Ukutholakala kwe-Chromecast ne-DLNA akukaze kweqe i-VPN egayiwe

Inkinobho yokusakaza ayifaki lutho ohlwini, i-VLC DLNA ihlala ingenalutho, futhi umshini okolunye uhlangothi uphendula i-ping ngaphandle kokukhononda. Leyo nhlanganisela ayiyona inkinga yebhandi elibanzi futhi ayiyona indida ye-firewall. Ukutholakala kulezi zinqubo wukushintshana kweqembu esigabeni sendawo, futhi umhubhe ogayiwe awuthwali ithrafikhi enamakheli eqembu. Isikhathi osizama ukusiqala asikaze sinikezwe.

Ukufinyeleleka kuhle. Ukutholakala akukho.

Inganekwane: umhubhe udinga isilungiselelo noma umthamo omkhulu

Iziphakamiso ezijwayelekile wukuvumela ithrafikhi yontanga-kuntanga, ukukhuphula i-MTU, noma ukushintsha uhlobo lwedivayisi yomhubhe. Akukho kuzo okwengeza isizinda sokusakaza. I-multicast ilethwa ama-switch kanye nesitaki senethiwekhi yendawo, futhi i-interface ye-TUN ye-point-to-point ayinalo ikheli leqembu elingagcwaliswa.

Ukushintsha izilungiselelo kungenza ukwehluleka kuzwakale kakhulu. Kodwa akukwazi ukwenza isimemezelo sivele lapho inqubo ingakaze ithumele khona.

Yini ngempela ukushintshana kokutholakala

Amaphethini amathathu amboza cishe konke okuzohlangana nakho. I-mDNS ithumela ku-224.0.0.251 nge-UDP 5353, i-SSDP ithumela ku-239.255.255.250 nge-UDP 1900, futhi izinhlu zokuphequlula ze-SMB ezindala zaziya ekhelini lokusakaza lesubneti. Ngayinye iqondiswe eqenjini hhayi kumsingathi, futhi ngayinye ilindele isilaleli esigabeni esifanayo. Isamukeli esingaphesheya komhubhe ogayiwe asikho kuleso sigaba, ngakho akukho okufikayo.

Ngisho isimemezelo esidlulisiwe sithwala umthwalo: ngokuvamile ikheli le-LAN ne-port yomthumeli, okumele umbukeli okude akwazi ukufinyelela kukho.

Funda ukuthwebula ngaphambi kokushintsha umhubhe

Thwebula ku-interface yomhubhe ngesikhathi uhlelo luskena. Ukuthwebula okungenalutho kusho ukuthi isimemezelo asikaze siwele umngcele, futhi akukho ukulungisa komhubhe okushintsha lokho. Amaphakethe avelayo ngesikhathi uhlelo lungakabonisi lutho ngokuvamile asho ukuthi ikheli elimenyezelwe alifinyeleleki kumbukeli, okuyinkinga yokugaya egqoke ingubo yokutholakala.

Imizuzu emibili yokuthwebula ithatha indawo yehora lokucabangela ngama-port: tcpdump -ni tun0 udp port 5353 or udp port 1900.

Izixazululo ezintathu, okushibhile kuqala

Khombisa iklayenti ngqo ekhelini lensiza. Ku-DLNA, i-SMB namaseva emidiya ajwayelekile lokhu kweqa ngokuphelele ukutholakala futhi kufakazela ukuthi indlela yomthwalo iyasebenza, okukwenza kube ukuhlolwa kokuqala okuhle kanye nekhambi lesikhashana elisebenzisekayo. I-Chromecast iyisihlengelo, ngoba isamukeli silindele ukutholwa hhayi ukukhunjulwa ngekheli.

Dlulisa inqubo esangweni. Isibonisi se-mDNS siphindaphinda izimemezelo phakathi komhubhe ne-LAN, futhi i-Avahi iza nengxenye yesibonisi ethatha uhlu lwe-interface olucacile. Gcina ukudlulisa kuncane, futhi qinisekisa ukuthi ikheli elimenyezelwe liyafinyeleleka kuzinhlangothi zombili, kungenjalo impendulo isabhekisa kusubneti umbukeli angakwazi ukuyigaya.

Yenza ibhuloho esikhundleni sokugaya. Isigaba se-TAP lapho iseva ibhuloha idivayisi ye-tap iye ku-LAN sibeka izinhlangothi zombili esizindeni sokusakaza esisodwa, ngakho izimemezelo zidlula zingashintshile. Futhi iyindlela ebiza kakhulu, ngoba isubneti esisodwa sisho isizinda sokwehluleka esisodwa futhi yonke insiza ye-multicast ku-LAN manje ifinyelela kuyo yonke intanga.

Okungasizi, noma ngabe kuphakanyiswa kangaki

Ukushintsha dev tun kube dev tap ngaphandle kwebhuloho kushiya idivayisi ye-TAP esagayiwe, ngakho ukuziphatha akushintshi. client-to-client ivumela i-unicast phakathi kontanga futhi ayigcwalisi ukusakaza. Ukudlulisa i-port yokutholakala kumsingathi oyedwa akulethi ithrafikhi enamakheli eqembu. Iseva yemidiya eboshelwe ekhelini elilodwa iqhubeka nokuphendula kulelo kheli kuze kube yilapho ukucushwa kwayo kufaka i-interface ye-VPN.

Hlola isicelo esisodwa se-unicast esiqondile, bese kuba isicelo esisodwa esimenyezelwe. Uma esokuqala sisebenza kanti esesibili singasebenzi, umhubhe uphilile futhi ukutholakala yinkinga yonke.