rsync nge-VPN: iluphi uhlangothi umthombo weqiniso?

Amaseva amabili, i-VPN eyodwa, umkhombandlela owodwa okufanele ube khona kuzo zombili izindawo, kanye nomyalo okulula ukuwusebenzisa kodwa onzima ukuwuhlehlisa. Ngaphambi kokuwubhala, nquma ukuthi yikuphi ikhophi enegunya, ngoba wonke umbuzo we-rsync olandelayo uncike kuleyo mpendulo. Ikhophi yohlangothi olulodwa, ifolda yomsebenzi eyabiwe kanye nengqolobane enezinguqulo zidinga imithetho ehlukene yezinguquko nokususwa. Umhubhe unikeza indlela futhi awunawo umbono nganoma yikuphi kwalokhu.

Nquma ukuthi iyiphi ikhophi ezonqoba ngaphambi kokubhala umyalo

Bhala isiqondiso emshweni owodwa, kufaka phakathi igama lomsingathi kanye nendlela ohlangothini ngalunye, futhi uthole imvume kumnikazi wedatha. Kulo mhlahlandlela umthombo yi-/srv/publish/ kanti indawo okufinyelelwa kuyo yi-akhawunti ku-fileserver.example evunyelwe ukubhala kuphela ku-/srv/mirror/.

Qinisekisa amaqiniso okuthutha ngaphambi kwekhophi: ukhiye womsingathi we-SSH uqinisekisiwe, i-akhawunti yendawo okufinyelelwa kuyo ingabhala endaweni yekhophi hhayi kwenye indawo, futhi zombili izingqimba zinezinguqulo ze-rsync ezihambisanayo. Lezi zimiso zangaphambili zivimbela iphutha elincane lokuhlela ukuba libe isigameko semvume. Ziphinde zikutshele ukuthi iyiphi i-akhawunti ezovela kumarekhodi endawo okufinyelelwa kuyo lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle.

Buka ikhophi kuqala futhi ufunde uhlu olunemininingwane

Qalisa ikhophi ngokokuqala ngendwangu yokubuka kuqala bese ugcina okuphumayo. Izinguquko ezinemininingwane zikutshela okuzokwenzeka endleleni ngayinye, okuwusizo kakhulu kunombiko wokuphetha kamuva. Gcina okuphumayo kurekhodi lezinguquko ukuze ukusebenza okulandelayo kube nokokuqhathanisa nakho.

rsync -rt --dry-run --itemize-changes -e ssh -- /srv/publish/ [email protected]:/srv/mirror/

Ukushefa kokugcina kubalulekile. Ohlangothini lomthombo kusho okuqukethwe yileyondlela, kanti ukukushiya kwengeza izinga elengeziwe lomkhombandlela oqanjwe ngomthombo. Incwadi ye-rsync ibhala zombili izinhlobo kanye namadwangu okugcina imethadatha, futhi iqoqo lezinketho ozidingayo lincike kudatha hhayi emkhubeni.

Funda umugqa ngamunye uma uqhathanisa nendawo okufinyelelwa kuyo obuyihlosile. Ukususa indwangu yokubuka kuqala kwenza ikhophi futhi kungase kubhale phezu kwamafayela, futhi ngaphandle kwenketho yokususa amafayela engeziwe asevele ekhona endaweni okufinyelelwa kuyo ahlala nje lapho ekhona. Lokhu kuwukuhlela okuvikelekile kuphela uma ngempela unqume ukuthi amafayela amadala asele ngemuva ayamukelekile. Uma impendulo ingu-cha, isinqumo sokususa esingezansi yisona okufanele sithathwe, hhayi indwangu eyengeziwe efafazwa kulo myalo.

