Ukumaka iphothi lokungena elingenalo ithegi ku-EVPN VNI efanele

Ifreyimu yomsingathi engenalo ithegi ihlukaniswa yiphothi lokungena, bese ithwalwa yi-VTEP njenge-VNI. Hlola ngokwehlukana ukungena, ukuphuma kanye nemodeli yensiza.

Umsingathi ojwayelekile we-Ethernet uthumela amafreyimu angenalo ithegi, futhi indwangu ye-EVPN kusafanele iwathwale ensizeni efanele yomqashi. Iphothi lokungena lihlukanisa ifreyimu libe yisegimenti yasendaweni, i-VTEP ixhumanisa leyo segimenti ne-VNI, futhi ukuxhumana okukude kwethula ifreyimu ngendlela umsingathi walo okulindele. I-VLAN ne-VNI zikhomba izingxenye ezihlukene zaleyo ndlela futhi akudingeki zabelane ngenombolo. Landela i-runbook engezansi ngokulandelana, ngoba iphutha kunoma yisiphi isinyathelo likhiqiza uphawu olufanayo: umsingathi othumayo kodwa ongatholi lutho.

Landela ifreyimu elilodwa phakathi kwendwangu

Kunsiza elula esekwe ku-VLAN, indlela eyisibonelo ibukeka kanje:

Host A: untagged frame
  to access port: local VLAN 110
  to VTEP A: L2VNI 50110
  to VTEP B: corresponding local service
  to access port: untagged frame to Host B

Izinombolo ze-VLAN ne-VNI ziyizibonelo, hhayi umthetho. I-VLAN yasendaweni iwukuhlukaniswa kokungena okukhona kuswishi eyodwa; i-L2VNI iyisihlonzi sensiza ye-overlay esiqondwa yi-VTEP zombili. Isicaciso se-overlay i-RFC 8365 sihlukanisa isihlonzi sensiza nendlela umsingathi axhunywe ngayo, futhi sisho izinhlobo ezintathu: esekwe ku-VLAN, eboshwe ndawonye kanye nesaziyo nge-VLAN.

Lungiselela ukuhlukaniswa kokungena

Umsingathi unekheli futhi akafinyeleli lutho, kuyilapho iphothi ngokwalo libonakala. Nquma ukuthi iphothi likusiphi isimo sokuxhumana ngempela — iphothi lokungena elithwala amafreyimu angenalo ithegi noma i-trunk ene-native VLAN — bese usetha ngokusobala kanye lokho. Ifreyimu elingenalo ithegi lisaphuma ngephothi ngaphakathi kwesegimenti yasendaweni enegama, futhi leyo segimenti iyisinqumo hhayi umphumela oseceleni wengxenyekazi. Vula ukulungiselelwa okusebenzayo kwephothi bese ufunda ukuhlukaniswa elinakho ngempela, esikhundleni sokuthemba okungokwefayela lomkhiqizi ongakaze ukusethe.

Kuswishi ejwayelekile ukulandelana ukushintsha kwesimo nokwabiwa kwe-VLAN yokungena, kulandelwa ukuhlola ukuthi iphothi lisebenza ngempela futhi likuleso simo. Uma iphothi liyi-trunk, i-native VLAN iphatha amafreyimu angenalo ithegi, futhi lokho ukulungiselelwa okuhlukile okunezindlela zokwehluleka ezihlukile. Bhala kokubili isimo ne-VLAN ngaphambi kokuqhubeka.

show running-config interface Ethernet1/1
show interface Ethernet1/1 switchport
show vlan brief

Lungiselela i-VTEP nokuxhumanisa kwe-VNI

I-VTEP yengeza ukugoqwa kwe-VXLAN ne-VNI. Umsingathi akakhi leso sihloko futhi akadingi ukwazi ukuthi insiza ikhona.

Xhumanisa i-VLAN yasendaweni ne-L2VNI ngendlela yomyalo esekelwa yingxenyekazi, futhi gcina lokho kuxhumanisa kufana kuzo zombili iziphetho zensiza. I-L2VNI yomqashi ne-L3VNI esetshenziselwa ukuhambisa phakathi kwama-subnet kuyizinto ezihlukile, futhi ukuhlanganisa izinombolo zazo kwephula ukuhambisa ngaphandle kokuthinta indlela ye-L2; futhi khumbula ukuthi indlela ye-underlay esebenzayo eya ku-VTEP ekude ingeyelinye ungqimba lokulungiselela.

Uma ukuxhumanisa kungalungile, ifreyimu lisangena endwangu futhi livele lihlale ensizeni engalungile. Yingakho ukuhlola kuwukuhlola kwensiza, hhayi ukuhlola kwesixhumanisi.

Lungiselela ukwethulwa kokuphuma

Eziphethweni ezikude insiza etholiwe kufanele iguqulwe ibuyiselwe kulokho umsingathi akulindele: i-Ethernet engenalutho kuphothi lokungena, ithegi ethile ku-trunk oyilawulayo, nokuphathwa kwethegi yangaphakathi okuhambisana nemodeli yensiza oyikhethile. Hlola uhlu lwama-VLAN avunyelwe ku-trunk ngaphambi kokusola i-overlay, ngoba ithegi engavunyelwa yi-trunk yokuphuma iyalahlwa ngemva kokuba i-overlay isenze umsebenzi wayo. Qinisekisa ukuthi umsingathi okude ulindele ukwethulwa akutholayo hhayi lokho okucatshangwa umdwebo wakho.

Ukuthi ithegi yangaphakathi iyasinda yisici semodeli yensiza oyikhethile, ngakho akukho sihloko esingathembisa ngokujwayelekile ukususa noma ukugcina. Idizayini ecabanga ukuziphatha okukodwa kanye nengxenyekazi esebenzisa okunye zizodlula ukuhlolwa kwesixhumanisi bese zihluleka kuhlelo lokusebenza.

Funda ndawonye ukufunda kwe-MAC yasendaweni, umzila wensiza ye-EVPN nokuxhumanisa kokuxhumana okude, futhi uqhube ukutholwa komakhelwane okudingwa uhlelo lokusebenza esikhundleni se-ping kuphela. Ikheli le-MAC elifundwe kwenye isizinda sebhuloho lingase libe semthethweni ngokuphelele lapho futhi lisakhomba ensizeni engalungile.

Qinisekisa ngabashayi ababili abasodwa

Phakamisa umsingathi oyedwa, futhi uqinisekise yonke indlela ngaphambi kokwengeza omunye. Bese ufunda isimo kuwo womabili ama-VTEP futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isihlonzi sensiza esifanayo sivela kuzo zombili iziphetho.

show mac address-table vlan 110
show bgp l2vpn evpn
show nve peers

Kusiphetho ngasinye bhala amanani amane: ukwethulwa kwephothi, isegimenti yasendaweni, i-L2VNI kanye nokwethulwa okuphambene ekuphumeni. Lelo rekhodi livumela unjiniyela olandelayo ukuthi abone ukuthi kungani umsingathi unokuxhumana okulula okungenalo ithegi kuyilapho indwangu ithwala insiza yomqashi. Uma ushintsho luhluleka, buyisela iphothi ku-VLAN yalo yangaphambilini bese uhlola futhi labo bashayi, ukuze ukubuyela emuva kube yisimo esaziwayo hhayi ukuqagela.

Izihloko ezihlobene