Deris EIGRP ama DMVPN gudbin? Marka hore hubi doorka

Derisnimadu maqan tahay, router-ka dhexda ku yaalna wuxuu u muuqdaa tuhunka cad. Waa laga yaabaa inuusan waxba galabsan. Gudbinta baakadaha tunnel-ka dibadda iyo ka-qaybgalka borotokoolka marinnada overlay waa laba shaqo oo kala duwan, qalabkuna wuu samayn karaa midda hore isagoon samayn midda labaad. Samee shanta baaritaan ee hoose si kala hor ah oo ku joog midda ugu horreysa ee guuldareysta.

Tallaabada 1: sawir labada door

Sawir derisnimada EIGRP ee la qorsheeyay sida xiriir macquul ah oo u dhexeeya laba router, ka dibna sawir router-yada underlay ee qaada baakadaha tunnel-kiisa. Isla qalabka lagama doonayo inuu ku jiro labada liis, isku-dhafka liisaskuna waa sababta ugu badan ee router gudbin caafimaad qaba loogu eedeeyo jebinta derisnimada.

Router gudbin wuxuu gudbiyaa baakadaha dibadda isagoo isticmaalaya marrinta IP-da iyo siyaasaddiisa caadiga ah. Uma baahna inuu shaqeeyo borotokoolka lagu qaado gudaha tunnel-ka la ilaaliyay, umana baahna habraac EIGRP si uu baakadahaas u sii gudbiyo.

Tallaabada 2: hubi waxa qalabka dhexe dhammeeyo

Haddii router-ka dhexe dhammeeyo tunnel-ka oo ay tahay inuu la sameeyo derisnimo EIGRP spoke-yada, jawaabtu gabi ahaan way is beddelaysaa. Qalabkaas wuxuu u baahan yahay habdhaqanka marrinta overlay ee la taageeray, magacaabidda gudbinna ma tirtirto shuruudda deriska. Akhri habaynta tunnel-ka ka hor habaynta marrinta. Jawaabtaas ayaa go’aamisa baaritaan kasta oo xiga.

Marka su’aasha ugu horreysa ee dhabta ah maaha borotokoolkee la hagaajinayo. Su’aashu waa in sanduuqu yahay hub, spoke, boodbood underlay saafi ah, ama adeeg Layer 2 oo qaada faramyada u dhexeeya darafyada.

Tallaabada 3: xaqiiji heerka kontoroolka deriska

Qalab kasta oo ay tahay inuu deris noqdo, xaqiiji afar shay: EIGRP instance-ka iyo lambarka nidaamka iskeelka ah, cabbirrada xaqiijinta, interface-ka ka qaybgalaya habraaca, iyo odhaahda shabakadda ee daboolaysa interface-kaas. Mid ka mid ah is-waafajin la’aan ayaa derisnimada hoos dhigta inta interface-ku kor yahay oo ping-ku sii socdo.

RFC 7868 waxay EIGRP ku tilmaantaa borotokool IP oo leh is-weydaarsi kontorool multicast, taas awgeed xiriirka derisnimadu maaha wax router dhexdhexaad ah uu ku beddeli karo isagoo baakadaha u marrinaya goobta loo socdo. Ama is-weydaarsiga kontoroolku wuxuu gaaraa saaxiibka ama derisnimadu ma samaysmo.

Tallaabada 4: hubi in gaadiidku keeno is-weydaarsiga kontoroolka

Marka xigta, hubi in overlay-ku dhab ahaan qaado taraafikada kontoroolka u dhexeeya darafyada loo qorsheeyay. Baadh khariidaynta NHRP ee saaxiibka iyo dariiqa dibadda ee u gaadha, ka dibna xaqiiji in interface-ka tunnel-ku kor yahay oo taraafikada dhaafsiyo. Ping underlay guulaystay wuxuu caddeeyaa in dariiqa dibaddu jiro; ma caddeeyo in is-weydaarsiga kontoroolka overlay-ka la gaarsiiyay.

Adeeg Layer 2 oo hufan, tunnel dhibic-ilaa-dhibic iyo daruur DMVPN dhibic-badan waxay multicast siyaabo kala duwan u gaarsiiyaan. Raac qaabka interface-ka, NHRP iyo multicast ee la taageeray ee waxa dhab ahaan la rakibay halkii aad ka fikiri lahayd in saddexdu isku mid u dhaqmaan.

Tallaabada 5: dib u qorshee xadka haddii uusan ka qayb geli karin

Haddii qalabka overlay ee loo baahan yahay uusan shaqayn karin borotokoolka, si cad u beddel naqshadda. Isticmaal borotokool ama qaab is-weydaarsi la taageeray xadkaas, ama diyaari tunnel daraf-ilaa-daraf oo ku habboon si derisyadu noqdaan darafyada dhab ahaan isla hadla. Ha u qaadan in dariiqa static-ka ah uu ka-qaybgal-keenaha u beddelo relay baakad kasta oo kontorool.

Ku qor doorka qalab kasta jaantuska oo la hay habaynta. RFC 7868 waxay qeexdaa is-weydaarsiga borotokoolka, qeexiddaasina waa tixraaca sababta xiriirka derisnimada aan loogu ekaysiin karin gudbinta gudbin.

Marka derisnimadu ay wali guuldareysto shanta baaritaan kadib, tuhunka hadhay waa sifooyinka madal sida maaraynta multicast ee interface-ka tunnel-ka iyo siyaasadda shaandheysa borotokoolka 88. Kuwaani waa sababo cad oo la tijaabin karo, waxayna ka qiimo badan yihiin wareeg kale oo router-ka dhexda lagu eedeeyo.