Hlola umzila wenqubomgomo we-Linux ngaphambi kokushintsha umzila ozenzakalelayo
Umthetho owodwa ungathumela ukugeleza kwelinye ithebula futhi wenze okuzenzakalelayo okuyinhloko kungabi nandaba. Funda ukubaluleka, ithebula kanye nomnikazi ngaphambi kokushintsha umzila we-Linux VPN.
Isiphathi se-VPN siphendula kusixhumi esisodwa futhi siyala ukubuyisela izimpendulo ngomhubhe, futhi umzila ozenzakalelayo ubonakala ulungile. Yilapho ithebula eliyinhloko liyeka ukuba yindaba yonke. I-Linux ingakhetha ithebula lomzila wephakethe ngalinye ngemithetho yenqubomgomo, futhi i-VPN kungenzeka ukuthi yafaka eyodwa. Funda imithetho ngaphambi kokuthinta umzila ozenzakalelayo.
Ukulandelana kubalulekile: imithetho kuqala, bese kuba ithebula umthetho ngamunye ewukhethayo.
Funda imithetho ngokulandelana kokubaluleka
Sebenzisa ip rule show futhi ufunde ukusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Inombolo yokubaluleka ilawula ukulandelana kokuhlolwa, futhi inombolo encane ihlolwa kuqala. Umthetho ozenzakalelayo ku-32766 ngokuvamile ungowokugcina obalulekile. Uma uhlu lude, lulondoloze efayelini ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini.
Kumthetho ngamunye, rekhoda ukubaluleka, ukufanisa (umthombo, uphawu, isixhumi noma indawo) kanye nethebula elikubhekisayo. Umthetho ongenathebula elisebenzisekayo uyindlela evalekile, akuwona umzila.
Yenza okufanayo ku-IPv6 nge- ip -6 rule show. Inqubomgomo ekhona kuphela emndenini we-IPv4 ishiya omunye umndeni othebula eliyinhloko.
Funda ithebula umthetho ngamunye awukhethayo
Sebenzisa ip route show table <name or number> kuthebula ngalinye okubhekiselwe kulo. Qhathanisa imizila yalo nesixhumi kanye negxathu elilandelayo olindele. Ithebula elingenalutho noma elingaphelele lichaza ukwehluleka ithebula eliyinhloko elingakwazi ukukuchaza.
Ithebula eliyinhloko lingase libe nomzila ozenzakalelayo, futhi lokho kulungile. Uma umthetho uthumela ukugeleza kwakho kuthebula 51820 kuqala, okuzenzakalelayo okuyinhloko akunandaba kulelo phakethe.
Bukela igama lethebula ku- /etc/iproute2/rt_tables uma inombolo ingaziwa. Lokho kubuka kuthatha isekhondi futhi kuvimbela umzila omude wokuzungeza.
Thola ukuthi ubani ofake umthetho
I-NetworkManager, i-wg-quick neminye imibhalo ingafaka imithetho ngendlela eguquguqukayo. Ukususa owodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kungase kubuyiselwe ekuxhumaneni okulandelayo. Hlola ukulungiselelwa komphathi ngaphambi kokwengeza umthetho oyimbangi.
Isibonelo, i-wg-quick yengeza umthetho omakwe nethebula lamakheli avunyelwe ommhubhe. Lowo mthetho uyisizathu sokuthi ithrafikhi eya kulawo makheli idlule okuzenzakalelayo okuyinhloko. Uma uwususa ngaphandle kokushintsha ukulungiselelwa, i-up elandelayo izowubuyisela.
Gcina umzila wangaphandle wendawo yokuphela nokufinyelela kokuphatha ngesikhathi uhlola. Ungasuli yonke imithetho esangweni elikude elisebenzayo ukuze wenze okukhiphayo kube lula. Isikhathi sokuphatha esidlula ushintsho siyingxenye yokuhlolwa.
Hlola umongo womthombo obalulekile
Okuvamile ip route get kuphendula umbuzo ohlukile kunokugeleza kohlelo lokusebenza. Engeza ikheli lomthombo, kanye nophawu uma i-VPN isebenzisa olulodwa, ukuze ubone umzila othathwa iphakethe langempela. Hlola indawo efakiwe nendawo esusiwe ngomongo womthombo ofanayo. Bese uphinda ku-IPv6 uma isiphathi sisebenzisa isitaki esikabili.
Ngemva kokulungiswa okuvunyelwe, sebenzisa futhi lokho kubuka okubili futhi uqhathanise. Rekhoda umthetho obuhloselwe, ithebula, nokuthi umthetho uhlala isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha. Lelo rekhodi yilona elenza ukuqalisa kabusha kwesevisi okulandelayo kuchazeke esikhundleni sokuba yimfihlakalo. ikhasi lemanuwali le-ip-rule libhala abakhethi bokufanisa kanye nesintaksi yethebula.