Wace shiga ta kasa: shigar eduroam ko VPN?
Shiga eduroam yana nufin shiga cibiyar sadarwar shiga; shiga VPN wata alaƙa ce daban. Gano wace shiga ta kasa da gaske kafin wani ya canza tashar.
Bayan jimlar «VPN ba ya aiki a eduroam» akwai shiga biyu, kuma ƙungiyoyi daban-daban ne suke kula da su. Shiga eduroam yana kai na'urar zuwa cibiyar sadarwar shiga; shiga VPN yana gina wata alaƙa ta biyu a kan wannan haɗin. Dukan biyun na iya kasancewa ƙarƙashin ma'aikata ɗaya, amma bayanan shiga, bayanin martaba da matakin da abin ke karyewa sun kasance daban. Gano wanne daga cikin biyun ya kasa da gaske kafin wani ya gyara lambar tasha. Duk abin da ke ƙasa an tsara shi ne a kan wannan rarrabuwar guda ɗaya.
Wata jami'a da OpenVPN ya amsa a kan UDP 1194 tarihi ne mai amfani, ba girke-girke ba don na gaba.
Da farko tabbatar da gefen shiga
Kashe ramin kuma buɗe wani shafi na HTTP ko ƙofar kama. Idan ya buɗe, cibiyar sadarwar shiga tana yin aikinta kuma tambayar VPN a buɗe take da gaske. Idan babu abin da ya buɗe, matsalar tana cikin haɗin, asusu ko bayanin shiga. Babu wani canji a VPN da zai taɓa ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan uku.
Jagoran haɗin eduroam yana mai da cibiyar gida tushen asalin mai amfani. Lokacin da mataimakin saiti ya gina bayanin martaba, zaɓin cibiyar da aka ziyarta maimakon ta gida yana haifar da saitin da ba zai iya tabbatarwa ba. Yi amfani da abin da cibiyar gida ke bugawa, ba tarin takaddun shaida daga wani wuri ba.
Kashe dubawar takardar shaida ko tabbatarwa don tsallake shiga yana mai da kuskuren saitin da za a iya gyara ya zama na dindindin. Idan bayanin da aka sanya ya fito daga tushen da ba a amince da shi ba, maye gurbinsa kafin ka bincika wani abu.
Wanene ke da wace matsala
Da zarar shiga ya yi aiki, kowace tambaya da ta rage tana da mai shi ɗaya daidai. Wannan shine dukan rabo:
| Owner | Questions that belong to them |
|---|---|
| VPN operator | Server name, protocol, transport, port, client compatibility, VPN authentication |
| Visited network operator | Which traffic the local arrangement permits, and any observed path problem |
| Device or client administrator | Local policy, client build, server-identity errors |
Layin jigilar bayanai shine inda yawancin yunƙurin da kanka ke yi suke kasa. Abin da uwar garken ke saurare shi an kafa shi a cikin saitinsa, kuma gyara bayanin martabar abokin ciniki ba zai iya canza shi ba, don haka nemi bayanin martaba na yanzu daga ma'aikacin maimakon juya TCP da UDP. Juyawa yana canza hanyar da abokin ciniki ke kasa kawai.
A gefen da aka ziyarta, nasarar tabbatarwa ta eduroam ba ta faɗin komai game da ko wannan hanya tana ɗaukar wani jigilar VPN, kuma ƙarewar lokaci ita kaɗai ba hujja ce ta toshewa ba. Ana yin dukan iƙirarin biyu kullum, kuma kowanne yana buƙatar lura a bayansa.
A gefen na'urar, ƙa'idar tsaro da aka sarrafa, sigar abokin ciniki da ba ta dace ba da kuskuren asalin uwar garke matsaloli ne uku daban. Haɗa su a tikitin guda ɗaya yana jinkirta dukan ukun.
Zaɓi hujja kafin ka'ida
Inda bayanin martaba naka ne don gwadawa kuma ma'aikacin ya amince da shi, kwatance ɗaya tana cin muhawara: shin wannan bayanin martaba ɗaya yana haɗawa daga wata cibiyar sadarwa amintacciya? «I» yana nuni ga hanyar da aka ziyarta, «a'a» yana nuni ga bayanin martaba, uwar garke ko abokin ciniki. Yi wannan gwajin cikin ƙa'idodin da suka shafi asusun, kuma ba za ka taɓa yin ta ta hanyar sanya abokin ciniki da babu wanda ya amince da shi ba.
Idan ma'aikacin ya wallafa wani madadin bayanin martaba da aka amince da shi, yi amfani da shi. Ƙirƙirar mai saurare a sabuwar tasha ko sassauta ƙa'idodin cibiyar sadarwa yana haifar da sakamakon da babu wanda zai iya kare shi daga baya, kuma yana ɓoye ainihin matsalar.
Rubuta sakamakon a cikin siffar da masu shi uku za su iya aiki a kanta, ba siffar da ta fi saurin bugawa ba. Ƙarewar lokaci kawai ba ta faɗin wani abu mai amfani ga ma'aikacin VPN, kuma gazawar tabbatarwa tana faɗin haka kaɗan ga ma'aikacin cibiyar sadarwar da aka ziyarta.
Layin log ɗaya yakan warware shi. TLS Error: TLS key negotiation failed to occur within 60 seconds yana nuni ga hanya ko tashar, yayin da AUTH_FAILED ke nufin an isa ramin kuma an ƙi bayanan shiga.
Rubuta miƙa mulki a layi biyar
Taƙaitaccen miƙa mulki yana ɗaukar abubuwa biyar: wurin da aka ziyarta, lokacin yunƙurin, sigar abokin ciniki da aka amince da ita, uwar garke da jigilar da bayanin martaba ya nuna, da farkon kuskure mai bayani. Ƙara ko shiga ta al'ada ta yi aiki kuma ko an yi kwatancen da aka amince tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa, idan kana da waɗannan biyun. Cire kalmomin sirri, alamun da maɓallan sirri kafin wannan ya bar teburinka.
Idan VPN ya tabbatar sannan wata manhaja ta sirri ta kasa, miƙa wannan sakamakon na baya shi kaɗai. An riga an amsa dukan tambayoyin biyu na farko a lokacin, kuma naɗe su cikin sabon rahoton «har yanzu a karye» yana mayar da kowa zuwa farko.
Layi biyar, masu shi uku, rarrabuwa ɗaya: wannan shine dukan shawarar, kuma yawanci ana warware ta kafin wani ya taɓa lambar tasha.