Iqembu lokuvikela lamafu le-VPN: vula isilaleli, hhayi konke
Iqembu lokuvikela lingelinye lamafiltha amane phakathi kwekliyenti ne-daemon. Shono iphrothokholi, bese uhlola i-ACL, i-firewall yomsingathi nokudluliswa.
Iseva ye-VPN iyasebenza, ikliyenti liphelelwa isikhathi, futhi umcabango wokuqala ukwengeza umthetho ovumela konke eqenjini lokuvikela. Lokho kwesinye isikhathi kuyayisebenzisa, futhi lowo umphumela omubi kakhulu, ngoba manje akekho owaziyo ukuthi yimuphi umngcele ovalwe ngempela. Kunamafiltha amane ahlukene phakathi kwekliyenti ne-daemon, futhi lilodwa kuphela kuwo iqembu lokuvikela.
Shono iphrothokholi ngaphambi komthetho
Umthetho iphrothokholi, ibanga lamachweba kanye nomthombo. I-WireGuard ilalela ku-UDP, ngokuvamile 51820. OpenVPN ngokuvamile i-UDP noma i-TCP 1194 kuye ngokuthi ihlelwe kanjani. I-IPsec idinga ukushintshana kwe-IKE ku-UDP 500 no-4500 kanye nephrothokholi ye-ESP uqobo, okuyinombolo yephrothokholi hhayi ichweba. Ukuqagela i-TCP ngoba eminye imithetho i-TCP yikho okwenza umthetho obonakala ulungile futhi ongahambisani nalutho.
Funda isilaleli emsebenzini osebenzayo, hhayi kusifundiso. I-daemon eboshelwe ekhelini elilodwa ngeke yamukele ithrafikhi efika kwelinye.
Khawulela umthombo kubanga lamaklayenti elivunyelwa umklamo, hhayi kuyo yonke i-inthanethi.
Amaqembu okuvikela anesimo; ama-ACL e-subnet awanaso
Amaqembu okuvikela anesimo futhi avumela kuphela: ukugeleza okungena okuvunyelwe kuthola izimpendulo zako ngokuzenzakalela, futhi awukho umthetho wokwenqaba okufanele ucabange ngawo. Ama-ACL e-subnet awanaso isimo futhi ahlolwa kuzo zombili izinhlangothi, ngakho imvume yokungena ngaphandle kwebanga lesikhashana lokuphuma elihambisanayo isahluleka. Lowo mehluko uchaza imithetho eminingi ebonakala ilungile kukhonsoli.
Qinisekisa futhi ukuthi iyiphi inqubomgomo exhunywe endaweni yokugcina esebenzayo, ngoba isibonelo singaba namaqembu angaphezu kwelilodwa futhi umthetho eqenjini elingaxhunywanga awushintshi lutho.
Inqubomgomo esebenzayo iyinhlanganisela yalokho okuxhunyiwe, hhayi ifayela olilungisile.
I-firewall yomsingathi iwumngcele ohlukile
Inqubomgomo yamafu ivumela ithrafikhi ukufika kusixhumi senethiwekhi, bese uhlelo lokusebenza lunquma ukuthi i-daemon iyayibona yini. I-firewall yomsingathi enomgomo wokwenqaba okuzenzakalelayo izokhipha iphakethe elivunyelwe iqembu lokuvikela, futhi ikhonsoli yamafu ngeke ibonise ukwenqaba ngoba yayingakaze ibe nombono. Hlola kokubili, ngokulandelana iphakethe elihlangana nakho.
Uma umsingathi usebenzisa ingaphambili le-firewall lokusabalalisa, qinisekisa imithetho eyisisekelo hhayi igama lephrofayela, ngoba iphrofayela ingasebenza ngenkathi ichweba livaliwe.
Ukubamba kusixhumi kukutshela ukuthi wuphi umngcele okhiphe iphakethe.
Ukuvumela isilaleli akukona ukuhambisa amaklayenti
Isango le-VPN elidlulisela ithrafikhi yamaklayenti lidinga okungaphezu kwechweba elivuliwe. Lidinga ukudluliswa kwe-IP, inqubomgomo evumela ukugeleza kusukela kusixhumi somhubhe kuya kunethiwekhi okuyiwa kuyo, futhi kaningi ukuhlolwa komthombo nendawo okuyiwa kuyo okuvaliwe kusixhumi ukuze inkundla ingalahli ithrafikhi engayilwiwe. Akukho kulokhu okwenziwa umthetho wesilaleli.
Yilapho kwehlukana khona ukuxhawulana okusebenzayo nendlela yedatha ephukile, futhi yingakho isimo somhubhe singabonakala siphilile kuyilapho kungelutho olulayishwayo.
Lungisa ukuhambisa njengoshintsho oluhlukile olunokuqinisekisa kwalo, futhi qaphela ukuthi isango elidlulisayo lidinga nenqubomgomo yokuphuma evumela indawo okuyiwa kuyo.
Gcina indlela yokubuyela emuva, bese unciphisa umthetho
Ngaphambi kokushintsha inqubomgomo ye-firewall ekude, qinisekisa ukuthi ikhona indlela yokuphatha ezimele, njengomphathi wesikhathi, ikhonsoli yochungechunge noma inethiwekhi engaphandle kwebhande. Uma indlela yokuphatha eyodwa idlula kumthetho oyilungisayo, awunakho ukubuyisela. Bese usebenzisa umthetho omncane, hlola kuklayenti langempela, futhi uhlobanise umzamo nobufakazi ohlangothini lweseva. Impendulo evela kwelinye isevisi kumshini ofanayo akuwubufakazi bokuthi isilaleli sifinyelelwe.
Susa noma yikuphi ukuvumela okubanzi kokuhlola ngokushesha uma okumincane sekusebenza, futhi bhala ukuthi kungani umthetho ukhona. I-AWS ibhala ukuziphatha kwesimo kwamaqembu okuvikela, futhi lowo mbhalo yiwona okufanele ucatshulwe uma othile ephakamisa ibanga elibanzi njengendlela emfushane.
Bhala nokuxhunyaniswa, kungenjalo isixhumi esingena esikhundleni sizolahlekelwa inqubomgomo buthule.