I-MTU ye-VPN ku-iPhone: khetha umnikazi ngaphambi kokushintsha inombolo
Imibuzo emithathu inquma ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza, iphrofayela yesango noma akekho ocingweni angashintsha usayizi. Phendula ngaphambi kokuboleka inombolo ku-Mac.
Yonke ingxoxo mayelana nosayizi wamaphakethe e-VPN ku-iPhone ekugcineni inikeza umyalo we-Mac ofanayo ngokumelene ne-interface ebizwa nge-ppp0, ngokuvamile kunenombolo. Awudluli, futhi ubungeke ube isilawuli esifanele ngisho ku-Mac ngaphandle uma leyo interface ingeyokuxhumana okukhulunywa ngakho. Ocingweni, inombolo ingeyalowo osebenzisa ithumbu: uhlelo lokusebenza lwephrofayela yemvelo, umhlinzeki wethumbu lamaphakethe lohlelo lokusebenza, noma isango lapho kuxoxwa khona isici esibhaliwe. Imibuzo emithathu inquma ukuthi yikuphi kwalawa macala obhekene nakho.
Umbuzo wokuqala: iyiphi iklayenti esebenzayo
Iphrofayela yemvelo ye-IKEv2, iphrofayela ye-Cisco IPsec eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye neklayenti ye-Cisco yomuntu wesithathu kuyizinto ezintathu ezihlukene zokusebenza ezinamasethi amathathu ahlukene ezici ezisekelwayo. Uhlobo lwephrofayela ezilungiselelweni lutshela ukuthi yikuphi ucingo olwaqala ngempela, futhi uhlu lwezinhlelo lutshela ukuthi ngabe ukhona yini umhlinzeki endleleni. Qala lapho, ngoba isinqumo esisele sivela kulokho. Uma kungekho mhlinzeki ovelayo ohlwini lwezinhlelo, ithumbu lingelohlelo lokusebenza.
Ungaqageli ukusebenza kumhlinzeki wesango. I-Cisco headend ingaqeda ukuxhumana okuvela kumaklayenti angenakho okufanayo ngaphandle kwegama lomhlinzeki. Isithombe sesikrini sokwakhiwa kwakudala kusikhululo sakudala sitshela ukuthi lowo mbhangqwana wawusekela ini, hhayi ukuthi ucingo olusesandleni sakho lwenzani.
Umbuzo wesibili: inani lingelobani
I-Apple iveza isici se-MTU kubathuthukisi bethumbu lamaphakethe ngokusebenzisa into yezilungiselelo zesandiso senethiwekhi. Lona umoyalo we-API womhlinzeki ozilungiselela ithumbu lakhe, hhayi iswishi umsebenzisi noma umphathi angayivula kuklayenti efakiwe yomunye umuntu. Uhlelo lokusebenza lomuntu wesithathu lungakhetha ukusiveza, ukusishaya indiva noma ukubhala inani ngokuqinile.
Kumaphrofayela emvelo usayizi we-interface ukhethwa uhlelo lokusebenza, futhi ucingo alukhombisi mhleli walokho. Esangweni le-Cisco lokufinyelela kude kunosici olubhaliwe lwephrofayela yokuxhumana, futhi ukuthi luyasebenza yini kuncike kuklayenti, ekukhishweni nasekuthuthweni okuvunyelwene ngakho. Kulelo gebe phakathi kwalokho okubhaliwe nokulandelwayo yilapho inombolo ekopishiwe iphambana khona.
| Owner | Who can change it | Reachable from the phone |
|---|---|---|
| Packet-tunnel provider | The app vendor through its API | Only if the app exposes a setting |
| Native IKEv2 or Cisco IPsec profile | The operating system | No user control |
| Gateway group policy attribute | The gateway administrator | If the client honours it |
Umbuzo wesithathu: ingabe uphawu luncike kusayizi
Izinkinga zosayizi zinophawu: izicelo ezincane ziyaphumelela, ukulayisha okukhulu noma izimpendulo ezinkulu ziyaxhuga, futhi insizakalo efanayo isebenza kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela ehlukile. Ukuhlunga, umkhawulo womthwalo wohlelo kanye neseva emile kungaveza isikhalo esifanayo, ngakho rekhoda umsebenzi owodwa ohlulekayo eduze kwalowo osebenzayo. Bhala kokubili ngezikhathi nosayizi uma uhlelo lubika. Ngaphandle kwalolo bhangqwana, zonke izinguquko zakamuva ziwukuqagela.
