Iyiphi ingxenye eyenza ngempela umkhawulo wemizila ye-OpenVPN?
Umkhawulo wemizila ungaba ngowenjini ye-OpenVPN, kowe-plugin ye-NetworkManager noma owesiphathi-mkhathi. Shono umnikazi ngaphambi kokuhlela iphrofayili noma ukukhuphula inombolo.
Iphrofayili enemizila engamakhulu amabili iyasebenza kumshini owodwa, kanti komunye ifaka imizila engamashumi amane. Injini, ukuhlanganiswa okuyiqalisayo kanye nesiphathi-mkhathi esiyondlayo konke kunelizwi lako, futhi ngakunye kungamisa uhlu endaweni ehlukile. Ukufunda ukwehluleka njengomkhawulo owodwa kukuholela efayeleni elingalungile. Indlela yokusebenza inezigaba ezintathu, futhi isigaba esama sishiya ubufakazi obonakalayo uma wazi ukuthi uzofunani.
Izigaba ezintathu, imikhawulo emithathu ehlukene
Kuqala injini ihlaziya inketho futhi inqume ukuthi lolu hlelo luyayiqonda yini. Bese kuthi ukuhlanganiswa kufake lokho injini ekubikayo, futhi ikhodi yako ingase inciphise noma iguqule uhlu. Ekugcineni isiphathi-mkhathi sinquma ukuthi izothumela imizila emingaki kubunikazi obuthile, ngaphambi kokuthi noma isiphi isigaba sekhlayenti sibone okuthile. Izigaba ezintathu, uphahla oluthathu, futhi kukholunye kuphela okuyinombolo esephrofayilini.
Ukuphakamisa uphahla olulodwa akwenzi lutho kwelinye. Umzila othanjiwe owathunyelwa ungaba yisinqumo senqubomgomo kusiphathi-mkhathi, ukweqa okuxazululwe yikhlayenti, noma umkhawulo womfaki owehlisa okweqile. Ngakunye kwalokhu kunesixazululo esihlukile.
Hlukanisa lezo zintathu ngaphambi kokulinganisa noma yini. Iphutha lomhlaziyi lisho ithokheni, umkhawulo womfaki ushiya ithebula lemizila elifushane, futhi isinqumo senqubomgomo asishiyi lutho. Ubufakazi butshela ukuthi isiphi isigaba okufanele usihlole kuqala.
| Stage | Who decides | What you can see |
|---|---|---|
| Parse | Client engine | An error naming the option |
| Install | Activation owner | A route count below the pushed count |
| Offer | Server policy | A route absent from the pushed list |
Umhlaziyi ukhuluma kuqala
Inketho engaziwa yehluleka ngomsindo futhi kusenesikhathi, futhi umbhalo wephutha usho ithokheni. Leso yisigaba esilula kakhulu ukusibona: qhathanisa umyalezo oqondile nohlelo lwenjini olufakiwe, ngoba inketho eyengezwe kokukodwa akwaziwa kokwandulelayo. Iphrofayili ekhushulwe ekusetshenzisweni okusha iwumthombo ojwayelekile walokho kungafani. Umhlaziyi awukaze ushiye buthule umyalelo ongawazi.
Inketho eyamukelwe ayisho lutho ngomphumela. Ukuhlaziya kuyaphumelela, futhi uhlu lusengase lusikwe umfaki noma isiphathi-mkhathi singalunikezi neze. Thatha ukuhlaziya okuhlanzekile njengemvume yokuqhubeka, hhayi njengobufakazi.
Bhala uchungechunge lohlelo oluvela kusifayela kanambambili elisebenze ngempela, hhayi emcabangweni womphathi wamaphakheji wokuthi kufakwe ini. Lokhu kukuthi akuhambisani kaningi kunalokho okulindelekile.
Umfaki unophahla lwakhe
Ingxenye ephethe ukusebenzisa ingase ibe i-plugin ye-NetworkManager esikhundleni sefayela kanambambili lenjini, futhi ingabeka umkhawulo wako ngaphambi kokuba kube nomhubhe. Umhleli wayo ungabonisa insimu injini esebenzayo engayifundi neze, noma ifunde insimu engayibonisi umhleli. Zombili lezi zimo zibonakala njengephutha lekhlayenti uma zibukwa ngaphandle. Akukho okulungiswa ngokuhlela iphrofayili.
Bala okwafikayo hhayi okwalungiselelwe. Umyalo ip route show dev tun0 uwukisa imizila efakiwe, futhi ukuqhathanisa leyo nombolo nohlu oluthunyelwe kwahlukanisa umzila olahliwe kowona ongakaze uthunyelwe. Inombolo ehambisana nokuthunyelwa ibuyisela ukungabaza kusiphathi-mkhathi.
Isembozo se-shell esizungeze isifayela kanambambili senjini ukuze siphoqelele inombolo enkulu sidunga ukuphakanyiswa futhi senze ukuhlehla kube ukuqagela. Siphinde sifihle umkhawulo wangempela kubo bonke abazofunda ukuhlelwa ngemuva kwalokho.
Isiphathi-mkhathi sinquma ukuthi wathola ini
Inqubomgomo yekhlayenti ngayinye inganciphisa uhlu ngaphambi kokudluliswa. Ifayela eliqondene nekhlayenti lingengeza imizila kubunikazi obunye, noma inqubomgomo yeqembu ingayishiya, futhi ikhlayenti ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa umzila ohlungiwe kowona ongakaze uchazwe. Yikho lokho kungaqondakali okwenza irekhodi lesiphathi-mkhathi libaluleke. Cela uhlu lwangempela lokuthumela lalolo bunikazi, hhayi ithempulethi.
Qhathanisa irekhodi lesiphathi-mkhathi nohlu olutholiwe. Igebe phakathi kwazo yisendlalelo senqubomgomo, futhi ngokuvamile lincane kunalokho iphrofayili ekuphakamiselayo.
Lapho umklamo uvuma, fingqa amanethiwekhi aseduze futhi susa okufakiwe okudlule isikhathi. Imizila emincane kodwa emikhulu ixazulula izimo eziningi kunophahla oluphakeme.
Shintsha inombolo endaweni efanele
Sebenzisa isilungiselelo esibhaliwe sengxenye ephethe umkhawulo ngempela. Uma insimu ingekho ku-plugin, hlola ukuthi i-plugin indala kunesici noma ngabe enye ingemuva iphethe imizila. Bese ubhala izinguqulo zenjini, ze-plugin nesiphathi-mkhathi eduze kwenani olikhethile. Ukwenyuka okulandelayo kuvula umbuzo futhi, futhi inothi yiyo eyenza uphenduleke.
Phinda uhlole ngemuva kokwenyuka kwanoma yikuphi kwalaba abathathu. Umkhawulo ophakanyiswe endaweni efanele usahamba lapho ingxenye ewusebenzisayo ishintsha. Irekhodi lezinguqulo yilona kuphela elenza lokho kuhamba kubikezeleke.