Kungani i-VPN yami ihamba kancane? Hlola lezi zigaba ezine

Nquma ukuthi unaloluphi uhlobo lokuhamba kancane, bese uhlola isixhumanisi sokufinyelela, ukuphuma, ukudlulisa kanye nedivayisi ngalolo dhela, ushintsha ingxenye eyodwa ngesikhathi.

Ucingo olunqamukayo, ukulanda okuhamba kancane nokulayisha okufika phakathi kugcine kumile kuyizikhalo ezintathu ezahlukene ngaphansi kwelebula elilodwa. Ukunquma ukuthi yikuphi okusukelayo ngaphambi kokukala noma yini kusindisa uphenyo olusele. Bese ushintsha ingxenye eyodwa yomzila ngesikhathi kanye bese uphinda umsebenzi ofanayo.

Ukulandelana ngezansi kusuka emsebenzini kuya ngaphandle, ngoba umhubhe awukwazi ukunikeza umkhawulo wokudlulisa ontulayo ngaphansi kwawo.

Nquma ukuthi kancane kusho ukuthini ngaphambi kokukala

Izinga eliphansi elizinzile, ukubambezeleka okuphezulu okunokugxuma okubukhali kanye nokudluliswa okuma ngokuphelele kosayizi othile akuzona izinhlobo zephutha elilodwa. Ngakunye kukhombisa ingxenye ehlukile: i-throughput, umzila ngokwawo noma umkhawulo wosayizi wephakethe. Khetha umsebenzi okuhluphayo ngempela bese uwusebenzisa njengesethenjwa, ngoba ukuhlolwa kwesivinini kukala ukudluliswa okukhulu okungase kuziphathe ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele ocingweni lwevidiyo. Bhala iphoyinti lokugcina, iphrothokholi, isikhathi sosuku kanye nenombolo ebalulekile kuwe.

Ngaphandle kwalowo mbhalo, zonke iziqhathaniso ezilandelayo ziba yimpikiswano ngemibono.

Qala ngokuhlola inethiwekhi yokufinyelela

Misa ukudluliswa kwakho okukhulu, bese ukala isixhumanisi sasendaweni ngaphambi kokuthi umhubhe uhlanganyele. Qhathanisa nomsebenzi ongenabungozi futhi landela inqubo ye-kill switch yeklayenti esikhundleni sokuvala izivikelo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi gcina indawo ehlanayo kuyo yomibili imijaho. Umhlinzeki wokuhlolwa kwesivinini angakunikeza iseva yokukala ehlukile lapho indawo yakho ebonakalayo ishintsha, lokho okwenza isiqhathaniso sibe ukuhlolwa kweseva ezimbili ezehlukene.

ping -c 20 192.168.50.1
ping -c 20 198.51.100.7
curl -o /dev/null -w "%{time_starttransfer} %{speed_download}\n" https://speed.example.net/10mb.bin

Uma isisekelo sesivele sibi, umsebenzi ungowase-Wi-Fi, owomthwalo we-router noma owomsebenzi wokufinyelela. Ukuhlolwa ngentambo noma indawo ethule eduze kwephoyinti lokufinyelela kuhlukanisa isixhumanisi somsakazo esibuthakathaka kusixhumanisi esiphezulu esigcwele. Akukho okwenziwa umhubhe okuzongezakuhle umthamo ongakunikezwa umugqa wokufinyelela.

Shintsha ukuphuma, bese ukudlulisa

Gcina idivayisi, inethiwekhi kanye nephrothokholi kugxilile bese uhlola iphoyinti lesibili lokugcina. Khetha idolobha elizwakalayo ohlwini lwezindawo, kodwa ungacabangi ukuthi ilebula eliseduze kakhulu lisho umzila ongcono kakhulu. Uma ukuphuma okukodwa kuhamba kancane kanti okunye kulungile, umsingathi noma umzila wako ufanele uphenyo; uma konke ukuphuma kuhamba kancane kudivayisi eyodwa kuyilapho enye idivayisi ilungile, iklayenti liyisola esingcono.

Lapho umsebenzi unikeza zombili iziphrofayili, qhathanisa OpenVPN ku-UDP ne-OpenVPN ku-TCP. I-UDP iyindawo evamile yokuqala yomsebenzi wokusebenzisana, kuyilapho i-TCP ingasiza kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela engayidlulisi neze i-traffic ye-UDP. Umhubhe we-TCP ubuyisela ukulahleka ngokuthumela kabusha ngaphakathi komfudlana, yingakho ungase uzwe kancane kusixhumanisi esiwisa amaphakethe, futhi amanothi e-OpenVPN okuxazulula izinkinga zokusebenza akhuluma ngalokho kushintshana ngaphambi kokuthi ulungise okunye. Ukushintsha igama elithi "udp" libe "tcp" kuphrofayili akukwazi kwakha isilaleli iseva engakaze isivule.

Gcina iphrofayili eyusizo ngaphambi kokuzama ushintsho olulandelayo. Uma kungenjalo, ukuhlehla kwakamuva kukushiya uqagela ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlela okuletha intuthuko.

Funda idivayisi kanye nomkhondo kanyekanye

Buka umthwalo we-processor ngesikhathi sokudluliswa hhayi ngemuva kwaso, ngoba izindleko zokubethela zikhula ne-traffic futhi i-router encane esebenzela ikhaya iwumshini ohlukile kwi-laptop eqhuba iklayenti yayo. Enye i-VPN, umshini obonakalayo noma isihlungi senethiwekhi kungase kuhlale emzileni ofanayo futhi kuthathe ingxenye ye-traffic. Gcina isoftware isesikhathini ngaphandle kokususa izinto zokuqinisekisa noma i-kill switch ukuze isilinganiso sibukeke singcono. Uma izicelo ezincane ziphumelela futhi ukulayisha okukhulu kuma ngosayizi ofanayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-MTU iyisigaba esilandelayo.

ping -M do -s 1400 -c 3 198.51.100.7
ip link show dev tun0 | grep -o "mtu [0-9]*"

Uma umhubhe usethwa kabusha ngokuphindaphindiwe, lungisa ukuphuka ngaphambi kokuhumusha noma iyiphi inombolo ye-throughput, ngoba umhubhe oxhuma kabusha ukala ukuxhawana hhayi umzila. Phinda umsebenzi wokuqala ngemuva kwakho konke ukushintsha futhi gcina umphumela. Ukuhlolwa kwesivinini okusheshayo okusephula ucingo akukasixazululi isikhalo owaqala ngaso.

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