Kungani i-VPN izwakala inensayo ngesikhathi sokulayisha: ukubambezeleka komugqa

Isipele siqala ukulayisha, isibali sokudlulisa sibukeka siphilile, futhi ucingo lwevidiyo luphenduka isiphithiphithi. Ucingo alunakho ukusweleka komkhawulokudonsa ngendlela lelo nani elisikisela ngayo; amaphakethe alindile emugqeni kwenye indawo futhi lawo asebenzisanayo alele ngemuva kwedatha enkulu. Lokhu ukubambezeleka komugqa, okuvame ukubizwa nge-bufferbloat. I-VPN ingangeza umugqa wayo, kodwa ayivamisile ukudala inkinga yodwa.

Umkhawulokudonsa nokubambezeleka kuyizilinganiso ezihlukene

I-throughput iphendula ukuthi idatha engakanani ihamba ngomzuzwana, kuyilapho ukubambezeleka kuphendula ukuthi iphakethe elilodwa lithatha isikhathi esingakanani ukweqa indlela. Ucingo olugcwele lungagcina umthwalo omkhulu futhi lusabike i-throughput enhle, ngoba umugqa uqhumuka ngesivinini somugqa lapho ukuqhuma kuphela. Ithrafikhi esebenzisanayo ihlupheka kuqala, ngoba ucingo ludinga iphakethe njalo ngemizuzwana embalwa, hhayi ifayela elikhulu ekugcineni. Ngakho-ke ukulinganisa umphumela wokuhlolwa kwesivinini kuphela kufihla uphawu olukwenze wabheka.

Qaphela nendlela ngaphansi komthwalo. Ibhafa yokulayisha egcwele ingabambezela konke okunye ngenkathi umthamo wokulanda ulele.

Linganisa ukuhamba nokubuya ngaphansi komthwalo

Thatha umugqa oyisisekelo ocingweni oluthulile, bese uphinda isilinganiso esifanayo ngenkathi ukudluliswa okulawulwayo okukodwa kusebenza. Qhathanisa ukugijima okubili, hhayi izinombolo eziphelele.

ping -c 20 -i 0.2 203.0.113.5
dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=50 | ssh [email protected] "cat > /dev/null"

Umyalo wokuqala uthatha amasampula esikhathi sokuhamba nokubuya, futhi owesibili udala ukulayisha okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesevisi yokuhlola isivinini. Umugqa oyisisekelo ohlala uyisicaba, bese kuba ukugijima okunomthwalo okukhuphuka ngamakhulu emizuzwana, wuphawu okufanele ulufune. Amanye amanethiwekhi ehlisa ukubaluleka kwe-ICMP, ngakho-ke thatha i-ping njengomkhondo futhi uqinisekise ngombukiso wokubambezeleka wohlelo ngokwalo. Gcina ukuhlolwa kufushane emiceleni elinganisiwe, ngoba umehluko ophindwayo ubaluleke kakhulu kunokugcwala isikhathi eside.

Hambisa umugqa lapho kunokuvinjelwa khona

Ukuphathwa komugqa kusiza kuphela kudivayisi egcina umthwalo ngempela. Hlola ukuthi isikhombimsebenzisi senzani ngaphambi kokwengeza imithetho.

tc -s qdisc show dev eth0
tc qdisc replace dev eth0 root fq_codel

Umyalo show ubika isiyalo samanje kanye nezibali zomthwalo nokulahlwa, okukutshela ukuthi lesi sikhombimsebenzisi siyisivimbelo noma sidlulisa ithrafikhi nje. Ukushintsha isiyalo sezimpande nge-algorithm yomugqa enobulungiswa kunikeza imifudlana emifushane ithuba layo esikhundleni se-FIFO eyodwa eyabiwe nedatha enkulu. Yisebenzise kusikhombimsebenzisi se-WAN somzila lapho umzila uyisivimbelo, hhayi kudivayisi yomhubhe ngenxa yomkhuba. Gcina ukumiswa kwangaphambili futhi uphinde uhlole ukusabela ngaphansi komthwalo kanye nesivinini sokudlulisa, ngoba isivinini se-bulk esiphansi kancane siwukushintshana okuhle kwezingcingo ezisebenzisekayo.

Yini umhubhe ayishintshayo futhi yini ayifihlayo

I-VPN yengeza ukubethelwa kanye nokunye ukugxuma, futhi ifihla imifudlana ngayinye kumishini engaphandle komhubhe. Lokhu kubalulekile lapho idivayisi ephezulu inikeza ukubaluleka ngohlelo ngalunye, ngoba ibona amaphakethe abethelwe esikhundleni sezingxoxo zokuqala. Umzila ophela umhubhe ngokwawo unombono nomthwalo womsebenzi ohlukile futhi ungahlukanisa ngaphakathi kuwo. Akukho kulawa malungiselelo amabili okususa umugqa kucingo lokufinyelela, okuvame ukuba yindawo lapho ukubambezeleka kunqwabelana khona.

Uma ukubambezeleka kungalulandeli umthwalo, yeka ukulungisa imigqa bese ubheka kwenye indawo: izimo ze-Wi-Fi, izinkinga zosayizi wephakethe noma indlela eyodwa embi yokuphuma. Izilungiselelo zomugqa ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesilinganiso zisusa imfihlakalo kuphela.