I-Android ayikwazi ukuvula amafayela kusabelo samafayela se-VPN

Ucingo luse-VPN, iseva yamafayela iyaphendula ku-ping, kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza lwamafayela lusabika ukuthi alukwazi ukuxhuma, noma luyaxhuma kodwa akekho umhleli kudivaysi ovula lokho okuluswe. Lezo yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene zokwehluleka, futhi akukho nokukodwa okusho ukuthi itheku liphukile. I-VPN inikeza kuphela umzila ongena kunethiwekhi eyimfihlo; ukuphequlula isabelo, ukuzifakazela kuso nokunikeza idokhumenti kwelinye uhlelo lokusebenza kuyizinyathelo ezihlukene ezinendlela ezihlukene zokwehluleka. Ngezansi ukuhleleka engikuhlola ngakho, kanye nephuzu engima kulo esikhundleni sokuqagela.

Hlola insizakalo ngaphambi kokusola itheku

Impendulo ye-ping noma ikhasi lewebhu le-NAS kufakazela kuphela ukuhamba komzila futhi akukho okunye. Insizakalo oyidingayo ngempela, i-SMB ku-445, i-SFTP ku-22 noma i-WebDAV ku-443, ingase icishiwe, ivinjwe i-firewall, noma iboshelwe ku-interface okungeke kufinyelele kuyo isubnet ye-VPN. Kusukela ocingweni, hlola leyo pothi ethile ngeklayenti elibonisa iphutha langempela esikhundleni somlayezo ojwayelekile wenethiwekhi. Uma ipothi lihlungiwe, lungisa insizakalo noma umthetho we-firewall, ngoba alukho uhlelo lokusebenza lwamafayela olungazungeza ipothi elivaliwe.

Futhi hlola ukuthi iyiphi ikheli lomthombo iseva elibonayo. I-split tunnel ekhipha isubnet yesabelo, noma itheku le-app ngayinye elishiya uhlelo lwamafayela ngaphandle kwe-VPN, likhiqiza kahle uphawu lokuthi luxhunyiwe-kodwa-alufinyeleleki.

Phikisana nesinqamuleli sokuvula ukufinyelela kwezivakashi noma i-SMB1 ngoba iklayenti elilodwa alikwazi ukuzifakazela. Lezo zinguquko zikhulisa lokho iseva ekwamukelayo kuyo yonke idivaysi kunethiwekhi, futhi azilungisi lutho uma inkinga eyisisekelo kuwukuhamba komzila noma ukuxazululwa kwamagama. Uma isabelo sidinga i-akhawunti ethile, yisebenzise, kuhlanganise nesandiso sedomaina noma seqembu lokusebenza iseva elisilindele.

Sebenzisa uhlelo lwamafayela olukhuluma ngokwalo iphrothokholi

I-Android ayinayo isiphequluli esakhelwe ngaphakathi sezabelo zenethiwekhi, ngakho uhlelo lokusebenza lweklayenti luyintengo yangempela hhayi imininingwane. Khetha olusebenza iphrothokholi oyisebenzisayo ngempela futhi olusagcinwa, ngoba iklayenti elakhelwe inguqulo ye-Android ongasayisebenzisi lihluleka ngezindlela ezibonakala njengezinkinga zenethiwekhi. Uma ukutholwa kungaweli amasubnet, bhala ngokusobala igama lomsingathi esikhundleni sokulinda ukuthi uhlelo luyithole.

Zama iseva nge-IP kanye ukuhlukanisa i-DNS nokuhamba komzila. Uma i-IP isebenza kodwa igama lingasebenzi, ucingo luxazulula amagama ngeseva ye-DNS engasiboni isifunda sakho esiyimfihlo.

Yazi ukuthi uhlelo olwamukelayo lunikezwa ini: i-URI, hhayi indlela

Uma uhlelo lwakho lwamafayela lusebenza i-DocumentsProvider, i-Storage Access Framework ye-Android ingabonisa okuqukethwe kwayo kusikhethi sesistimu, futhi uhlelo osikhetha kulo luthola i-URI ye-content:// kanye nokunikezwa kwemvume. Lokho kunikezwa akulona indlela yesistimu yamafayela, yingakho umhleli ogcizelela igama lendlale eluhlaza engakwazi ukuvula idokhumenti nakuba isikhethi silulusile. Umhlahlandlela we-Android wokufinyelela amadokhumenti uchaza imodeli: umhlinzeki ungumnikazi wamabhayithi futhi umsebenzisi uwafunda ngesistimu. Izinhlelo ezamukela i-URI ziyasebenza, futhi izinhlelo ezishayela i-open() endleleni azisebenzi. Lesi yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi isabelo sisebenze kuhlelo lwamafayela futhi sihluleke kuyo yonke enye indawo.

