I-EVPN iyasebenza kodwa insiza ayisebenzi: izindawo zokuhlola ezine

Ukufinyelela ikheli le-VTEP elikude kufakazela ukuthi inethiwekhi engaphansi ithwala amaphakethe, futhi yikho kuphela. Insiza yomqashi idinga iseshini ye-BGP EVPN enomndeni wamakheli ofanele, i-VNI yendawo exhunyiwe futhi esebenzayo, umzila oqaliwe kanye nokungeniswa ekugcineni okude. Lezi yizindawo zokuhlola ezine ezihlukene, ngayinye inokulungiswa okwehlukile. Ukuthatha inethiwekhi engaphansi eluhlaza njengokulungela kwensiza iyona ndlela evamile kakhulu yokuthi ukusethwa kwe-EVPN kumiswe.

Zifunde ngokulandelana futhi ume endaweni yokuqala engahambisani nalokho okulindelwe wumklamo. Izindawo zokuhlola ezilandelayo azikwazi ukunxephezela ukwehluleka kwangaphambili.

Indawo yokuhlola 1: ukuthutha okuya ku-VTEP

Qala ngokufinyeleleka phakathi kwamakheli e-loopback asetshenziswa njengemithombo ye-VTEP. Umzila kufanele ube khona kunethiwekhi engaphansi, indlela kufanele ivunyelwe kuhlanganise nanoma yisiphi isidingo sokugqonywa, futhi indlela yokubuyela kufanele isebenze. Umzila okhona kodwa ohlungiwe ohlangothini olulodwa udala ukwehluleka okungalingani okubonakala kuphakathi ngezikhathi. Qinisekisa izinhlangothi zombili ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

Bhala amakheli omsuka nendawo awohlola. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esixazulula ukweqa okulandelayo ngelinye ikheli ukuhlola okwehlukile, futhi ukubathatha njengokukodwa yiyo indlela ukweqa okuxazululiwe okulandelayo okusolwa ngayo ngokwehluleka kwezokuthutha.

Indawo yokuhlola 2: umndeni we-EVPN, hhayi inani lamaseshini

Iseshini ye-BGP esunguliwe ayisho ukuthi umndeni wamakheli we-EVPN uxoxiwe. Bheka isimo esiqondile somndeni kumakhelwane: ukuthi umndeni unikwe amandla, ukuthi uxoxiwe nozakwethu, nokuthi iseshini iwuthwala nhlobo. Iseshini esebenzayo ye-IPv4 unicast engakaze ixoxisane nge-EVPN ayibonisi lutho olungalungile kusifinyezo somakhelwane esijwayelekile, futhi isicaciso se-EVPN overlay sithatha izinqubo zensiza nokulawula njengezinto ezihlukile kwezokuthutha.

Hlola futhi ikheli lomthombo leseshini. Ukuxhumanisa okwakhiwe ekhelini okungewona umthombo we-VTEP ukungavumelani komklamo okulindele ukuchaza ukwehluleka kokudlulisela.

Indawo yokuhlola 3: insiza yendawo ixhunyiwe

I-VNI yendawo kufanele ixhunywe ebhulohweni noma ku-VRF emele umqashi, futhi inkundla kufanele ibike ukuthi iyasebenza. Isimo sobulungu esisetshenziswa imodeli yokukopisha singabaluleka ngaphambi kokufundwa kwanoma iyiphi i-MAC yomsingathi, ngakho-ke ithebula lamaphoyinti okugcina elingenalutho akusona ubufakazi bokuthi insiza imile.

Bese uqinisekisa lokho okuqalwa ngempela idivayisi: umzila wendawo wale-VNI onemikhombandlela ye-route target echazwe umklamo. I-VNI exhunyiwe kodwa engamenyezelwanga ikhiqiza insiza ekhona endaweni kuphela hhayi kwenye indawo.

Indawo yokuhlola 4: ukungeniswa kumamukeli

Kudivayisi eyamukelayo, qhathanisa imikhombandlela ye-route target ethunyelwe futhi engenisiwe esikhundleni sama-VNI ezinombolo. Inombolo ye-VNI efanayo ayifakazeli ukuthi isibonelo esamukelayo singenisa isimemezelo, futhi umkhombandlela we-route target ongafani awubonakali kuhlu lwe-VNI. Xazulula ukweqa okulandelayo okumenyezelwe ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi engaphansi ngaphambi kokuthemba ingeno yokudlulisela. Bese ufunda isimo sokudlulisela se-overlay sensiza hhayi sedivayisi yonke.

Ithebula lozakwethu lingabonisa futhi idatha yezinga ledatha noma ukufunda kobulungu okuqondile ekusetshenzisweni. Funda umsuka waso nomongo wensiza kanye nomzila we-EVPN esikhundleni sokuthatha inani lemigqa njengobufakazi.

Irekhodi elilodwa elihamba umzila

Gcina irekhodi elilodwa ngesiza: isimo se-VNI sendawo, umakhelwane we-EVPN nomndeni, umzila oqaliwe, kanye nomphumela owamukelwa futhi wangenisiwe. Hamba ngalelo rekhodi kusukela emsukeni kuze kufike ekufakweni. Lapho okuthile kwehluleka, irekhodi lisho ukuthi iyiphi yezindawo zokuhlola ezine okufanele ilungiswe, hhayi ukuthi uwuphi umyalo okufanele uzanywe.

Engeza izimpawu zesikhathi ngenkathi wenza lokho. Ukungeniswa okuvela ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa yesimemezelo kuwumbuzo wenqubomgomo noma wokuhlangana, kuyilapho lokho okungaveli neze kuwumbuzo wokucushwa, futhi umehluko lowo ubonakala kuphela uma ubhale phansi ukuthi wabheka nini.

Lapho i-VXLAN emile iyimpendulo efanele

Umzila wedatha we-VXLAN ocushwe ngokumile ungangasebenza nozakwethu abanikezwe ngesandla ngenkathi ithebula le-EVPN lihlala lingenalutho. Lokho akusona isakhiwo se-EVPN esiphukile, iyimodeli ehlukile yokulawula. Nquma ukuthi imuphi umklamo oqondile ngaphambi kokuhlola ithebula elingenalutho njengephutha.

Umakhelwane we-IGP kunethiwekhi engaphansi unikeza ukuthutha hhayi okunye. Isimo sensiza ye-overlay siyinto ehlukile okufanele yakhiwe nento ehlukile okufanele iqinisekiswe.