I-VPN ithi ixhunyiwe, kodwa indlela yokuqala isifile
Ukusuka ku-Wi-Fi ukuya ku-Ethernet kungase kushiye indlela nesixazululi kumhubhe wakudala. Funda zombili izimo ngokwehlukana, bese ulungisa okungalungile.
Iklayenti libika ukuthi ixhunyiwe, isithonjana kuthireyi sibukeka ngokwejwayelekile, futhi akukho okulayishwayo. Kwaqala ngemva nje kokuba usuke ku-Wi-Fi waya kukhebuli, noma ngemva nje kokuba ukunyuswa kwesabelo kuqedile. Okwaphukile akusiyo iphrofayela kodwa isimo esakhiwe ukuxhumana koyisisekelo sangaphambilini. I-kernel isanendlela yokuqala ekhomba kudivayisi yomhubhe okungekho muntu oyiphethe, noma isixazululi sisabala amaseva kuxhumano olunyamalalayo. Zombili iziphambeko zibukeka njengenethiwekhi efile futhi zombili zingalungiswa endaweni.
Izingcezu ezindala zase zinephutha ngaphambi kokuba uziqaphele. Ukukhipha ikhebuli kwenze nje ukuthi zibonakale.
Buza i-kernel ukuthi iphakethe lizoya kuphi
Uhlu lwemizila kunzima ukulufunda ngoba lubala konke okwaziwa uhlelo, kuhlanganise nokufakiwe okungasasebenzi. Ukusesha umzila kuphendula umbuzo owodwa ofanele ukubuzwa: iyiphi idivayisi ethwala leli phakethe elithile njengamanje. Uma impendulo isho idivayisi yomhubhe, i-kernel izoyisebenzisa ngisho kungekho nqubo yeklayenti ephilayo ngemuva kwayo, futhi iphakethe liwela kusixhumi esinganakekelwa muntu. Uma impendulo isho i-adaptha ye-Ethernet kuyilapho iklayenti ligcizelela ukuthi luxhunyiwe, umhubhe ukhona kodwa ulahlekelwe ukukhethwa, okuwumphumela ojwayelekile wokudlula kusuka kokungenantambo ukuya kokunentambo.
Gijima ukusesha kabili, kanye ngekheli lomphakathi futhi kanye ngekheli langaphakathi, ngoba inqubomgomo yomhubhe ehlukanisiwe ingaqondisa elinye ngokwethembeka bese ilahla elinye.
ip route show default
ip route get 1.1.1.1
ip route get 10.20.30.40Isixazululi naso sigcina uxhumano olufile
Kumsingathi one-systemd-resolved, amaseva e-DNS angawokuxhumana hhayi uhlu lwembulunga olulodwa. Uxhumano lwe-VPN olwehla lungahlala lubhalisiwe namaseva alo isikhashana, bese kuthi ukusesha ngakunye kulinde ikheli elingasoze liphendule. Lokho kubambezeleka kuzwakala njengenethiwekhi efile futhi kuthumela abantu ukuba babheke imizila ngenkathi umzila ulungile.
resolvectl status
resolvectl query intranet.example.comFunda amabhulokhi ngokuxhumana ngakunye bese ukhomba ukuthi yikuphi ukuxhumana okungumnikazi wesizinda okukhulunywa ngaso. Umhubhe ophakeme kodwa ongewona umnikazi wesizinda sangaphakathi udlulisela amagama angaphakathi kusixazululi somphakathi, futhi uphawu alunakwehlukaniswa nephutha lokuhambisa imizila.
Lungisa ukubhaliswa, hhayi /etc/resolv.conf. Kuma-install akhona e-Ubuntu ne-Fedora leyo ndlela iyisixhumaniso sohlelo esiya esimweni sokusebenza sesixazululi, ngakho ukuhlela kunganakwa noma kubhalwe phezulu kumcimbi olandelayo wenethiwekhi.
I-VPN ayisoze iqale ngokwayo
I-NetworkManager iphakamisa i-VPN phezu kokuxhumana okuyisisekelo, futhi ifunda ukuthi yikuphi okufanele ikulandele ngokubheka connection.secondaries kuleso sisekelo. incwadi yezilungiselelo zokuxhumana isho ngokusobala ukuthi ukuxhumana okuzenzakalelayo akukasetshenziswa kumaphrofayela e-VPN. Yiyo yonke indlela engemuva kwalolu hlobo lwephutha: shintsha isisekelo, futhi i-VPN kufanele iphinde ibhangqwe noma ivulwe ngesandla.
nmcli device status
nmcli connection show --active
nmcli connection up office-vpnUma uhlu olusebenzayo lukhombisa isisekelo ngaphandle kwe-VPN, umhubhe awusebenzi nhlobo futhi umzila awukaze ufakwe esikhundleni sokushiywa umdala. Uma ukuvulwa kukhononda ngokuthi akukho xhumano lomthombo, isisekelo elalibhangqwe nalo sinyamalele, ngakho lungisa isisekelo noma ukubhangqa kuqala bese uyeka ukuzama i-VPN futhi.
Ukuphakamisa kungase kushiye izilungiselelo ngaphandle somlayezo
Ukunyusa isabelo kushintsha iklayenti futhi kaningi isengezo saso se-NetworkManager, kuyilapho iphrofayela egciniwe igcina amagama ezakhiwo eyabhalwa nawo. Noma yini isengezo esisha elingasayiboni iyadlulwa buthule. Iphrofayela isasebenza futhi idivayisi isavela, kodwa umzila owawuhamba nayo awusafiki.
Amahuku abhalwe ngesandla nawo ayasuka. Iskripthi esasifaka umzila ngesikhathi esingabikezelwa kuhlelo lwakudala manje singase sisebenze ngaphambi kokuba isixhumi sibe khona, noma ngemva kokuba iklayenti seliphelelwe isikhathi.
Qhathanisa iphrofayela ephilayo nesengezo osinalo ngempela, hhayi nokuziphatha okukukhumbulayo. Uma ukhiye unyamalele emibhalweni, hambisa umsebenzi ku-skripthi yomthumeli noma kokunye okusekelwayo esikhundleni sokubuyisela isakhiwo sakudala.
Izimo ezintathu, izilungiso ezintathu ezihlukene
Nquma ukuthi usesimweni sini ngaphambi kokuthinta noma yini, ngoba ukuqala kabusha kucekela phansi ubufakazi futhi iphutha liyabuya ekushintsheni kwenethiwekhi okulandelayo.
| What the lookup shows | What it means | Repair |
|---|---|---|
| A default route via a device that exists but is unused | Leftover route from an earlier activation | Remove the stale entry, or bounce the profile that installed it |
| A tunnel device with no client process | The client skipped its cleanup | Fix the disconnect path, then clear the leftover device state |
| No tunnel device and no active profile | Missing base connection or broken pairing | Bring up the base, then pair the VPN with it again |
Qeda ngokusesha okukodwa kwekheli lomphakathi, okukodwa kwekheli langaphakathi kanye nombuzo wogama owodwa. Uma amakheli esebenza kodwa igama lingasebenzi, iphutha elisele yindawo yesizinda kusixazululi, futhi ithebula lemizila alikaze libe inkinga.