journalctl yamalogi e-VPN: iyiphi iyunithi ephethe ukuxhumana?
I-OpenVPN, i-wg-quick ne-NetworkManager zibhala kumayunithi ahlukene. Khetha umnikazi, nciphisa iwindi lesikhathi, bese ufunda isigaba sokuqala esihlulekile ngokulandelana.
Qala ngeyunithi ye-systemd ephethe ngempela ukuxhumana kwe-VPN, hhayi ngomyalo welogi owukhumbulayo. Isevisi eqondile ye-OpenVPN, iyunithi ye-wg-quick nephrofayela ye-NetworkManager zibeka imilayezo yazo ewusizo kumayunithi ahlukene, futhi umbuzo kuyunithi engalungile ukhipha umphumela ongenalutho obonakala njengokuthula. Qhathanisa abanikazi abathathu abajwayelekile, nciphisa iwindi, bese ufunda izigaba ngokulandelana.
Qhathanisa abanikazi abathathu abajwayelekile
Isevisi yeklayenti le-OpenVPN ngokuvamile iyunithi yesibonelo eqanjwe ngephrofayela, [email protected]. Imilayezo yayo ihlanganisa indlela yokulungiselela, ukuhlaziywa kwezinketho, ukuxhawulana kwe-TLS nokufakwa komzila okwenziwa yiklayenti.
Iyunithi ye-wg-quick ithule kakhulu ngokwakhiwa kwayo. Ukulungiselelwa kwesixhumanisi kwenzeka ekuqaleni, ukuxhawulana kuphathwa yi-kernel, futhi ukushintshwa kokhiye okuvamile akubhalwa ngokuzenzakalela, ngakho i-wg show ivame ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi kunelogi. Lowo mehluko ubalulekile uma uqhathanisa iphrothokholi ebhala izingxoxo naleyo engakwenzi.
I-NetworkManager iphethe amaphrofayela eyiwakhile, futhi imilayezo yayo ihlala ngaphansi kwe-NetworkManager.service ngisho noma ipulagi eyisisekelo ingumsizi we-VPN. Buza kokubili umphathi neyunithi yomsizi uma iphrofayela ilawulwa ngale ndlela.
Nciphisa umbuzo ube yiyunithi eyodwa newindi elilodwa
Buza iyunithi oyikhombile, futhi khawulela isikhathi emzamweni ocwaningayo. Usuku olulodwa luvamile ukwanele, futhi iwindi elifushane lingcono uma umshini uxhuma kabusha kaningi.
journalctl -u [email protected] --since today
systemctl list-units --type=service | grep -i vpn
systemctl cat [email protected]Qinisekisa igama elifakiwe ngaphambi kokwethemba umbuzo. Ukupakishwa kwesabelo kushintsha amagama amayunithi, futhi iphrofayela ekhona njengefayela kungenzeka ayikaze inikwe amandla njengesevisi. Uma iyunithi ingekho, ilogi engenalutho ikutshela ngokufakwa hhayi ngomhubhe.
Funda isigaba sokuqala esihlulekile
Funda izigameko ngokulandelana okwenzeka ngakho: ukufunwa kwephoyinti lokugcina, ukuthutha, ubunikazi, ukuqinisekiswa, ukufakwa komzila kanye nokwehluleka kwesicelo kamuva. Ukwehluleka kokuqala okuqondile yikho okufanele kuphenywe, ngoba konke okulandela kungumphumela.
Isevisi eqala ngempumelelo ayifakazeli ukuthi wonke umthombo odingekayo uyafinyeleleka. Umjikelezo wokuxhuma kabusha ungakhiqiza izingxoxo eziningana ezihlukene, ngakho gcina igama lephrofayela nesikhathi somzamo kanye nezigameko, futhi ufunde umzamo owodwa esikhundleni somfuduko ohlanganisiwe. Umzamo owodwa ukulandelana okunembangela, kuyilapho umfuduko ohlanganisiwe uwudonga lwemigqa ephindwayo. Bhala iphutha lokuqala kuthikithi ngaphambi kokufunda okwengeziwe.
Ungahlanganisi isevisi ehlulekile neklayenti elenziwa ngesandla
Uma uqale iklayenti ngesandla ngemva kokwehluleka kwesevisi, umphumela walo uya kwenye indawo futhi ukuziphatha kwalo kungahluka. Thwebula umphumela omusha kumnikazi ofanayo nasemcelweni ofanayo ngemva kokulungiswa okusekelwayo, ukuze ukuqhathanisa kubonise okushintshile esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa izinhlelo ezimbili ezihlukene.
Ungashintshi izitembu zesikhathi zangempela ukuze zihambisane nenye ihosithi. Bhala ngokwehlukana isigaba sesikhathi nanoma yimehluko owaziwayo wewashi, ngoba umugqa wesikhathi owuhlelile awuseyona ubufakazi.
Yabelana ngesiqeshana, hhayi ngokuthunyelwa kwangaphandle
Okufakiwe kulogi kungaqukatha amagama abasebenzisi, amakheli ephoyinti lokugcina, itopoloji yangasese kanye nolwazi lwemvelo yeskripthi. Buyekeza isiqeshana sangempela futhi ufihle lokho okubucayi esikhundleni sokushicilela ukuthunyelwa kwangaphandle okuphelele okungenamikhawulo. Caphuna imigqa efakazela ukwehluleka futhi ufingqe okunye. Isiqeshana esifushane esibuyekeziwe kulula ukusisebenzisa kunefayela okungekho muntu oyifundayo.
Thumela iwindi elincane, igama leyunithi nesigaba sokuqala esihlulekile, futhi usho lokho osukukhiphile. incwadi ye-systemd journalctl ibhala izikhethi nezinketho zokuphuma uma udinga indlela esekelwa inguqulo yesabelo sakho.