Ukushintsha ukhiye we-VPN ophumile: okumele ikusebenze ngakho iseva
Ukususa ifayela akushintshi lutho kuseva. Ukushintsha kusho ubunikazi obusha obusebenzayo kanye nobudala isango elibwenqabayo ngempela, ngalolo hlelo.
Ikhompyutha ephathekayo eyayiphethe ukhiye weklayenti yalahleka, futhi isinyathelo sokuqala ngokuvamile ukususa ikhophi yasendaweni. Lokho akushintshi lutho kuseva, esenalo igunya elizokwamukela lowo khiye kuze kube umuntu ulisusa. Ukushintsha kuyimisebenzi emibili, futhi owesibili kuphela ophathelene nobufakazi obudala.
Ikhophi yasendaweni ayilona igunya
Ubufakazi be-VPN bamukelwa ngoba ukucushwa ohlangothini lweseva kusho njalo. Ezitifiketini lokho kusho ukuthi isitifiketi sixhumene nomkhiphi othembekile futhi asiveli ohlwini lokuhoxiswa isango elibhekayo. Kwi-WireGuard lokho kusho ukuthi ukhiye womphakathi womlingani uvela ekucushweni kwesixhumi. Ukususa ifayela kuklayenti kususa ikhophi eyodwa yemfihlo futhi kushiye umthetho wokwamukela ungathintekile.
Yikho ukhiye owebile uqhubeka usebenza ngemuva kokuhlanza okusobala, futhi yikho isigameko sizwakala singakaxazululwa ngisho lapho ukucushwa okusha sekufakiwe.
Qala emthethweni weseva, bese usebenza ngaphandle uya kuklayenti.
Izitifiketi: iseva inesinqumo
Khipha okushintshayo ngohlelo lomkhiphi uqobo ukuze ubunikazi obusha bubhaliswe, bese uhoxisa okudala ngokuhoxiswa okusayiniwe. Isango kufanele lilicushwe ukuthi libheke lowo mthombo wokuhoxiswa, futhi kufanele liwulayishe kabusha, uma kungenjalo ifayela lihlala kudiski kuyilapho umhubhe uqhubeka wamukela inombolo yokulandelana endala. Amaseshini asebenzayo nawo angaphila kuze kufike ukuxoxisana kabusha, ngakho hlela ukuxhuma kabusha.
Qinisekisa ukuthi okushintshayo kuyasebenza kuhlelo lokusebenza okuhlosiwe, bese uqinisekisa ngohlelo olugunyaziwe ukuthi isitifiketi esithathiwe asisakhi ukufinyelela.
Leyo iyizivivinyo ezimbili ezihlukene futhi zombili ziyadingeka. RFC 5280 ichaza incazelo yesitifiketi nokuhoxiswa isango elincike kuyo.
WireGuard: ukhiye womlingani uwubunikazi
I-WireGuard ayinalo ungqimba lwesitifiketi: ukhiye womphakathi womlingani ubunikazi, futhi umugqa we-allowed-ips weseva igunya. Ukususa umlingani omdala ekucushweni kwesixhumi ukuhoxiswa, futhi kusebenza ngokushesha kuma-handshake amasha.
Amaseshini akhona aphela lapho i-handshake elandelayo ihluleka, lokho okuvame ukwenzeka phakathi namaminithi ambalwa hhayi ngokushesha.
Sakaza ukucushwa okusha ngesiteshi ongayethemba ngayo iphasiwedi, ngoba ukhiye oyimfihlo uwubufakazi. Gcina ukhiye oyedwa ngedivayisi ngayinye, ukuze idivayisi eyodwa elahlekile ingaphoqi zonke izinto zikagesi ukuthi zishintshe.
Yini enye eyayikulelo bhandela
Ibhandela leklayenti livame ukuthwala okungaphezu kokhiye oyimfihlo: ukhiye we-TLS ongaguquki, igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi, imfihlo eyabiwe ngaphambili noma ithokheni yokuhlinzeka. Khawulela isigameko kulokho okuvele ngempela futhi ushintshe lezo zinto. Ukushintsha isitifiketi kuyilapho ushiya ukhiye ongaguquki owabiwe kuvala umnyango owodwa futhi kushiye omunye uvulekile.
Uma ibhandela lalingabiwe phakathi kwamadivayisi, yonke idivayisi elithwalayo izuza lokho kuvezeka.
Bhala phansi ukuthi yini eshintshiwe, ngoba ucwaningo olulandelayo luzobuza.
Fakazela ukwenqatshwa, bese ubhala ukushintsha
Ukushintsha kuphela lapho amaqiniso amabili emile: ubunikazi obusha busebenzela insizakalo ehlosiwe, futhi obudala bunqatshiwe. Qinisekisa okwesibili ngobufakazi obuthathiwe esikhathini esivela endaweni yokuhlola, noma ngomzamo olawulwayo ogunyazwe inhlangano, bese ufunda amalogi esango ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwenqatshwa kwavela kumgomo hhayi ephutheni lokuthayipha. Bese ubhala isihlonzi esidala, esisha kanye nesikhathi soshintsho, ngoba lawo makhetho amathathu yiwona umcwaningi awadingayo ukuze akwazi ukukwakha kabusha. Akukho okunye ethikithini okuzochaza lelo gebe.
Gcina okhiye abayimfihlo ngaphandle kwamathikithi nezingxoxo, futhi ngokomgomo susa okuthunyelwe ngaphandle osekuphelelwe yisikhathi esitolo nasezikhwameni eziyisipele.
Ukushintsha ngaphandle kokuhlola ukwenqatshwa kuwukucabanga, hhayi ukulungisa.