Ifayela le-PID likhona, akukho tunnel: ingabe i-OpenVPN yake yasebenza?

Lapho isiqalisi sinqaba ukuqala i-OpenVPN ngoba ifayela le-PID selivele likhona, ukufunda okungokwemvelo ukuthi kukhona i-tunnel esebenzayo kwenye indawo. Lokho kufunda kuvame ukungalungi ngokwanele ukuthi kube nesizathu sokukuhlola ngaphambi kokususa noma yini. Ifayela elikudlanzana lesikhathi sokusebenza liwukubalwa, futhi ukubalwa kuyasinda ekuphukeni, ekuqaliseni kabusha nasekuvalweni okuphazamisekile okungashiyanga nqubo. Imibuzo emibili inquma icala: ingabe ikhona inqubo ephilayo, futhi ingabe leyo nqubo ingeyalesi sikhathi.

Qala ngensizakalo, hhayi ngefayela

Ukunqaba kuvame ukuvela kusiqalisi hhayi ku-OpenVPN ngokwayo. Lifunda indlela, lithola okuthile lapho futhi liyeke ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa kokuhlelwa. Ngakho umbuzo wokuqala umayelana nenkontileka yesiqalisi, hhayi i-tunnel.

Funda iyunithi noma iskripthi esaphrinta umlayezo bese uphawula izinto ezintathu: indlela eliyihlolayo, uhlobo lwensizakalo eliludalulayo, nokuthi ingabe linomthwalo wokubhala ifayela. Iyunithi yesimanje ingasebenzisa ukugadwa okulula noma ukugadwa kwezaziso futhi ingalithinti neze ifayela le-PID, kuyilapho iskripthi se-init esidala singase senze elakhe ngokwalo. Ukukopisha ukuhlola kusuka kwelinye imodeli kuya kwelinye kukhiqiza kahle lolu hlobo lokunqaba. Thola ukuthi iyiphi imodeli esetshenziswayo ngaphambi kokuhumusha noma yini.

Yilapho kuphela umbuzo ophenduka ukuthi ingabe isikhathi siyasebenza ngempela.

Hlola ukuthi leso sikhombi singesikhathi sakho yini

Inombolo efayeleni ifakazela ukuthi inombolo yabhalwa. Ayifakazeli ukuthi inqubo enaleso sikhombi ikhona manje, futhi nakanjani ayifakazeli ukuthi inqubo ingeyakho, ngoba izikhombi zisetshenziswa kabusha ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha.

Qhathanisa isikhathi sokuqala senqubo nesigxivizo sesikhathi sefayela, ifayela elisebenzisekayo nomlayalo weyunithi, nobulungu bensizakalo negama leyunithi. Ukungafani komunye walaba abathathu kusho ukuthi ubheka ukubalwa, hhayi i-tunnel.

Kumsingathi osebenzisa amakhonteyina noma izikhala zamagama eziningi, isikhombi singaba nencazelo kumhono owodwa futhi singabikho komunye. Ukungayiboni inqubo nakho akusona ubufakazi bokuthi ayikho, uma i-akhawunti yakho ingakwazi ukuyihlola. Hlola kusukela kumongo osetshenziswa yisiqalisi ngaphambi kokufinyelela eziphethweni.

systemctl status [email protected]
ps -o pid,lstart,args -p "$(cat /run/openvpn/vpn.pid)"

Isiqalisi sathembisa ukwenzani ngefayela

PIDFile= sitshela umphathi wensizakalo ukuthi afunde kuphi isikhombi senqubo eyinhloko. Umphathi akalibhali lelo fayela, kodwa ususa elisele ngemva kokuvalwa, futhi yikho kanye okwenza ukuphuma okuphazamisekile kungashiya ifayela.

Lokhu kwabiwa komsebenzi kuchaza izimpawu ezimbili abantu abazibika njengezinkinga. Ifayela elingaveli neze lisho ukuthi i-daemon noma iskripthi sayo ayikwazanga ukulibhala, hhayi ukuthi ukugadwa kuhlelwe kabi. Ifayela elisala ngemva kokuma lisho ukuthi indlela yokuvala ayizange iqedwe.

Kubuye kuchaze ukuthi kungani imihlahlandlela yamanje iphakamisa ukugwema lo mkhuba lapho ukugadwa kungalandela ngqo inqubo eyinhloko. Leyo mihlahlandlela ayiyona imvume yokushintsha uhlobo lweyunithi epakishiwe, ngoba ukuziphatha kwe-daemon phambi, ekuhlukaniseni noma ekwaziseni kufanele kuhambisane nalokho okukudalulwa iyunithi. Shintsha uhlobo ngaphandle kokushintsha i-daemon futhi uzothola iyunithi ebika ukwehluleka ngesikhathi i-tunnel isebenza, noma okuphambene nalokho. Fanisa izimbili, noma ushiye zombili. Isiqondiso sensizakalo ye-systemd sichaza lokhu kwabiwa kobunikazi.

Ukuvala okuhlanzekile nokuphuma okuphazamisekile

Ukuma okuhlanzekile kucela i-daemon ukuthi iphume, ilinde yona futhi ivumele umphathi ukuthi ahlele ukubalwa kwayo. Ukuphuma okuphazamisekile, inqubo ebulewe noma ukuqalisa kabusha phakathi nokuvalwa kweqa izingxenye zalolo hlelo, futhi ifayela yilokho okusalayo. Ukulithola ngemva kokuphuka kutshela ukuthi ukuvalwa akuphelanga, hhayi ukuthi kukhona okulalelayo.

Qhathanisa isigxivizo sesikhathi sefayela nokuqalisa kokugcina nokuma kokugcina kweyunithi.

Bese uhlola ubufakazi obuphilayo ngqo. Isokhethi eliboshelwe echwebeni le-VPN kanye nesixhumanisi se-tunnel esinekhasi kungubufakazi bokuthi kukhona okusebenzayo, ngendlela ifayela lombhalo elikudlanzana lesikhathi sokusebenza elingasoze laba ngayo. Uma kokubili kungekho, akukho okusebenzayo, noma ifayela lithini.

Yeka ukususa ifayela ngomkhuba

Ukulisusa kuyisinyathelo sokulungisa esivumelekile ngemva kokuthola ukuthi akukho sikhathi esiliphethe nokuthi isiqalisi siyabhalisa lokhu kuziphatha.

Njengomkhuba ongunaphakade ngaphambi kokuqalisa, kubukela phansi ukuhlola okukugwemayo. Uma amafayela asephele isikhathi ebuya ngemva kwakho konke ukuma okuhlanzekile, umbhali kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila wokuvala abavumelani ngokuthi ubani ophethe indlela, futhi lokho kungavumelani yinkinga efanele ukulungiswa.

Gcina indlela ezimele yokungena kumsingathi, qalisa isikhathi esisodwa ngomphathi waso ojwayelekile, futhi ufunde umphumela wokuqala. Umuntu olandelayo uthola iyunithi esebenzayo noma ezichazayo.