Ukuphatha i-Raspberry Pi ku-LAN ngaphandle koxhoxho lwe-inthanethi

Amadivaysi amabili ku-LAN yangasese angashintshana ngethrafikhi evikelwe ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uxhoxho oluphezulu. Abakwazi ukukwenza ukudala izinsizakalo ezilindelwe umodeli wokuphepha oziqokile. Ngakho umsebenzi uyingxenye yokukhetha nengxenye yokubhala uhlu: khetha ukuvikelwa okufanele umsebenzi, bese ubhala uhlu lwakho konke okungafinyelela ku-inthanethi buthule.

Isiqagela salo mhlahlandlela ukuthi womabili amadivaysi anamakheli agunyaziwe kunethiwekhi efanayo yangasese. Ungafinyeleli esiphethweni sokufinyeleleka ngoba womabili axhumene ne-wifi efanayo; uxhumano, umzila kanye nemithetho yokufinyelela kusengukunquma lokho.

Khetha ukuvikelwa ngokomsebenzi, hhayi ngomkhuba

Iseshini yethemineli noma umsebenzi wokuphatha amafayela osekelwayo uhambisana ne-SSH, okwakhiwa kwayo kwehlukanisa ukuqinisekiswa kweseva, ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi kanye nemigudu ethwalwa ngaphakathi kokuthuthwa okuvikelwe. Ayikho kulezi zindima edinga umhlinzeki we-VPN wentengiso, futhi ayikho eyeqa ukusebenza ngenxa yokuthi awukho umzila wokuzenzakalelayo oya ku-inthanethi.

Insizakalo eyodwa eyengeziwe ye-TCP ingahamba ngokudluliselwa kwe-SSH okugunyaziwe lapho iseva ivuma: gcina isilaleli sasendaweni siboshelwe ngokuqinile futhi indawo ekuyiwa kuyo icacile, futhi khumbula ukuthi lokhu kudlulisela leyo nsizakalo eyodwa esikhundleni sokukhiqiza kabusha ingxenye ye-Ethernet.

Ukufinyelela okuhleliwe emakhelini amaningi noma kumaphrothokholi amaningi kuyisidingo esihlukile, futhi i-VPN ephelela endaweni ingakunikeza lokho. Uzakwabo kuleso simo iyingxenye yasendaweni efinyelelekayo, hhayi iphuzu lokugcina endaweni ethile ku-inthanethi, futhi ingxenye isadinga imizila ehlosiwe, imithetho yokudlulisela kanye nezimvume zensizakalo. Lapho uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa seluvele lukhuluma i-TLS ngendlela efanele, ukuyivumela ukuthi ivikele ukuxhumana kwayo ngokwayo kuvame ukuba yimpendulo encane kakhulu esebenzayo.

Bhala uhlu lwalokho okuzoshiya i-LAN

Lungiselela isofthiwe, ubunikazi bomsingathi kanye nezimpawu zokungena ngaphambi kokuthembela ebhentshini elihlukanisiwe, noma sebenzisa inqubo yokuletha ngaphandle koxhumano esekelwa inhlangano. Umyalo wokulanda awulona uhlelo lokufaka lomshini ongakwazi ukufinyelela umthombo, futhi ukuthola lokho phakathi nokuphazamiseka yisikhathi esibi sokukufunda.

Yenza ukuqanjwa kwamagama kube ngamabomu. Sebenzisa insizakalo ye-DNS yasendaweni ehlosiwe noma ukuhlelwa kwamakheli okubhaliwe, ngoba isixazululi sasobala esilungisiwe asidali indlela eya kuso. Ukushintsha ikheli lesokhethi nakho akusona isizathu sokweqa izihlolo zobunikazi zohlelo. Uma impendulo iwukuthi ibhentshi lisebenzisa amakheli nje, bhala nalokho, ukuze unjiniyela olandelayo angachithi ihora kusizindalwazi sokusesha esingakaze silungiswe.

Bese ufunda umodeli wokuqinisekisa nokuhlola wokuncika kwangaphandle: ukubhalisa, umhlinzeki wobunikazi, ukugunyazwa kwezinto eziningi, ukuthola isimo sesitifiketi, umthombo wesikhathi. Ngakunye kukho kuyisithiyo esingase sibe khona kunethiwekhi ehlukanisiwe. Zibhale uhlu ngaphambi kwewindi lokulungisa, hhayi phakathi kwalo, ngoba ukuncika okutholakala ngesikhathi esingalungile kwenza umsebenzi wemizuzu emihlanu ube ntokazi yonke. Nikeza ukuhlelwa okufinyelelekayo okugunyaziwe noma khetha umodeli osebenza ngaphandle koxhumano, futhi ungalokothi ucime uhlelo lokuhlola buthule ngenxa yokuthi insizakalo yalo ayikho.

Gcina izihlolo zobunikazi lapho kufanele khona

Qinisekisa ukhiye womsingathi noma isitifiketi esilindelekile ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokulungiselela oyethembayo, futhi gcina iwashi lilungile lapho iphrothokholi iqinisekisa izikhathi zesitifiketi. Ukwabelana ngeswishi nedivaysi akwenzi leyo divaysi ibe yileyo obuhlose ukuyifinyelela, futhi ukucabanga okuphambene nalokho yilona kanye iphutha umhlaseli engxenyeni efanayo angathanda ukuthi ulenze.

Isikhathi sifanele umugqa waso ohlelweni. Amaphrothokholi amaningi enqaba izimpawu zokungena ezivumelekile uma iwashi selihambe ngokwanele, futhi i-Pi engenawo umthombo wesikhathi wenethiwekhi ingahamba buthule izinyanga ngaphambi kokuba kukhale othile.

Hlola lapho uxhoxho oluphezulu lungakho ngempela

Khipha uxhoxho oluphezulu, bese wenza umsebenzi wokulungisa oqondile owawuklama ngawo: iseshini yethemineli, ikhophi yefayela, insizakalo edlulisiwe, uxhumano oluhleliwe. Qinisekisa ukuthi ubunikazi obunqatshiwe noma insiza enqatshiwe kusenqatshiwe, ngoba umklamo oveza kuphela indlela enhle awukahlolwa nhlobo. Funda amalogi ngesikhathi wenza lokho, ngoba ukwehluleka okuthakazelisayo yikho okushiya umkhondo ngaphandle kokushintsha umphumela.

Rekhoda iphuzu lokugcina lasendaweni, indlela yokuvikela kanye nakho konke ukuncika okusetshenziswe umsebenzi. Ukuphuma ku-inthanethi nendlela ephephile yokuphatha kwasendaweni kuyizidingo ezimbili ezihlukile, futhi ukuzigcina zihlukene yikho okwenza okwesibili kusinde lapho kulahleka okokuqala.