I-systemctl ithi i-systemd ayisiyo PID 1: pho-ke?

Uma systemctl start openvpn-client@office isiqaliswa futhi kufika umlayezo wokuthi uhlelo aluqaliswanga nge-systemd, lokho kubonakala njengokuhluleka kwesevisi. Empeleni akukhona ukuhluleka kwesevisi nhlobo: systemctl oyibizile ayitholi mqondisi ogijimayo ongakhuluma naye, ngakho akukho lutho olumayelana ne-OpenVPN oluhloliwe. sudo ayidali umqondisi, futhi nokufaka ifayela le-unit akukudali. Umyalo nomshini kuvela emazweni amabili ahlukene, futhi iphutha iyona ndawo kuphela lapho lokho kwabonakala khona.

Qala ngokubuza ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo oluphethe i-PID 1 lapho umyalo ugijima khona, ngoba leyo mpendulo inquma ukuthi ngabe ama-unit akhona noma cha.

Iphutha lisho indawo ezungezile, hhayi i-OpenVPN

systemctl iyiklayenti, hhayi umqondisi. Ixhuma kumqondisi wohlelo ngokusebenzisa i-socket, futhi uma kungekho mqondisi kolunye uhlangothi iphrinta umlayezo abantu abawunamathisela ezinkundleni zezindaba. ps -p 1 -o pid=,comm= ikhombisa ukuthi yini egijima ngempela njenge-PID 1, futhi impendulo ivamise ukuba i-shell, isigubungelo se-init noma indawo yokungena yesitsha uqobo. Esimweni esinjalo ifayela le-unit lingase libe semthethweni ngokuphelele futhi lingakaze lifundwe. Ukuphinda umyalo njenge-root kushintsha kuphela ubufakazi bokungena beklayenti.

Funda wonke umlayezo ngaphambi komugqa wokuqala. Iphutha elivela kumqondisi uqobo, njenge-unit engekho noma isimo esihlulekile, lisho ukuthi ufinyelele kuwona; leli phutha lisho ukuthi awufinyelelanga.

WSL: ukunika amandla i-systemd ukushintsha kokucushwa

I-WSL yathola ukusekelwa kwe-systemd ezinguqulweni zakamuva, kodwa lesi sici sinikwa amandla ngokwabiwa ngakunye futhi kuphela lapho inguqulo ye-WSL efakiwe iyisekela khona. wsl --version ohlangothini lwe-Windows ikhombisa ukuthi unani, futhi ifayela /etc/wsl.conf lokwabiwa line [boot] isigaba esiqukethe systemd=true. Hlela lelo fayela ngaphandle kokususa izigaba ezivele zikhona, bese uqalisa kabusha isimo se-WSL ukuze ushintsho lusebenze. wsl --shutdown imisa konke ukwabiwa okugijimayo, ngakho gcina umsebenzi wakho kuqala.

Ngemva kokuphinda uvule, qinisekisa umqondisi ngaphambi kokuthinta i-unit ye-OpenVPN: ps -p 1 -o comm= kufanele ikhombise systemd. Ukunika amandla i-systemd akunikezi iphrofayela, ubufakazi bokungena noma igama lesimo, ngakho iphutha elilandelayo lizomayelana nokunye kwalokho, hhayi i-PID 1.

Izitsha zigijimisa indawo yazo yokungena, hhayi ama-unit

Isitsha esivamile siqalisa lokho okushiwo yindawo yaso yokungena noma umyalo, futhi akusona umshini oqaliswe nge-systemd, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufaka amaphakethe ani. Ukwengeza i-systemctl esithombeni kukunikeza iklayenti elingenalutho elingaxhunywa kulo. Ku-Community OpenVPN, iphethini esekelwayo ivamise ukuba uhlelo olugijima phambili, openvpn --config /path/to/client.conf, oluqaliswa yindawo yokungena futhi lugadiwe ngaphandle. Lowo mnikazi ubhekana nokuqalisa, amasignali nokuvala, futhi kufanele kube yiyo kuphela into ephethe umhubhe.

Ungalokothi uqalise ikhophi esebenzisanayo eduze kwendawo yokungena esivele iphethe lowo mhubhe, ngoba izinhlelo ezimbili zizolwela idivayisi kanye nemizila. Uhlelo oluncane lwe-init ngaphakathi kwesitsha luqoqa izingane futhi ludlulise amasignali; aluguquli isithombe sibe umphathi one-unit.

Uma ukusatshalaliswa kudinga ngempela i-systemd ngaphakathi kwesitsha, kudinga isithombe esiklanyelwe lokho ngamabomu, hhayi izimvume ezengeziwe ezingezwa kwaze kwaba yilapho systemctl iyeka ukukhononda.

Funda iphutha elilandelayo uma umqondisi ekhona

Uma umqondisi wangempela eqalisa isevisi, amaphutha awusizo aqala. Ukuhluleka kwemvume yedivayisi, iphutha lokuhlaziya ukucushwa, ubufakazi bokungena obungekho kanye nozakwethu ongafinyelelekiyo — lezi yizinkinga ezine ezihlukene umlayezo we-PID 1 ongakaze uziwuhlole. Zifunde ngokulandelana okwazalwa ngayo yi-unit, usebenzisa journalctl -u openvpn-client@office -n 50 kumphathi we-systemd, noma ngokugijimisa iklayenti phambili lapho kungekho mqondisi. Ukugijima phambili futhi kuyindlela esheshayo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi iphrofayela ngokwayo iyasebenza.

Gcina izindawo ezimbili zihlukene emibhalweni yakho: umphathi ogijimisa umhubhe, kanye nendawo lapho uthayipha imiyalo.