Enye indlela ukukopisha ngamabomu: hudulela ifayela esitoreji somhleli uqobo, lihlele, bese ulilayisha emuva. Lokho kuwuhlelo lokusebenza oluhle impela, kodwa kudala ikhophi yesibili nombuzo wokungqubuzana, ngakho nquma ukuthi luphi uhlangothi oluzonqoba ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuhlela esitimeleni.

Inqubomgomo ye-VPN ye-app ngayinye nayo ifanele ibhekwe lapha. Iphakethe elenza ukufundwa kwenethiwekhi ngokuvamile uhlelo lomhlinzeki hhayi umhleli, ngakho faka iphakethe elifanele ethekwini esikhundleni sokwahlulela ngesithonjana osithinte.

Hlola ukufunda, ukubhala nokuhlala kwemvume ngokwehlukana

Uhlu lwedikhishini lufakazela kuphela indlela yokufunda. Sebenzisa ifayela lokuhlola elingenabungozi bese uhamba ukulandelana konke: hluza, vula, hlela, gcina, bese uvula lelo fayela futhi kusukela kuklayenti yedeskithophu.

Qaphela ukuthi imvume ihlala yini ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha. Izimvume zesitoreji zesikhashana ngaphandle uma uhlelo luzithatha unomphela, futhi abanye abahleli bazicela futhi njalo lapho beqala kuyilapho abanye behluleka buthule futhi bakubonise ikhophi endala. Uma ukugcina kubonakala kuphumelele, kuqinisekise ngasohlangothini lweserva ngokubheka isikhathi sokushintshwa noma ngokuvula futhi kusukela komunye umshini. Hlola nokuphazamiseka phakathi nokugcina, ngoba ukuwa kwe-VPN ngesikhathi sokulayisha yisikhathi esisodwa lapho iklayenti ingase ishiye khona ifayela elingaphelele noma ushintsho lwendawo olungasoze luvumelaniswe.

Gcina imvume ye-URI ye-Android yehlukile egunyeni leseva. Ukuvunyelwa ukuvula idokhumenti akusho lutho mayelana ne-akhawunti ye-SMB engemuva kwayo.

Gcina izabelo ezifakiwe ezenzakalweni ezizidingayo

Ukufakwa kwe-CIFS kwezinga le-root namamojula esistimu yamafayela ye-kernel kusekhona, futhi kunikeza uhlelo ngalunye umbono wokukhohlisa wedikhishini lendawo. Futhi kudinga i-root, kuyaphuka lapho kushintshwa i-kernel, futhi kufihla ukwehluleka kwenethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwesendlalelo sesistimu yamafayela lapho kunzima khona ukuxilonga. Ukuhlela amadokhumenti ocingweni, uhlelo lomhlinzeki noma lokukopisha luhlanganisa iningi lalokho abantu abakudingayo ngempela.

Hlola ukuthi ukufakwa kuyasinda yini ekushintsheni kwenethiwekhi ngaphambi kokwakha uhlelo lokusebenza phezu kwako. Isabelo esifakwe kusukela kukhompyutha ephathwayo etafuleni siziphatha ngendlela ehlukile kunocingo olugxuma phakathi kwe-Wi-Fi neselula, futhi ukufakwa okudala kungenza uhlelo lwalengela esikhundleni sokwehluleka ngokuhlanzekile.

Uma usabambekile, hamba ngohlu ngokulandelana futhi ume esinyathelweni sokuqala esihlulekayo: ipothi liyafinyeleleka, iklayenti yephrothokholi ifakiwe, isabelo sifakazelwe, isikhethi sibonisa ifayela, umhleli wamukela i-URI, ukugcina kufinyelela kuseva. Leso sinyathelo sikutshela ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye okufanele uyilungise, futhi akuvamisile ukuthi itheku.