Okufakazelwa yi-openssl dhparam -check nokushiywa yiyo
Ukuphumelela ukuhlolwa kwepharamitha akulona ukubuyekezwa kokuphepha. Bona ukuthi kufakazelani ngefayela lakho le-DH, ukuthi usayida kanjani usayizi weqembu nokuthi ungakugwema kanjani ukukhiqiza kabusha.
Ukuphumelela dhparam -check kuzwakala njengesigwebo mayelana nokuhlelwa kwe-Diffie-Hellman kwe-VPN yakho. Akusikho. Umyalo uqhathanisa ifayela elilodwa lepharamitha nezibalo elithi liyazifeza, futhi awusho lutho ngokuthi usayizi weqembu uyahambisana yini nenqubomgomo yakho noma ukuthi umhubhe ulilayisha yini lelo fayela. Ukulifunda njengokubuyekezwa kokuphepha yilowo mqondo ofanele walungiswa kuqala.
Ifayela lepharamitha liqukethe inombolo eyinhloko nesikhiqizi. Ukuvumeleka kuyisici salezo zinombolo, kuyilapho amandla kuwukwahlulela ngemodeli yakho yezinsongo kanye nozakwenu, futhi kokubili akushintshani.
Ukuhlolwa kokuvumeleka kuqinisekisa ini ngempela
Gijimisa ukuhlolwa kufayela onalo bese ufunda impendulo. openssl dhparam -in dh.pem -check -noout yenza ukuhlolwa kwepharamitha futhi icinde umphumela obhalwe ngekhodi. Umlayezo wokuthi amapharamitha abukeka kahle usho ukuthi amanani ahambisana ngokwesakhiwo; awusho ukuthi iqembu elifushane lamukelekile endaweni yakho.
Ukukhiqiza ngaphandle kwe--dsaparam kunikeza izinombolo eziyinhloko eziphephile, lapho ne-(p-1)/2 iyinombolo eyinhloko, yingakho kuthatha isikhathi eside kanjalo. Indlela yesitayela se-DSA yakha amapharamitha ngokushesha futhi iwaguqulela efomini le-DH, futhi incwadi ye-OpenSSL ixhumanisa izimfuno ezengeziwe zokhiye abasha nokusetshenziswa kwawo. Akukho kokubili ukwakhiwa okuyimfihlo yesikhathi somhlangano: ifayela liyimpahla yokuhlelwa yomphakathi, akulona ukhiye oyimfihlo wesitifiketi futhi akulona imfihlo eyabiwe yesiteshi sokulawula.
Funda usayizi nesikhiqizi ngaphambi kokwahlulela ifayela
Umphumela wokuvumeleka usho okwengeziwe uma wazi ukuthi yini eqinisekisiwe. Phrinta amapharamitha nge-openssl dhparam -in dh.pem -text -noout, bese ubhala ubude benombolo eyinhloko nenani lesikhiqizi.
Qhathanisa lobo bude nenqubomgomo ebhaliwe hhayi nomkhuba. Uma imfuno yakho kuyiqembu elinamagama eligunyaziwe elivela ku-stack ye-TLS yesimanje, ifayela elikhiqizwe ngesandla lingase libe yinto engalungile ngokuphelele. Bhala zombili izinombolo kurekhodi yezinguquko ukuze umbuyekezi olandelayo angadingi ukuzikhipha futhi.
Ungakuguquli ukuhlola kube ukukhiqiza kabusha
Indlela yokwehluleka lapha umyalo obukeka njengokuhlolwa kodwa oziphatha njengesikhiqizi. Ukwengeza ubude bebithi, njengaku-openssl dhparam -check 2048, kucela amapharamitha amasha futhi ifayela lokufaka liyashaywa indiva. Inketho yesikhiqizi nayo ingenza okufanayo. Uma ubufuna nje ukubheka, nikeza i--in ne--check futhi ungafaki lutho oluchaza usayizi.
Ukubhala umphumela phezu kwendlela yokuqala nakho kufanele ukusolwa okufanayo, ngoba incwadi ixwayisa ukuthi umphumela wefayela awuwona i-athomu. Ukuphahlazeka phakathi nokufaka kushiya ifayela lepharamitha elisikiwe kanye nensiza engayiqali.
Hlanganisa iqembu neprotocol, hhayi nomkhuba wesikhathi
Inqubomgomo yosayizi isinqumo isisetshenziswa esingakwazi ukusifundela. Iqembu lenkundla elilinganiselwe lamabithi angu-2048 iyisisekelo esivamile futhi amaqembu amakhulu abiza isikhathi sokuxhawula, ngakho khetha inombolo eshiwo yisisekelo sakho bese uyibhala phansi. Amaqembu asetshenziswa kakhulu awabuthakathaka ngenxa yokuthi asesidlangalaleni; ukungaziwa akungezi lutho lapha.
Lapho i-stack isekela amaqembu anamagama agunyaziwe, landela lokho kuhlelwa okubhaliwe esikhundleni sokukhiqiza amapharamitha angajwayelekile ukuze abukeke ehlukile. Iqembu elinamagama liyinto umlingani angayibona futhi umbuyekezi angayifuna, okuyigugu kakhulu kunefayela elenzelwe wena okungekho muntu ongalihlukanisa.
Qinisekisa ukuthi i-VPN ililayisha ifayela
Ifayela lepharamitha elifanele elingafundwa yinoma yikuphi inqubo alishintshi lutho. Ku-OpenVPN umyalo wesiphakeli yi-dh enendlela, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuncike ku-ECDH noma ekushintshaneni kokhiye kwe-TLS 1.3 kungabeka i-dh none esikhundleni salokho. Hlola ukuhlelwa okusebenzayo hhayi isifanekiso, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amaklayenti nozakwenu bavumelana ngokwakhiwa okufanayo.
Vala umjikelezo ngobufakazi obudinga ngempela: iqembu okwavunyelwana ngalo ngumhubhe, ubude bepharamitha efayeleni kanye nomugqa wenqubomgomo oweneliswa yilobo bude. Ukuhlolwa okuphumelele kuyinto eyodwa kulolo hlu. Ukukuthatha njengayo yonke impendulo yindlela iqembu elifushane elisinda ngayo ekuhlolweni obekufanele likubambe.