Bese unquma ukuthi ukususwa kuyahamba yini

Ukwenza indawo okufinyelelwa kuyo ibe isibuko kuyisinqumo sesibili, hhayi ukucwenga kwesokuqala. Yibuke kuqala ngokwehlukile, ngokwengeza indwangu yokususa futhi kungabanga khona okunye okushintshiwe, ukuze umehluko ohlwini ube ngowaleso sinqumo ngokuphelele.

rsync -rt --delete --dry-run --itemize-changes -e ssh -- /srv/publish/ [email protected]:/srv/mirror/

Ukususwa kususa amafayela engeziwe ohlangothini olwamukelayo ngaphakathi kobubanzi obuvumelanisiwe, yingakho indlela engalungile yomthombo, umkhombandlela ongagxumisiwe noma isihlungi esikhipha okungaphezu kwalokho obekuhlosiwe kungenza ukusebenza okubhubhisayo kubonakale njengesibuko esihlanzekile. Uhlu lokubuka kuqala yilona kuphela indawo lapho lowo mehluko ubonakala khona ngaphambi kokuba kube kubi. Gcina ikhophi yokubuyisela ezimele lapho idatha ikufanelekela, futhi khumbula ukuthi isibuko siphinda ngokwethembeka ukususwa okungahlosiwe esikhundleni sokugcina umlando.

Ukubuka kuqala futhi akukhiyi lutho. Abantu bahlela amafayela phakathi kokuzama nokwenzeka kwangempela, futhi izinhlelo zamafayela zinemibono yazo, ngakho ukusebenza okugunyazayo nokusebenza okwenzekayo akusona isenzo esifanayo ngaphandle uma zombili izihlahla zithule.

Imisebenzi emibili yohlangothi olulodwa ayenzi ukuvumelanisa kwezinhlangothi ezimbili

Ukuqalisa umyalo ofanayo kuzo zombili iziqondiso iyona ndlela evamile yokulahlekelwa idatha kulesi simo. Uhlangothi ngalunye luthatha olunye uhlangothi njengendawo okufinyelelwa kuyo futhi ludweba ngenjabulo okuqukethwe okusha, futhi ukususwa kubonakala ngokulandelana lapho uhlelo lwezikhathi luqala khona.

Uma abasebenzisi kufanele bahlele zombili izikhophi, leso yisinqumo esinye somkhiqizo: ukuphatha ukungqubuzana, ukulandelela ukususwa kanye nethuluzi eliklanyelwe leyo modeli. Ukusondela kukho ngokulandelana kohlelo lwezikhathi yindlela ifolda eyabiwe ethola ngayo izinguqulo ezimbili zedokhumende ngayinye okungekho muntu ongazihlanganisa. Sinqume ngokucacile esikhundleni sokusondela kukho ngokufaka okubili kwe-cron nethemba.

Yenza ngokuzenzakalela kuphela ngemuva kokubhalwa kwenqubomgomo

Umsebenzi ohleliwe kufanele uphethe isiqondiso, izindlela, inqubomgomo yemethadatha kanye nesinqumo sokususa esigunyaziwe. Beka lawo maqiniso amahlanu kufayela lomsebenzi ngokwalo, hhayi ekhasini le-wiki umphathi olandelayo angase angalifundi neze. Vimbela ukusebenza okuhlangana, ngoba izikhophi ezimbili ezibhala isihlahla esisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa zikhiqiza isimo okungekho kuzo ezazisihlosile.

Uma umthombo kuyisizindalwazi esiphilayo noma enye isethi yedatha enamafayela amaningi, thatha kuqala ukuthunyelwa okuhambisana nohlelo noma isithombe esihleliwe. Ukuzulazula amafayela ngokuphindaphinda akusona isenzo sokuthengiselana, futhi ikhophi yesethi yedatha eshintshayo ayihambisani.

Rekhoda ukuqedwa nokwehluleka, futhi uhlole isethi yedatha endaweni okufinyelelwa kuyo hhayi ikhodi yokuphuma kuphela. Ukubuyisela i-VPN ngemuva kokuphazamiseka kubuyisela ukuxhumana; akusho lutho mayelana nokuthi ikhophi yokugcina yaqedwa yini noma ukuthi izinguquko ezingqubuzanayo zake zaxazululwa yini.