Auna babbar VPN mai siffar tauraro: ƙidaya kafin ka zaɓi BGP
Faifan farko su ne sauƙin lamba. Zama, ɗumbin sabuntawa da dawowa bayan gazawar hub ne ke tabbatar da ko tsari zai dore a kan dubban rassa.
Rassa dubu uku suna kama da matsalar tura hanya, amma suna zama kamar matsalar lissafin kuɗi. Ana lissafin jimillar prefixes cikin minti goma, kuma ba kasafai ne wannan lambar ke ciwo ba. Abin da ke ciwo shi ne aikin kowace zama, ɗumbin sabuntawa idan wani ɓangare na gama gari ya faɗi, da lokacin da ake ɗauka kafin tura gaba ya sake dacewa da sabon tsarin.
Don haka bi lissafin a tsarin da ya dace. Ƙidaya dangantaka, ƙidaya prefixes da zaɓuɓɓuka, sannan ka ƙidaya abin da ke faruwa a sa'a mara kyau, kuma bayan haka ne kawai ka kwatanta ladabi da dandamali. A wani tsarin daban, aikin ya juya ya zama muhawara kan iyakar hanyoyi da babu wanda zai iya warwarewa da bayanan da ke kan tebur.
Kasafin kuɗi huɗu, ba ɗaya ba
Kowane kasafi yana amsa tambaya daban, kuma kowanne na iya zama ƙayyadaddun ƙuntata a wani dandali daban. Rubuta su daban yana hana wata babbar lambar prefix ɗaya tsayawa a madadin dukan tsarin.
| Budget | What you are really counting |
|---|---|
| Sessions | Peers per hub, keepalive or hello processing, authentication state, and the per-neighbor memory that never shows up in a route count |
| Prefixes | Alternatives received, prefixes selected, entries installed for forwarding, and how much of that each spoke is allowed to see |
| Churn | Updates generated by a flapping link, a hub outage, or every branch reconnecting after a regional event |
| Recovery | Time to detect, reselect, reinstall and restore the application, measured end to end rather than per box |
Biɗu na ƙarshe su ne waɗanda ake tsallake a bitar tsari. Hanyar da ke zaune cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a yanayin tsayayye tana iya yin mummuna idan rassa ɗari huɗu suka sake haɗuwa cikin minti biyu, domin aikin yana zuwa da sauri fiye da yadda matakin sarrafawa zai iya share shi. Rubuta girman ɗumbin a matsayin lamba, tare da tsawon lokacin da sabis ɗin zai iya kasancewa a raunane. Wannan yana mai da damuwa marar tabbas gwaji wanda wani zai iya gudanarwa da gaske.
Akwai kuma tambayar dandali da ke ɓoye cikin duka huɗun: shin ɓoyewa, tura gaba da tura hanya suna raba CPU ɗaya ko suna da hanyoyi daban. Na'urori biyu masu iyarin hanya ɗaya za su iya yin daban-daban ƙwarai a ƙarƙashin ɗumbi, kuma takardar bayanai ba kasafai take faɗin wanda kake saya ba.
Yi lissafin da naka lambobi
Ɗauki wani tsari da aka ƙirƙira: rassa 3,000, prefixes uku kowace kafin haɗawa, da hubs biyu ga kowace reshe domin ajiya. Dole ne ma'auratan hub su riƙe kusan prefixes reshe 9,000 kafin taƙaitawa, kuma tsarin yana nuna zaman reshe-zuwa-hub 6,000 idan kowace reshe tana ƙulla da duka biyun.
Yanzu ƙara sassan da ba prefixes ba ne. Kowace zama tana ɗauke da yanayi da saƙon lokaci-lokaci ko da babu abin da ya canza. Kowace hub na iya riƙe hanya fiye da ɗaya ga kowace prefix idan ana sa ran sauyawa da sauri, saboda haka adadin zaɓuɓɓukan na iya wuce adadin waɗanda aka zaɓa. Kuma kallon kowace reshe shawara ce ta manufa daban: ba kowace reshe hanyoyin duk sauran yana ninka aikin ta yadda ƙidayar bangaren hub ba ta bayyana.
Waɗannan lambobin tsare-tsare ne don tattaunawar tsari, ba ma'aunin kowane samfuri ba. Amfanin aikin shi ne siffar lanƙwasa, ba da'awar inda wani na'urar tura hanya ta ke kasawa ba.
Abin da BGP ke ba ka, da abin da IGP ke ba ka
BGP yana raba abin da na'urar tura hanya ta karɓa, abin da ta zaɓa da abin da take sanarwa, kuma kowanne daga cikinsu ana sarrafa shi da manufa. Wannan shi ne ainihin abin da hanyar rassa ke buƙata, domin reshe ya kamata ya ga hanyar da aka saba, ayyukan tsakiya da kaɗan kaɗan. Ƙidaya teburin ƙarshe kawai yana ɓoye zaɓuɓɓuka da sanarwa, kuma su ne sassan da suke girma idan ka ƙara ajiya.
IGP ba da kansa ba ne ba daidai ba. Idan tsarin, tsarin yanki da ƙirar maƙwabta sun dace da sabis ɗin, ka'idar yanayin mahaɗi tana haɗuwa da sauri kuma tana buƙatar ƙaramin tsarin manufa. Tarkon shi ne ɗauka cewa zai iya bayyana irin wannan kulawar fitarwa ga kowace maƙwabta kamar BGP: yankin OSPF iyakar ambaliya ce, ba matattarar da za ka rataya a kan reshe ɗaya ba.
Ko ta yaya, fara yanke shawarar ƙirar ganuwa. Hanyoyin da aka saba, taƙaitawa ga ayyukan tsakiya ko cikakkun bayanan reshe abubuwa uku ne daban-daban, kuma taƙaitawar da ke ɓoye wata gazawa ta musamman shawara ce ta tsari da za a rubuta, ba a gano ta yayin tsayawa ba.
Gwada ɗumbin, ba yanayin tsayayye ba
Gina kwatancen a kan gazawar da kake tsammani da gaske: hub ya faɗi, wani lamari na WAN na yanki, ko taga kulawa da ke cire rabin rukunin yanar gizo lokaci ɗaya. Auna dawowa daga mahangar reshe, har da aikace-aikacen, domin matakin sarrafawa da ke haɗuwa cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan ba shi da ma'ana idan zaman yana ɗaukar mintuna don sake kafawa.
show bgp vpnv4 unicast summary
show ip route vrf BRANCH summary
show processes cpu sorted | include BGP|OSPFYi rikodin abin da dandalin ke yi a kololuwarsa maimakon a hutu, kuma sake maimaita shi da fasalin tsaro a kunne. Tabbacin ra'ayi da ke nuna tebur shiru kawai gwajin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ne, kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba ita ce lambar mai ban sha'awa ba.