Kusuka kumzila we-RIP ku-CE kuya ku-VRF ekude: ukuthi i-export yenzeka kuphi

I-update ye-RIPv2 ifika ku-provider edge, ingena kuthebula lomzila we-VRF bese ima lapho ngaphandle uma okuthile kuyi-export ngokusobala. Izinqumo ezintathu zenzeka ngokulandelana, futhi ngasinye singayenqaba i-prefix ngesizathu saso. Ukuyifunda njengesehlakalo esisodwa yikho okwenza abantu bafune idivayisi engalungile lapho isayithi ekude ingakwazi ukufinyelela inethiwekhi i-CE eyimemezela ngokusobala. Landela umzila udlula ku-PE futhi ukulandelana kuyacaca.

I-PE yenzani nge-update ye-RIP

I-PE ithola i-update ku-interface ye-VRF, iqinisekisa ukuthi umthombo ungumakhelwane ovunyelwe, bese ifaka i-prefix kuthebula lomzila we-VRF ngenani lama-hop elisuselwe kusimemezelo. Lelo thebula liyithebula lomzila elijwayelekile elinamabanga ayo okuphatha kanye nokukhetha kwayo indlela engcono kakhulu. Uma i-CE imemezela i-prefix efanayo kabili ngamametric ahlukene, kusala kuphela okungcono ethebuleni. Akukho lutho kulesi sinyathelo oluhilela i-backbone yomhlinzeki.

Manje i-prefix isikhona ngaphakathi komongo womzila wekhasimende elilodwa, okuyinto ekude nokufinyeleleka kwenye indawo.

I-export isenzo senqubomgomo, akusona umphumela we-protocol

Ukuze ishiye i-VRF, umzila kufanele usatshalaliswe kabusha kwinqubo ye-MP-BGP ethwala imizila ye-VPN, futhi udinga i-route target extended community ekhomba ukuthi yimaphi ama-VRF akude angayithumiza. Isakhiwo esiku- RFC 4364 sihlukanisa lokho kushintshana ne-protocol ye-CE-PE ngalesi sizathu. Ukusebenzisa i-RIP emkhawulweni akusho lutho mayelana nalokho okufanele kweqe inethiwekhi yomhlinzeki.

Bhala isivumelwano se-export ngaphambi kokumisa noma yini: ama-prefix amakhasimende okufanele afinyeleleke kude, imizila okufanele ihlale yasekhaya, kanye nanoma yikuphi okuzenzakalelayo, imizila eqondile kakhulu noma izihlengelo zesevisi eyabiwe. Qhathanisa leso sivumelwano ne-VRF yangempela, hhayi enye enegama elifanayo yekhasimende elinye.

Uhlangothi lokuthumiza luwumthetho wesibili onama-route target awo, futhi i-export efanayo ne-import engafani ikhiqiza i-prefix ekhona ku-backbone futhi engabonakali kunoma yiliphi ithebula elikude.

I-redistribution ne-explicit origination ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile

I-redistribution ithatha imizila esivele ikhona kuthebula le-VRF bese iyikopisha ku-BGP, ihlungiwe i-route map. I-map inquma ukuthi yimaphi ama-prefix afanelekile nokuthi athwala yiphi i-attribute, futhi i-metric kufanele isethwe ngokusobala ngoba inani lama-hop e-RIP alinayo incazelo njenge-metric ye-BGP. Noma yini oyishiya ingasethiwe izuzwa njengefa ngendlela evamise ukumangaza umuntu ofunda i-config ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva.

I-mutual redistribution yilapho umonakalo othulile wenzeka khona. I-prefix ekhishwele ku-BGP ingabuya ngendlela yesibili yokusabalalisa, futhi ngaphandle kwama-tag noma izihlungi umzila uyadlidlizela ngenkathi womabili amathebula ebonakala enengqondo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Hlunga ngama-tag asetshenziswa emkhawulweni esikhundleni sokuthembela ku-topology ukuthi ivimbele indlela yokubuya.

I-explicit origination ibukeka icwebezelile futhi ayinamibandela. I-network statement ngokuvamile idinga umzila ofanayo kuthebula lomzila ngaphambi kokuthi i-prefix i-origination, ngakho isimemezelo siyanyamalala ngaso leso sikhathi lapho i-CE iyeka ukusimemezela. Lokho kuvame ukuba ukuziphatha okufunayo, futhi akufani nomzila oqhubekayo ohlala umisiwe ingunaphakade. Hlola umthetho wangempela we-platform esikhundleni sokucabanga okunye kwalokhu kuziphatha.

Kungakhathaliseki, umbuzo mayelana ne-prefix ngayinye ukuthi yimuphi umthombo osebenzayo oyenza ifaneleke nokuthi kwenzekani lapho lowo mthombo unyamalala.

Qinisekisa uchungechunge ezindaweni ezine

Bheka isimemezelo se-CE, ithebula lomzila we-VRF, ithebula lemizila ye-VPN kanye ne-route target yalo, kanye ne-import ku-VRF ekude, ngalokho kulandelana. Ku-IOS lokho kusho umphumela kamakhelwane we-CE, show ip route vrf CUSTOMER, show ip bgp vpnv4 vrf CUSTOMER, kanye nomyalo ofanayo ku-PE ekude. Ku-IOS-XR umphumela olinganayo ungaphansi kwe- show bgp vrf CUSTOMER ipv4 unicast. Amagama emiyalo ayahluka, izindawo ezine zokuhlola azihlukani.

Hlola i-prefix okufanele yenqatshwe ngokucophelela okufanayo naleyo okufanele idlule, ngoba inqubomgomo evumela konke ibukeka ifana neyokulungile kuze kufike ukuhlengelwa kokuqala. Bese ubheka i-withdrawal: vala i-interface ye-CE bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa okukude kunyamalala phakathi kwesikhathi esilindelekile esibekiwe, hhayi ukuhlala khona.

Bhala ukuthi ubani ungumnikazi wanoma iyiphi inqubomgomo. Lapho umhlinzeki ephethe i-CE, ukuziphatha okunikeziwe kungokwesivumelwano sesevisi, futhi i-protocol ehlukile noma inqubomgomo ye-withdrawal kudivayisi ephethwe kuyinkinga yamadokhumenti kuqala bese kuba inkinga yomzila.