I-laptop ehambayo: igama elizinzile noma ikheli lehhovisi eliqinile?

Uvula ikhonsoli yokuphatha usekhaya, ufuna i-laptop ngegama bese uthola ikheli elingasasebenzi lapho ishiya ihhovisi. Umzwelo wokuqala ukuthi udlulisele ikheli lehhovisi ku-VPN adapter ukuze konke kuqhubeke kusebenza. Kodwa lokho kulungisa kuvame ukuphula okunye, ngoba ukuthola idivayisi, ukuvumela ithrafikhi yayo nokugcina isikhathi sokusebenza siphila kuyizinkinga ezintathu ezihlukene. Zihlukanise ngaphambi kokukhetha umklamo wamakheli.

Hlukanisa izidingo ezintathu

Bhala ukuthi iyiphi kwezintathu ehluleka ngempela. Umuntu noma ithuluzi alikwazi ukuthola insizakalo; iseva yenqaba izicelo ngoba ikheli lomthombo alikho ohlwini; noma uhlelo luyawa lapho i-interface ishintsha. Kuspreadsheet zibukeka zifana futhi zidinga izilungiso ezihlukene.

Izikhalazo eziningi zokuhamba ziwela kubhasikidi wokuqala futhi zixazululwa ku-DNS. Ukubiza ubunikazi obuzinzile kushibhile futhi kuhlanganisa icala lokuqala. Ukugcina ikheli kuyabiza futhi kusiza elesibili kuphela uma inqubomgomo izobhalwa kabusha noma kanjani.

Yenza igama libe yinto ezinzile

Nikeza i-laptop igama elixazulula kunoma yiliphi ikheli elifinyeleleka kumfoni. Kulesi sibonelo ikheli lehhovisi ngu-192.168.50.42, ichibi lokufinyelela kude linikeza u-10.90.0.42, futhi u-laptop17.corp.example ulandela uxhumano. Akukho okudinga ukuthi i-octet yokugcina ifane, futhi ukuklama ngakulokho kufana kwenza umsebenzi ongenanzuzo. Irekhodi kufanele likhombe ekhelini umfoni angalisebenzisa ngempela, hhayi kuwo wonke ama-interface i-laptop eyake yaba nawo.

dig +short laptop17.corp.example

Izixazululi zigcina izimpendulo ku-cache, ngakho ushintsho alusheshi kuwo wonke umuntu. Ama-TTL amafushane ayasiza, futhi umqondo wokuxhuma kabusha kohlelo usiza kakhulu.

Lapho uhlu lwemithombo evunyelwe luyisithiyo sangempela

Uhlu lwemithombo evunyelwe lubona ikheli elilutholayo insizakalo evikelwe, ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukuhumusha. Kuvame ukuba yikheli le-gateway noma le-NAT hhayi elika-laptop uqobo, yingakho ukuhlela amarekhodi e-DNS kungalokothi kulungise isicelo esenqatshiwe. Buyekeza inqubomgomo yekheli elifika ngempela, noma shintsha uhlu ngobunikazi obuqinisekisiwe.

Bamba isicelo esisodwa esamukelwe kuseva futhi ufunde inkambu yomthombo, bese uphinda usuka endleleni ekude. Uma amakheli amabili ehlukene, inqubomgomo idinga amangeno amabili noma enye indlela. Bhala womabili amakheli kanye nengeno yenqubomgomo ukuze umuntu olandelayo abone ukuthi kungani kukhona amabili. Ukwephinda ukusebenzisa ikheli eselivele likhona kusixhumanisi esifanayo inkinga ehlukene yokungqubuzana enemithetho yayo yokuthola.

Ukuqhubeka kudinga ini ngempela

Ukuqhubeka koxhumano kuyisidingo esinzima kakhulu futhi yiso esingaqondwa kahle kakhulu. Uxhumano lwe-TCP lubonakala ngamakheli womabili namachweba womabili, ngakho ikheli lendawo elisha luxhumano olunye, kungakhathalise ukuthi i-DNS ithini. Izinhlelo ezibalulekile kufanele zixhumane kabusha, okusho isigaba sesikhathi noma iklayenti elizama futhi, hhayi iqhinga lenethiwekhi. Buka isikhathi sokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuhamba futhi ukuphuka kwenzeka ngokushesha, hhayi kancane kancane.

ss -tnp state established '( dport = :443 )'

Ukuklona ikheli le-MAC nakho akuxazululi lokhu. Ubunikazi bokuqasha be-DHCP bungasebenzisa isihlonzi sekliyenti esicacile, futhi ama-interface amabili abelana ubunikazi bunye asadinga izindlela ezihambisana. Thatha ukuhamba njengomklamo wohlelo nokwabiwa, futhi gcina ubunikazi bedivayisi buzinzile ngenkathi ikheli layo lilandela inethiwekhi.