumela i-ping ezinzile enesilinganiso esiphansi esangweni lakho imizuzu engamashumi amabili bese ushiya umshini wedwa. Uma umhubhe uhlala isikhathi sonke, ithrafikhi encane eqhubekayo ifihla uphawu esikhundleni sokulungisa, okuwubufakazi obusafanele. Ngigcina lokho kuphuma kwe-ping kutheminali yedrafti bese ngiqhathanisa nerekhodi leklayenti ngemva kwalokho, ngoba amawashi amabili awavamisile ukuvumelana.

Ukuhlola kwesibili: ingabe ithrafikhi ye-VPN kuphela?

Ngaphambi kokusola umhubhe, thola ukuthi isixhumanisi ngokwaso sisasebenziseka yini. Ngesikhathi umhubhe ufile kodwa isikrini sisacimile, zama ukufinyelela ikheli lephuzu lokungena kanye nomsingathi womphakathi nge-IP. Uma i-ping evamile nayo ihluleka, umsakazo noma iphuzu lokungena likushiye, futhi iklayenti le-VPN lingumbukeli nje.

Uma ithrafikhi evamile ihamba ngesikhathi umhubhe uthule, isixhumanisi siphilile futhi inkinga isezikhathini zomhubhe ngokwawo noma endleleni iklayenti elibhekana ngayo nokuqhubeka. Lezi yizilungiso ezimbili ezihlukene, ngakho ungadluli lesi sinyathelo. Kukhompyutha ephathwayo ene-Wi-Fi ne-Ethernet kokubili, khipha ikhebula bese uphinda isivivinyo sokungenzi lutho: ukunqamuka kokungenzi lutho okunyamalalayo ku-Ethernet enentambo kuwubufakazi obuqinile bongqimba olungenantambo.

Ukuhlola kwesithathu: funda isimo sokonga amandla

Ama-desktop amaningi akunika ibhokisi lokumaka, kodwa ibhokisi akusona isimo umshayeli akuso. Qala ngokufunda umbiko kawoshayeli uqobo, bese unquma. Ku-Linux ene-mac80211 isixhumi siyaphendula ngqo:

iw dev wlan0 get power_save          # on or off, per interface
sudo iw dev wlan0 set power_save off # diagnostic only, lost on reconnect

Umyalo wesibili uyisivivinyo, hhayi isilungiso. Awuhlali ngaphesheya kokunqanyulwa, ukulala noma ukuqalisa kabusha, okukwenza kube yindlela ehlanzekile yokuhlola umcabango ngaphandle kokushiya izinguquko ezingapheliyo.

Ku-Windows powercfg /q SCHEME_CURRENT iphrinta uhlelo olusebenzayo, futhi igatsha elincane le-adaptha engenantambo likhombisa ukuthi i-adaptha ingayalelwa yini ukonga amandla; ukukhetha okufanayo kukhona futhi ku-Device Manager kuthebhu yokuphatha amandla e-adaptha. Ku-macOS ukonga amandla kwe-802.11 ngesixhumi ngasinye akukwaziswa kuwe, ngakho bheka esikhundleni salokho pmset -g ukuziphatha kokulala nokulinda. Lapho iphutha livame ukuvela njengendlela yokulala nokuvuka hhayi ukuziphatha kokungenzi lutho komsakazo.

Ukuhlola kwesine: shintsha into eyodwa, bese uhlola futhi

Shintsha okuguqukayo okukodwa ncamashi ngokugijima ngakunye bese uphinda umthwalo ofanayo. Uma umhubhe manje ubekezelela ihora lokungenzi lutho ngokonga amandla kuvaliwe, ufunde okuthile kwangempela. Uma usawa namanje, buyisela emuva ngaphambi kokuhlola umbono olandelayo, ngaphandle kwalokho uzosala nezilungiselelo ezintathu ezihlangana kanye nokungazi ukuthi yikuphi okubalulekile.

Ukugcina uxhumano luphila kungenye into eguqukayo ezimele futhi kuvame ukuxutshwa nokonga amandla. Ivelu ye-WireGuard PersistentKeepalive = 25 igcina imephu ye-NAT ishisayo;OpenVPN kuzo zombili iziphetho keepalive futhi ping-restart isebenzisa. Kokubili kudala ithrafikhi kumhubhe obungeke uthule, ngakho ukugcina kuphila okubonakala kulungisa ukunqamuka kungase kufihle inkinga yomsakazo esikhundleni sokuyixazulula. Zihlole ngokwehlukana, ngayinye ngesikhathi sayo:

[Peer]
PublicKey = ...
Endpoint = vpn.example.net:51820
PersistentKeepalive = 25

Ukuhlola kwesihlanu: lapho umsakazo ungenacala

Uma ukunqamuka kokungenzi lutho kuqhubeka ngokonga amandla kuvaliwe nokugcina kuphila kuvuliwe, bheka ngaphandle kwekhompyutha ephathwayo. Amaphuzu okungena namaroutha asekhaya avumela amangeno e-NAT noma eseshini yokungenzi lutho ukuthi aphele ngokohlelo lwawo, futhi iseva ye-VPN ingalahla iseshini engenayo ithrafikhi.Ukuzulazula phakathi kwamaphuzu okungena abelana nge-SSID eyodwa nakho kungasetha kabusha isixhumanisi ngaphandle kokuthi iklayenti likusho ngokucacile.

Bese uqhathanisa nedivayisi yesibili kulelo nethiwekhi eyenza isivivinyo esifanayo sokungenzi lutho. Amadivayisi amabili awa ngesikhathi esifanayo iyindaba yendlela noma yeseva; idivayisi eyodwa ewayo iyindaba yomshayeli noma yamandla endawo. Lokho kuqhathanisa kuthatha imizuzu eyishumi futhi kukusindisa ekubhaleni kabusha ukucushwa okungalungile.

Ngaphambi kokukwenza kube ngokunaphakade

Nquma ukuthi yini ozimisele ukuyigcina. Iskripthi sephrofayela ngayinye esivala ukonga amandla kuphela kumanethiwekhi lapho ubone khona ukunqamuka siyavikeleka. Ukulungiswa kwembulunga yonke okuvala konke futhi okukhokhelwa ngempilo yebhethri kunethiwekhi ngayinye ngokuvamile akusinjalo.

  • Bhala ivelu yokuqala yokonga amandla eceleni kweskripthi ukuze ikwazi ukubuyiselwa.
  • Phinda isivivinyo sokungenzi lutho ngemva kokubuyekezwa ngakunye kushayeli noma kweklayenti; amavelu azimiso ayashintsha.
  • Gcina irekhodi le-ping nerekhodi leklayenti ndawonye lapho ubika inkinga.
  • Uma isinyathelo sesibili sehlulekile, yeka ukushintsha izilungiselelo ze-VPN futhi kubheke njengephutha lesixhumanisi sendawo.

Uma wenza into eyodwa kuphela, yenza ukuhlola kwesibili. Yikho okunquma ukuthi ingxenye esele yalolu hlu iyakuthinta yini, futhi yisona sinyathelo abantu abasidlulayo lapho sebenqume ukuthi impendulo ukonga amandla.

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