Amaphasiwedi e-VPN ngokumelene nezitifiketi zeklayenti: yikuphi okululama ngokushesha
Iphasiwedi nesitifiketi kufakazela izinto ezihlukene futhi kwehluleka ezindaweni ezihlukene. Qhathanisa ukukhishwa, ukuphela kwesikhathi nokuhoxiswa ngaphambi kokuzihlanganisa.
Ukusetshenziswa okukodwa kucela igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi, okunye kucela isitifiketi seklayenti, futhi okwesithathu kucela kokubili. Lokhu kukhetha kushintsha okuningi kunebhokisi lokungena: kunquma ukuthi izifakazelo zikhishwa kanjani, ziphela kanjani isikhathi, ukululama kukhangeleka kanjani ngo-2 ekuseni nokuthi ubani ongahoxisa ukufinyelela kwedivayisi eyodwa ngqo. Qhathanisa umjikelezo wempilo wokusebenza, hhayi ibhokisi lengxoxo.
Iphasiwedi iyimfihlo ye-akhawunti eqinisekiswa inqubo yokuqinisekisa, kanti isitifiketi ubunikazi kanye nobufakazi bokutholakala kokhiye waso wangasese. Lezi izinto ezihlukene ezinezindlela zokwehluleka ezihlukene.
Ubufakazi obubili obuhlukene, amabhokisi amabili ahlukene
Iphasiwedi ifakazela ulwazi lwemfihlo eyabiwe, ngakho iseva iqhathanisa i-hash futhi uhlelo lwe-akhawunti lunomjikelezo wempilo. Isitifiketi sifakazela ukutholakala kokhiye wangasese, futhi iseva iqinisekisa uchungechunge lwamasiginesha kuze kufike ku-CA eyithembayo. Eyesibili ingakwazi ukukhomba idivayisi esikhundleni somuntu, yingakho ukusetshenziswa kuvame ukukhipha eyodwa nge-laptop ngayinye. Umusho wokhiye ovikela ifayela lokhiye ungenye into yesithathu: ugada ifayela lapho liphumule futhi awuyona iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti ye-VPN.
Ukuqinisekiswa kweseva kusadingeka kunoma yikuphi ukuhlanganiswa. Izifakazelo ezivumelekile ezithunyelwa endaweni yokugcina okungasayiqapheli ubunikazi bayo zisayizifakazelo ezinikezwe lowo ophendulile, yingakho ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi seseva kungaphansi kwephrofayela eyisisekelo hhayi isinyathelo sokuxazulula izinkinga.
Ukukhishwa, ukuphela kwesikhathi nokuhoxiswa yikhona okuyizindleko zangempela
Amaphasiwedi ashibhile ukuwakhipha futhi ayabiza ukuwasekela: ukusetha kabusha, inqubomgomo, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nomugqa wedeski losizo. Izitifiketi zihambisa lezo zindleko phambili, lapho kudingeka i-CA, inqubo yokusayina kanye nomgudu wokusabalalisa, bese zengeza ikhalenda lokuphela kwesikhathi okungekho oyikhumbulayo. Kokubili kudinga ukuhoxiswa okuhleliwe. Isitifiketi esihoxisiwe sidinga i-CRL efundwa ngempela yiseva ngayinye, futhi i-akhawunti ekhutshaziwe idinga ukuthi ingxenye yangemuva yokuqinisekisa iyale emuva ekuxhumekeni okulandelayo hhayi ekusawenzisweni okulandelayo.
Awekho amasu abavikelekile nje ngoba ekhona. Umbuzo uwukuthi yimuphi umjikelezo wempilo iqembu elingawusebenzisa ngokungaguquki.
Yini ephukayo lapho idivayisi ilahleka
Nge-laptop elahlekile, susa ugunyaziwe idivayisi eyayilusebenzisa ngempela. Ukusetha kabusha iphasiwedi akusihoxisi isitifiketi sayo, futhi ukukhipha isitifiketi esisha akushintshi iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti engahlobene. Ubunikazi obuhlukene ngedivayisi yinye kwenza ukususwa okuqondisiwe kube nokwenzeka, kuyilapho izifakazelo ezabiwe zisho ukuthi ukususa idivayisi eyodwa kuthinta eziningi. Bhala inqubo yokululama yomhlahlandlela ngamunye ngaphambi kokuyidinga, kuhlanganise nokuthi ubani ongasayina isitifiketi esikhundla ngaphandle kwamahora okusebenza.
Zijwayeze indlela yokuhoxisa esikhundleni sokuyicabangela: hoxisa ubunikazi bokuhlola, qinisekisa ukuthi iseva iyenqaba ekuxhumekeni okusha, bese uyibuyisela. Inqubo yokuhoxisa engakaze yazijwayeza ivamise ukwehluleka ngesikhathi esidingeka ngaso.
Ukuqhuba kokubili ngaphandle kokuphinda umsebenzi
Ukusetshenziswa okuningi kuhlanganisa kokubili ngamabomu: isitifiketi sedivayisi kanye nezifakazelo ze-akhawunti zomuntu, ukuze i-laptop ebiwe inganele futhi iphasiwedi ephuzile inganele. Lokho kuhlanganiswa kuyazuzisa kuphela lapho imijikelezo emibili yempilo ihlala ihlukene futhi kokubili kwenziwe ngokuzenzakalela. Uma kungenjalo ideski losizo liqhuba imigqa emibili futhi inzuzo yokuphepha ihlala iyithiyori.
Khetha indlela esekelwa ngempela amaklayenti ensizakalo namathuluzi okuphatha. Ukwenza buthaka ukuqinisekisa ukuze iphrofayela engahambisani ixhumeke kuhlanekezela yonke inhloso, futhi iphrofayela ehlelwe yaze yaxhumeka ivamise ukuba ngeyodwa engasahloli lokho eyayakhelwe ukukuhlola.
Rekhoda ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngakunye kudinga buphi ubufakazi nokuthi kuhoxiswa kanjani ngakunye. Umcimbi olandelayo uzobuza lokho ngqo.