Izicelo zohlelo lokusebenza zehluleka ngemuva kwe-VPN yebhizinisi, kodwa isiphequluli siyasebenza

Uvula ingosi yangaphakathi kusiphequluli futhi iyalayisha. Uqalisa uhlelo olushaya i-host efanayo futhi luyahluleka, ngomlayezo ongasho lutho ngongqimba. Umhubhe uthwala isiphequluli, ngakho umhubhe akusona isola lokuqala. Izinto ezine ziphakathi kwesicelo sakho nesevisi, futhi ngayinye ishiya umkhondo ohlukile. Lokhu ukulandelana engikulandelayo, ngisiqala esicelweni uhlelo olusithumela ngempela, hhayi ekhasini lezilungiselelo zeklayenti le-VPN.

Bheka isicelo uhlelo olusithumela ngempela

Ngaphambi kokuthinta ukulungiselelwa, vumela uhlelo lukutshele okwenzayo. Ukubamba isicelo esisodwa nge-proxy ivaliwe ngokusobala kanye nokuhlolwa kwechweba okulula kukunikeza imigqa emibili eyisisekelo okuzoqathaniswa nayo izinyathelo ezilandelayo. Uma isicelo siphumelela nge-proxy ivaliwe, usuvele uqedile izingqimba ezintathu kwezine.

env | grep -i proxy            # Linux/macOS
netsh winhttp show proxy       # Windows, machine-wide
curl -sv --noproxy '*' https://svc.internal/
nc -vz svc.internal 8080

Gijimisa ezimbili zokugcina ziye endaweni efanayo futhi ubheke lapho zihlukana khona. Isiphequluli esisebenzayo kanye ne-curl esebenzayo kanye nohlelo olungasebenzi kunciphisa inkinga entweni uhlelo oluyengezayo: i-proxy, ukuthutha noma usayizi womlayezo.

Uhlelo lwazuza njengefa i-proxy okungekho muntu oyilungiselele

Izitaki eziningi ze-HTTP zifunda ukulungiselelwa kwe-proxy kusistimu yokusebenza ngokuzenzakalela. Iklayenti le-VPN yebhizinisi livamise ukufaka eyodwa njengengxenye yephrofayili yokufinyelela yalo, ngakho izicelo ziphuma nge-proxy umthuthukisi angakaze ayikhulume ekhodini. Ku-.NET isibambi sokuzenzakalela sithola kuzilungiselelo ze-IE/WinHTTP; i-Java ifunda i--Dhttp.proxyHost; i-Node ayinakho ukusekelwa kwe-proxy okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuze kufake umtapo wezincwadi. Ukwehluleka akuvamisile ukuba ukwenqaba okumsulwa, yingakho abantu baqala ukubheka iseva.

Ukuhlolwa kubiza isicelo esisodwa: vala i-proxy ngokusobala kusibambi esisodwa bese uqathanisa.

var handler = new HttpClientHandler { UseProxy = false };
using var client = new HttpClient(handler);

Uma lokho kuphumelela, ukulungisa kungokwakulungiselelwa kohlelo, hhayi okomhubhe. Phinda ukuhlola kukho konke ukusebenza kwesikhathi kuphrojekthi, ngoba ngakunye kufunda umthombo ohlukile futhi kungase kube kuqulodwa okugulisayo.

Ichweba owakhethile akulona ichweba elivunyelwe inqubomgomo

I-host enomzila akusona isevisi evunyelwe. Inqubomgomo yebhizinisi ivamise ukuvumela amachweba ewebhu aphumayo bese ilahla amanye, ngakho isevisi ku-8080 noma ku-1883 ayifinyeleleki kuyilapho i-443 isebenza kahle. Isiphequluli asifakazisi lutho lapha: sisebenzisa i-443 ngokwencazelo.

Shicilela isevisi efanayo ngemuva kwe-443 futhi uyifinyelele ngegama ngaphambi kokucela ukwehluka. Uma ukwehluka kudingeka ngempela, kukhawulele kububanzi bomthombo owodwa nendawo eyodwa futhi ukuthathe njengengxenye yencazelo yesevisi, hhayi njengendlela yomuntu siqu yokugwema.

I-TCP eluhlaza evuselelwa wumzila

Ukuxhumana kwe-TCP eluhlaza okuhlala isikhathi eside kuyingqimba ehluleka ngendlela edida kakhulu. Umzila ovumela ithrafikhi yewebhu usengakwazi ukusetha kabusha noma ukubhala kabusha i-TCP ephumayo engavamile, futhi iklayenti libika iphutha lesokhethi elifundeka njengokuphazamiseka. Izinsizakalo zemilayezo nezezigameko zivamise ukuhlinzeka ngokuthutha kwe-WebSocket ngqo kule nethiwekhi, futhi ukushintsha kuyisinqumo seklayenti, hhayi ushintsho lomhubhe.

Shintsha ukuthutha, hlola futhi, futhi ungashintshi enye into ekugijimeni okufanayo. Lokho kuhlolwa kokuguquguquka okukodwa kukutshela ukuthi ukusethwa kabusha kwavela emzileni noma kusevisini.

Ukuxhumana okuvaleka kuphela emithwalweni emikhulu

Isicelo esiphumelelayo bese sifa cishe ngemva kwesekhondi elilodwa, kodwa kuphela lapho umzimba mkhulu, sikhomba emkhawulweni wosayizi kwenye indawo phakathi. Umsizi obala amabhayithi emilayezo angawisa phansi ukuxhumana phakathi nokudluliswa, futhi iklayenti libika ukuvaleka okungajwayelekile esikhundleni sokuphela kwesikhathi.

Hlukanisa umthwalo ube izingcezu ezingqimbeni yohlelo. Gcina lokho kuhlukile emsebenzini we-MTU: ukwehlisa usayizi wephakethe lomhubhe kusiza lapho amaseshini ajwayelekile e-TCP ema enanini elingaguquki lamabhayithi, futhi akwenzi lutho emlayezweni umsizi owuthatha njengomkhulu kakhulu.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa abane ngokuhamba okukodwa

Ukubona okuthathu kunquma izimo eziningi. Ingabe ukwehluleka kwenzeka ngokushesha noma kuphela lapho umzimba mkhulu? Ingabe isicelo esifanayo siyaphumelela nge-proxy ivaliwe? Ingabe umphumela uyashintsha uma ushintsha ichweba noma ukuthutha? Bhala izimpendulo ngaphambi koshintsho olulandelayo, ngoba i-VPN yebhizinisi kanye ne-proxy eyatholwa njengefa kanye nokwehluleka okuzenzakalelayo kohlelo kukunikeza izizathu ezintathu ezingaba khona ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Gcina ukuguquguquka okukodwa kuhlolwa ngakunye futhi ubhale i-host yendawo oyisebenzisile. Ngaphandle kwalowo mugqa oyisisekelo, umuntu olandelayo uphinda zonke izinyathelo ezine kusukela ekuqaleni.