Indlela yokubopha i-qBittorrent ku-interface ye-VPN ku-macOS
Setha i-Network Interface ku-Advanced ye-qBittorrent ku-macOS, hlanganisa amagama e-utun nethemba elisebenzayo, qala kabusha iklayenti, bese ufakazela ukubopha ngokudlulisela.
Ngavula i-qBittorrent ku-Mac mini, ngasetha i-Network Interface ku-utun4, ngaqala kabusha, ngase ngichitha intambama yonke ngibuka i-torrent ima ekutholeni imethadatha ngenkathi i-VPN isabonisa ukuxhumana okunempilo. Isethingi yayingenalo iphutha ngokomgomo; igama lase lidala. I-macOS inikeza izinombolo ze-utun lapho izinsizakalo ziqala, ngakho i-utun4 eyayilungile ngesonto eledlule yayikhomba emhubheni ongasekho, futhi iklayenti lalibopha amasokhethi alo kudivayisi engenandledla. Ukulandelana okungezansi yikho engikusebenzisayo manje: funda i-interface emhubheni osebenzayo, yikhethe kuklayenti, qala kabusha iseshini, bese ufakazela ukubopha ngokudlulisela nangokunqamuka ngamabomu.
Vula i-Advanced bese uthola inkambu ye-interface
Efasiteleni le-qBittorrent, vula i-Preferences nge-Cmd+, bese uya ekhasini le-Advanced. I-Network Interface iyinkambu ebalulekile: ibala amagama e-interface esistimu futhi ngokwezizindikiro ise-Any Interface, okusho ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lukhetha indlela yamasokhethi ngamanye avulwa yiklayenti. incwadi yezinketho yephrojekthi ichaza le nkambu naleyo nketho, futhi yisethingi efanayo kuzo zonke izinkundla nakuba amagama angaphakathi engewona afanayo.
Izinto ezimbili ziyadida abantu lapha. Uhlu lubonisa amagama edivayisi afana ne-en0, en1 ne-utun0 kuya ku-utun9, alubonisi igama lomkhiqizo womhlinzeki we-VPN, ngakho udinga ukuhlanganisa ngaphambi kokukhetha into enengqondo. Futhi ukukhetha kusebenza lapho iseshini ye-BitTorrent iqala, hhayi ngesikhathi ucindezela i-OK, ngakho ushintsho olubonakala lulondoloziwe lungase lusasebenza ekubopheni kwakudala.
Vala uhlelo ngendlela efanele nge-Cmd+Q futhi uqinisekise ukuthi inqubo isehambile ngaphambi kokuyivula futhi. Ukuvala iwindi kuyifihla nje, futhi iklayenti elifihliwe ligcina iseshini yalo, imbobo yokulalela kanye ne-interface yakudala.
pgrep -fl qbittorrentThola i-interface i-VPN yakho eyiphethe ngempela
Xhuma i-VPN kuqala ngokuklayenti yomhlinzeki uqobo, bese ufunda umbono wesistimu esikhundleni semenyu yeklayenti. Imiyalo engezansi ibala yonke i-interface namakheli ayo, ibonisa ukuthi iyiphi isistimu eyithatha njengesebenzayo futhi iphrinta ithebula lendlela; ufuna idivayisi ye-utun ethwala ibanga langasese elinikezwa umhlinzeki wakho.
ifconfig -a | grep -A4 '^utun'
scutil --nwi
netstat -rn -f inet | head -n 5Ukufunda okuthathu kukutshela ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi eyithimba. Ingxenye ye-utun idinga ikheli le-inet elingelolwephuli ye-VPN. I-scutil --nwi ibonisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlaka isistimu ezithatha njengezisebenzayo nokuthi iyiphi eyinhloko. I-netstat -rn ibonisa ukuthi indlela yokuhlala ikhomba kuphi, futhi uma leyo ndlela isakhomba ku-en0 ngenkathi i-utun inekheli, ithimba alithwali konke ukuxhumana, okushintsha okuzokwenziwa ukubopha kamuva.
Lapho amathimba amabili engaba khona ngasikhathi sinye, isibonelo iphrofayela yomsebenzi neyomuntu siqu, zombili izinto ze-utun zikhona futhi eyodwa kuphela ewusizo. Izibali zamabhayithi zinquma umbuzo: bhala phansi izibali, layisha ikhasi noma qala ukudlulisela okuncane bese ubona ukuthi iyiphi enyakazile.
netstat -ib | grep utunUngayithathi inombolo njengengaguquki. Ukuxhuma kabusha kunganikeza ithimba elifanayo igama le-utun elihlukile, futhi insizakalo ye-iCloud noma ye-Continuity ingagcina i-utun0 kude ngaphambi kokuxhuma kwe-VPN yakho.
