Kungani ukutholwa komakhelwane be-IPv6 kwehluleka ku-VPN enomzila

Ukutholwa komakhelwane be-IPv6 kungokoxhumano olulodwa, futhi umhubhe onomzila uwumngcele phakathi koxhumano olubili. Lowo musho owodwa uchaza cishe zonke izikhalazo mayelana nesibambi esikude esiphendula ngekheli futhi esingatholakali nganoma iyiphi enye indlela. Hlola ubukhulu bekheli olivivinyayo ngaphambi kokuhlola umhubhe. Ikheli lendawo yoxhumano linencazelo kuphela kuxhumano lwalo, futhi iqembu le-multicast lesihloko esiceliwe lilinganiselwe ngendlela efanayo. Akukho kuzo okunqamula irobhothi, yingakho i-ping eya kwekheli lomhlaba wonke ingaphumelela kuyilapho ukutholwa kwaleso sibambi kwehluleka.

Ubukhulu buza ngaphambi kokulungiselela

Isicelo nesimemezelo somakhelwane kuthwala umkhawulo wokugxuma ongu-255 futhi akudluliswa, ngokomklamo. Irobhothi phakathi komhubhe wakho ne-LAN ekude lidlulisa amaphakethe e-IPv6 futhi alidlulisi imilayezo yomakhelwane egameni layo. Ngakho isitoreji somakhelwane kusixhumi somhubhe siqukethe umlingani kanye nokuncane okunye, okuwukuziphatha okulungile hhayi iphutha okufanele lilungiswe.

Ikheli lendawo yoxhumano elifana nokufakwa kwe-fe80:: nalo likhawulelwe yisifunda, futhi umbhalo ofanayo ungakhomba esinye isibambi koxhumano olunye. Ukuhlola elinye ngaphesheya komhubhe akufakazi lutho ngaphandle kokuthi ikheli alicacile.

Isicupho umcabango wokuthi isiqalo sikusoxhumano

Isibambi esikholelwa ukuthi isiqalo sikusoxhumano sithumela isicelo somakhelwane esikhundleni sokunikeza iphakethe kurobhothi laso, futhi lokho kufaka ne-/64 enomzila oya endaweni ekude. Lapho isiqalo esinjalo sifika njengasokusoxhumano, isibambi sibuza uxhumano lwendawo mayelana nesibambi esihlala kwenye indawo, futhi akukho okuphendulayo. Bika umzila wento encane kusibambi esikude, noma qeda isiqalo kurobhothi elizophendula endaweni yalo.

I-/128 yesevisi eyodwa iwuhlelo olumangaza kancane kakhulu, futhi lisusa ngokuphelele ukungacaci. Isicaciso sokutholwa komakhelwane sichaza isethi yemilayezo kanye nefulegi le-on-link enquma lokhu.

Ibhuloho lishintsha imithetho ngamabomu

Lapho umhubhe uthwala amafreyimu e-Ethernet, isigaba esikude nesasendaweni siba uxhumano olulodwa, i-multicast ifinyelela izinhlangothi zombili, futhi ukutholwa komakhelwane kuziphatha njengakuswishi. Imiphumela iyeza nayo: ukugcwala kwe-broadcast ne-multicast, ukutholwa kwamakheli aphindwe kabili ngaphesheya kwebhuloho, nezimemezelo zerobhothi eziconsa esigabeni okwakungafanele sizibone. Isigaba sokwehluleka manje sihlanganisa nezingosi ezimbili. Akukho kulokhu okuphikisana nebhuloho, futhi iphuzu ngalinye liyisizathu sokwakha ibhuloho ngamabomu hhayi ngengozi.

Ukushintsha iphrofayili isuke ku-TUN iye ku-TAP ukuze ukutholwa kubonakale kuwukulandelana okungalungile kwemisebenzi. Iseva, iklayenti nohlelo lwamakheli kufanele kuvumelane, futhi amaklayenti eselula awanikeli ngisho usixhumi se-TAP, ngakho umklamo onjalo usebenza kukhompyutha ephathwayo futhi wehluleka ocingweni. Ama-proxy nama-relay omakhelwane ayizindlela ezihlukile ezinezidingo zazo, futhi ayingxenye yokuhlelwa okubhaliwe komphathi wenethiwekhi hhayi izilungiselelo zohlelo lokusebenza.

Hlola ngekheli elisetshenziswa uhlelo lokusebenza

Qinisekisa umzila nge-ip -6 route get, bheka ukufakwa komakhelwane nge-ip -6 neigh, bese uqinisekisa isevisi emzileni onomzila. I-DNS nomzila wokubuya kuyizivivinyo ezihlukile, futhi ukufakwa komakhelwane okunempilo akufakazi kukho kokubili.

Uma uhlelo lokusebenza lugcizelela indawo yendawo yoxhumano noma esekelwe ekutholweni, leyo ingxoxo yomklamo hhayi umsebenzi wokulungisa, ngoba asikho isilungiselelo seklayenti esenza indlela ekhawulelwe kuxhumano isebenze ngaphesheya kwerobhothi.

Bhala ukuthi unomuphi umklamo

Rekhoda ngaphambi kwesigameko ukuthi unomzila noma unebhuloho, ngoba ukusetshenziswa okubili kuphendula le mibuzo ngendlela ehlukile futhi unjiniyela osesimweni akufanele akucabangele lokho kusuka kuphrofayili.

Ukufunda isethi yemilayezo kanye kususa isilingo sokuchaza isici sobukhulu boxhumano njengephutha le-VPN, okuwukuxilongwa okungalungile okubiza kakhulu kulo mkhakha.