Uhlu lwe-VPN nge-nmcli: amaphrofayili agciniwe namathaneli asebenzayo

Usebenzisa i-nmcli connection show ulindele uhlu lwe-VPN, kodwa uthola konke ukuxhumana umshini owake wakugcina, kuhlanganise ibhuloho ne-hotspot. I-VPN oyifunayo ingase ibe lapho, ibe uhlobo oluhlukile kwe-vpn, noma ingabi ukuxhumana kwe-NetworkManager nhlobo. Ukwazi ukuthi usesiphi kulezi zimo ezintathu kudinga imiyalo emibili.

Amahlu amabili, imibuzo emibili

I-connection show iphendula ukuthi i-NetworkManager igcine ini, kanti i-connection show --active iphendula ukuthi yini exhunywe kudivayisi njengamanje. Uhlu lokuqala luhlanganisa amaphrofayili angasebenzi, futhi lokho kwenziwe ngamabomu: i-VPN egciniwe engasebenzi iseyiphrofayili okungenzeka udinge ukuyilungisa. Ukuhlanganisa kokubili kwenza umbono wokuthi ithaneli liyasebenza kuyilapho kukhona ukucushwa kwalo kuphela.

Khetha izinkambu esikhundleni sokufunda ithebula elizenzakalelayo, ngoba okukhiphayo okuzenzakalelayo kufihla uhlobo kumatherminal amancane futhi kugoqa amagama amade.

I-NAME, i-UUID ne-TYPE ngokuvamile zanele ekubukeni kokuqala, bese uhlola okufakiwe okukodwa okukhathazayo nge-UUID.

I-TYPE yilapho izimangaliso zikhona

OpenVPN ukuxhumana okuphethwe nge-plugin kuvela njengohlobo lwe-vpn, ngoba i-plugin iwusevisi ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-VPN olujwayelekile. Ukusekelwa kwendabuko kwe-WireGuard kuwuhlobo lokuxhumana oluhlukile lwezinga lokuqala, ngakho ukuhlunga nge-vpn ngeke kuyithole. Ukusesha ithaneli le-WireGuard okungabuyiseli lutho ngokuvamile kuyinkinga yesihlungi hhayi iphrofayili engekho. Lona umehluko wezakhiwo, hhayi into eyinqaba ekubizeni amagama.

Kuyafana ngezinye izinhlobo zamathaneli i-NetworkManager eyafunda ukuwaphatha ngokwendabuko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho funda ikholomu ye-TYPE ngaphambi kokuphetha ngokuthi kukhona okungekho.

Bhala konke bese uhlunga ngemuva, iphrofayili izovela.

Funda i-UUID, hhayi igama kuphela

Amagama ayizilabeli abantu abazihlelayo, futhi amaphrofayili amabili angabelana ngalinye ngemva kokungeniswa ngokunganaki. I-UUID iwumazisi okubhekiselwa kuwo imiyalo namafayela. Uma okufakiwe kubonakala kuyimpinda, qhathanisa i-UUID nezilungiselelo eziyisisekelo ngaphambi kokususa noma yini.

Imiyalo yokwenza kusebenze yamukela kokubili, futhi yikho kanye isiko elisekelwe egameni ekugcineni lishintsha iphrofayili engalungile.

Kopisha i-UUID kumanothi akho uma ushintsha into okungenzeka udinge ukuyihlehlisa.

Lokho iphrofayili egciniwe engakutsheli kona

Iphrofayili egciniwe ayisho lutho ngokuthi ithaneli layo liphezulu noma cha, futhi ukuxhumana okusebenzayo akusho lutho ngokuthi ithrafikhi engaphakathi iyasebenza noma cha. Ithaneli eliqalwa yi-wg-quick noma iyunithi yesevisi akuwona nhlobo ukuxhumana kwe-NetworkManager, ngakho alikho kuzo zombili izinhlu kuyilapho isixhumi sibhokodisha ithrafikhi ngokusobala. Hlola isixhumi nethebula yemizila ngaphambi kokucabanga ukuthi iphrofayili ayikho. Uhlu olungenalutho lufakazela kuphela ukuthi i-NetworkManager akuyona umnikazi.

Abaphathi ababili besixhumi esisodwa yingxenye enye yale nkinga, futhi ikhiqiza uhlu olubonakala lulungile kuyilapho isimo se-kernel siphethwe okunye.

Umnikazi oyedwa ngesixhumi ngasinye ugcina uhlu luthembekile, futhi isithenjwa se-nmcli sibhala ukuthi yiziphi izinkambu okubonwa ngakunye okuzibikayo ngempela.

Bika ngaphandle kokudonsa izimfihlo

I-connection show enegama iphrinta izilungiselelo, futhi ukwengeza i---show-secrets kuphrinta okhiye abayimfihlo namaphasiwedi kanye nazo. Ukunamathisela ukuxazulula inkinga kutikithi akudingeki lokho. Esikhundleni salokho bika uhlobo, i-UUID, isimo nemizila efanele, futhi fihla konke okuqhamuka esitolo sezimfihlo.

Ukwenza kusebenze ngokuxhumana nge---ask kuyindlela esekelwayo yokunikeza ubufakazi obungekho, futhi ukuzenzakalela okungagadiwe kudinga elinye ilungiselelo elivunyiwe esikhundleni sephasiwedi egciniwe embhalweni ocacile.

Umbiko omfushane ofihliwe ulula ukuwubuyekeza kunokukhipha konke.