Hlanganisa ukubopha nobubanzi bethimba
Le nkambu ibopha idivayisi, futhi yikho kuphela ekwenzayo. Uma i-VPN iyithimba eliphelele eliqondisa u-0.0.0.0/0 ku-utun, ukubopha kuleyo divayisi kuthumela yonke inxhumano ye-peer nayo yonke isicelo se-tracker nge-VPN. Uma i-VPN iyithimba elihlukanisiwe eliqondisa amasubnethi ambalwa kuphela, ukubopha ku-utun kuthumela ukuxhumana kwe-peer kudivayisi engenandledla yalawo ma-peer, futhi ukudlulisela kuyama esikhundleni sokuvuza. Yomibili imiphumela iphephile kune-Any Interface, kodwa eyodwa kuphela egcina iklayenti lisebenza. Akukho okushintshayo ngaphandle kweklayenti: iziphequluli nezinye izinhlelo zigcina izindlela zazo, ngakho imfuneko ehlanganisa zonke izinhlelo kufanele iphoqelelwe ohlangothini lwe-VPN.
Funda isimo ngaphambi kokukhetha noma yini:
| What you see | What it means for the bind |
|---|---|
| A utun with a provider address and the default route pointing at it | Full tunnel; the bind covers peer and tracker traffic |
| A utun with a provider address but the default route still on en0 | Split tunnel; the bind will stall transfers unless the provider routes 0.0.0.0/0 |
| No utun carrying a provider address | The VPN is down or connects on demand; bring it up before selecting |
| A utun number that changed since the last session | The saved name is stale; reselect and restart |
Umndeni wamakheli nawo ubalulekile. Umhlinzeki onikeza i-IPv4 kuphela ushiya i-interface eboshiwe ingenalo ikheli le-IPv6, ngakho ama-peer e-IPv6 ahluleka esikhundleni sokucashunula nge-Wi-Fi. Ngokwehlukile, ukubopha amasokhethi akuligcini igxathu lokuxazululwa kwamagama: amagama womsingathi we-tracker axazululwa ngesixazululi se-macOS, esilanda ukucushwa kwe-DNS kwesistimu hhayi idivayisi ekhethiwe.
Izindlela ezintathu zokwehluleka kokukhetha okubonakala kulungile
Ukwehluleka kokuqala ukunga qali kabusha. Inkambu ibonisa i-utun4, izintandokazi zibonakala zicushiwe, futhi ukudlulisela kokuhlola kusaphuma nge-Wi-Fi ngoba iseshini esebenzayo igcine ukubopha kwakudala. Vala ngokuphelele, qinisekisa nge-pgrep, vula futhi, bese uqala ukudlulisela futhi.
Okwesibili igama elidala ngemva kokuxhuma kabusha. Lapho idivayisi eboshiwe inyamalala, izinxhumano ze-peer ziyehluleka futhi iklayenti livame ukubika amaphutha e-tracker esikhundleni somyalezo ocacile wokuthi i-interface isehambile, okubonakala njenge-torrent efile. Funda i-ifconfig futhi, khetha igama elisha bese uqala kabusha.
Okwesithathu ukucabanga ukuthi ukubopha kwehluleka ngokuvaliwe. Ukukhetha i-interface kucela isistimu ukuthi inamathisele amasokhethi egameni ledivayisi; okwenzeka lapho lelo gama lingekho noma lisetshenziswa futhi akusiqinisekisi isikrini sezilungiselelo. Ukuhlolwa kokunqamuka esigabeni esilandelayo yikho kuphela ubufakazi obalwayo.
Qinisekisa ngokudlulisela kwangempela nangokunqamuka
Sebenzisa ukudlulisela ovunyelwe ukukusebenzisa, njengesithombe sokukhishwa kwe-Linux, bese ukukala lapho i-VPN ixhunyiwe. Buka izibali ze-interface ngayinye ngaphambi nangemva bese uziqhathanisa nesibali sedatha sekhayenti ye-VPN uqobo; zombili kufanele zikhuphuke ndawonye ngenkathi uhlu lwama-peer lugcwala.
netstat -ib | grep utun
pgrep -fl qbittorrentBese unqamula i-VPN kwi-interface yayo uqobo bese ubuka ukudlulisela. Ama-peer kufanele ahambise, futhi izinxhumano ezintsha kufanele zihluleke ngemva nje kokudilika kwethimba. Uma ijubane liqhubeka, ukubopha akusebenzi futhi ubuyele esinyathelweni sokuqala kabusha, hhayi kudonga lomlilo.
Xhuma futhi bese uhlola igama elikhethiwe futhi, ngoba ithimba lingabuya ngaphansi kwe-utun ehlukile. Inothi elifushane elibhala uhlobo lwethimba, igama le-interface kanye nokuziphatha okulindelekile lapho i-VPN iwa ligcina iseshini elandelayo: lesi sethingi ngesomshini ngamunye nangomhlinzeki ngamunye, futhi asikhoni ukumelana nokuthuthukiswa kweklayenti noma ukushintshwa kohlelo lwe-VPN.