Gijima isivivinyo esifanayo ku-Wi-Fi naku-nethiwekhi yeselula. Ukwehluleka okulandela inethiwekhi kukhombisa indlela; okulandela idivayisi kukhombisa iklayenti noma iphrofayela, futhi kokubili kudinga abanikazi abehlukene. Sebenzisa insizakalo efanayo ne-akhawunti efanayo kukho kokubili ukugijima, kungenjalo ukuqhathanisa akutsheli lutho.
Kungani iresiphi ye-Mac ilokhu ivela
Iminyaka ye-VPN yedeskithophu esekelwe ku-PPP yenza ukushintshwa kosayizi we-interface kwaba iyindlela yendawo esemthethweni, futhi leyo miyalo yakopishwa yangena ezingxoxweni zeselula. Ocingweni akukho shell, akukho igama le-interface elinjalo futhi akukho ukuqhubeka ngemva kokuxhuma kabusha. Iresiphi eyaxazulula inkinga yedeskithophu ngo-2011 yahamba kude kakhulu kunemibandela eyayiyenza ibe yiqiniso. Amaklayenti eselula awamukeli noma yimuphi umyalo we-shell walokhu, noma ngabe ingxoxo ithini.
Thatha inani elikopishiwe njengombono mayelana nendlela, hhayi njengesilungiselelo. Uma usayizi omncane wenza ukudluliswa kusebenze futhi omkhulu wehluleka ngokuthembekile, unobufakazi mayelana nendlela; kusamele uthole ingxenye evunyelwe ukusebenza kuyo. Lokho kufuna kuvame ukuphela kuphrofayela yesango noma kumhlinzeki wohlelo, futhi akuvamisile ocingweni.
Ukuthutha kushintsha impendulo
Uma iseshini igijima ku-TLS esikhundleni se-IPsec, ukulungiswa kokuhlukaniswa kwe-TCP esangweni kungasiza, ngoba kubhala kabusha usayizi wengxenye omenyazwe emithonjeni ye-TCP. Akwenzi lutho kuthrafikhi ye-UDP, ehlanganisa ingxenye enkulu yewebhu yesimanje kunalokho abantu abakulindele. Hlola ukuthutha okuvunyelwene ngakho ngaphambi kokuhlongoza ushintsho, futhi usho kuthikithi ukuthi yikuphi ukuthutha ohlosela ukuthi kuthinteke.
Ukutholakala kwe-MTU yendlela kukhona ukuze iziphetho zifunde umkhawulo wangempela esikhundleni sokuqagela. Ukuvimba impendulo nokubhala usayizi omncane ngokuqinile kushintshanisa ukudluliswa okukhulu okusebenzayo ngezindleko ezingapheli, ezifihlekile kukho konke ukuxhumana.
Yini okufanele uyibuze ithimba lesango
Cela izinto ezintathu: igama eliqondile lesici kanye nobubanzi baso, ukuthi amaklayenti asetshenzisiwe ayasilandelile yini, nokuthi iyiphi intutho iseshini evumelene ngayo. Ushintsho olusetshenziswe kunqubomgomo eyodwa yeqembu luyavivinywa; ukuhlela komhlaba wonke akunakwenzeka, futhi kudlulisela ingozi kubasebenzisi abangakaze babike inkinga. Cela nesithenjwa sedokhumenti, ngoba amagama ezici ayashintsha phakathi kwezikhululo.
Bese ushintsha into eyodwa futhi uhlole kabusha umsebenzi wangempela ohlulekayo, hhayi ukulandwa kwesivivinyo sesivinini. Gcina irekhodi langaphambi nangemuva kanye nenguqulo yeklayenti nenethiwekhi yokufinyelela, ukuze umbiko olandelayo uqhathaniswe esikhundleni sokuphikiswa kabusha.
Uma umsebenzi usahluleka kusayizi wangempela, usayizi wawungeyona imbangela. Rekhoda naleso siphetho, ukuze umuntu olandelayo angavuli umbono ofanayo futhi.