Ukubamba i-APT noma indlela yokuthuthukisa: ukubuyisela iklayenti le-VPN emuva

Qhathanisa ukubamba iphakethe kwesikhashana nokulungiswa okuya phambili ngemuva kokuphindeka kweklayenti le-VPN, kuhlanganise lokho ukubamba okukubopha, lokho okukushaya indiva nendlela yokuphuma kukho.

Izibuyekezo zeklayenti ziphula amathumbu, izinguqulo ezindala ziqhubeka nokusebenza, futhi lokho kushiya amakhambi amabili asobala. Elinye libamba iphakethe lapho likhona futhi lilinde ukulungiswa; elinye liya ngqo ekuhlelweni okusekelwayo. Akuphephile ngokulinganayo, futhi akukho neyodwa okuyisu lokugcina ngaphandle kokuphuma. Qhathanisa ngokuthi kukubopha ini ngempela ngaphambi kokukhetha.

Amakhambi amabili okuhlehla okukodwa

Ukubamba iphakethe kugcina inguqulo esebenzayo ifakiwe futhi kuvimbela i-APT ukuba iyisuse. Kuyathenga isikhathi, kugcina abasebenzisi bexhumekile futhi kushiya iphutha eliyisisekelo lingathintwanga. Ukuya phambili kusho ukuthola ukukhishwa okusekelwayo okulungisa ukuhlehla, noma ukushintsha umnikazi woxhumano ube yinto okusagcinwa ukusabalalisa. Lokhu kubiza umsebenzi omningi ekuqaleni futhi kususa ingozi ehlala njalo.

Ukukhetha kuncike emaqinisweni amathathu okufanele ube nawo ngaphambi kwesinqumo: iyiphi ingxenye ehlehlile, ukuthi ukhona yini ukukhishwa okulungisiwe, nokuthi isimo sesikhashana singabekezelelwa isikhathi esingakanani.

Bopha ukwehluleka ngaphambi kokukhetha noma yikuphi

Isibuyekezo somgogodla we-NetworkManager, isibuyekezo se-plugin ye-VPN kanye nokuhlehla kosizo lokuxazulula kubukeka kufana kusukela esihlalweni somsebenzisi futhi kunabantu abahlukene abangabangwa ukubuyiselwa emuva. Bhala amaphakethe aqondile, izinguqulo kanye nephutha lokuqala elisha.

apt-cache policy network-manager network-manager-openvpn
dpkg -l | grep -E 'network-manager|openvpn|wireguard'

Imethadatha yephakethe ingase iphelelwe yisikhathi uma izinhlu zingakabuyekezwa, ngakho-ke zifunde njengomkhondo futhi uqinisekise ngenuqulo efakiwe ngempela. Ungathathi inguqulo eqondiwe kusuka kokuthunyelwe kwinkundla; intambo efanayo yenguqulo evela kokunye ukukhishwa ingase ithwale isethi ehlukile yokuncika.

Qhathanisa lokho ukubamba okumbozayo

Ukubamba kuvimbela iphakethe ekufakweni, ekuthuthukisweni noma ekususweni ngokuzenzakalela. Kodwa akubophi ukuncika kwalo, akulungisi uxhumano futhi akwenzi i-binary endala iphephe. Leyo geji iyikho konke ukuqhathanisa. Uma ukuhlehla kwavela kulabhulali iklayenti elixhumeke kuyo, ukubamba iklayenti akushintshi lutho ngenkathi ilabhulali iqhubeka nokunyakaza.

sudo apt-get -s install network-manager=1.42.4-1
apt-mark showhold

Qala ngokulingisa ukwehliswa futhi ufunde izinguquko eziphakanyisiwe ngokugcwele. Ukwehliswa okususa ukuncika okudingwa yi-desktop kusigameko esinye, futhi ukulingisa iyindawo eshibhile yokukuthola. Uma ukubamba kungumngcele wesikhashana olungile ngempela, kubhale njengesinqumo esinomnikazi, isizathu kanye nombandela wokususa. Ukubamba okungenaye umnikazi kuba ingqalasizinda ehlala njalo okungekho noyedwa olinga ukuyithinta.

Qhathanisa izindlela zokuphuma

Indlela eya phambili iwukulungiswa okuvela kusabalalisa noma kumthengisi, okusetshenziswa ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa koxhumano oluzimele. Lokho kugcina uhlelo lungaphakathi komfula wokubuyekeza osekelwayo futhi kuvala ukuchayeka. Indlela yokufuduka ishintsha iklayenti noma umphathi ngento esagcinwa ukusabalalisa. Kungumsebenzi omningi futhi ngokuvamile iyimpendulo kuphela eqotho lapho ingxenye ehlehlile ingenayo ukukhishwa okulungisiwe kulelo gatsha.

sudo apt-mark unhold network-manager
sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

Noma yikuphi ukuphuma okukhethayo, qinisekisa iphrofayili eqondile, indlela yokuqinisekisa, imizila, ukuziphatha kwe-DNS kanye nokuxhuma kabusha ngaphambi kokumemezela ukuthi kuphelile. Ithumbu elikhuphuka kanye akufani nelikhuthazela ukumiswa, ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi nokuqalisa kabusha. Gcina ubufakazi bokwehluleka kumbiko wephutha: izinguqulo zamaphakethe, izingcaphuno zejenali, isakhiwo sephrofayili ngaphandle kwezimfihlo. Ungalokothi unamathisele okhiye abayimfihlo noma imininingwane yokugunyaza ukwenza umbiko ugcwele kakhulu.

Okumele kube nakho irekhodi

Bhala isinqumo emigqeni emine: yini ehlehlile, yini eboshiwe noma eshintshiwe, ubani ongumnikazi wesimo sesikhashana nokuthi yini eyisusayo. Engeza ukuqinisekisa okwenzile, ngoba unjiniyela olandelayo uzokukuphinda.

Ukubamba okunosuku lokuphuma kungumngcele wokubuyisela emuva olawulwayo. Ukubamba okungenalo wukwehliswa okungachazwanga osekungenile ngasese ezingxenyeni zengqalasizinda.

Izihloko ezihlobene