“Haɗin ya ƙare lokaci” ita ce mafi rashin takamaiman kuskure da abokin ciniki na VPN zai iya bugawa. Yana nufin aiki ɗaya ya rasa ƙayyadadden lokacinsa, kuma kowane mataki daga warware suna zuwa amsar shiga yana da ƙayyadadden lokaci. Abokan ciniki da ke nuna saƙon ƙarshe kawai suna sa matakan su yi kama da juna, don haka mutane suna ƙara lokacin, suna canza tashar jiragen ruwa kuma suna sake shigar da bayanin martaba, a wannan tsari, ba tare da koyan komai ba. Kwatanta matakan ya fi sauri: kowanne yana kasawa a wuri daban, kuma kowace kasawa tana barin wani nau'in shaida daban.

Matakai huɗu, kasawa huɗu daban-daban

Tsarin yana da ƙarfi ko da abokin ciniki ya ɓoye shi: dole ne a warware sunan, dole ne a kafa jigila zuwa adireshin da ya fito, dole ne ka'idar ta tattauna sigoginta da maɓallanta, kuma dole ne a tabbatar da asusu. Jagorar OpenVPN don magance matsalolin haɗi tana bin wannan tsari don abokin cinikinta, sauran kuma suna binsa sosai. Lokacin ƙarewa a mataki na biyu da na huɗu ba su da wani abu gama gari sai kalmar da ke kan allo.

StageLooks likeWhat it does not prove
Name resolutionfails in under a second, before any contactnothing about the server being up
Transportwaits the full timeout, then gives upnothing about the VPN service behind the port
Negotiationconnects, then stalls at handshakenothing about credentials
Logina reply arrives and is rejected or hangs on a promptnothing about reachability

Karanta log ɗin don layin ƙarshe da ke nuna ci gaba, ba layin ƙarshe kafin kuskuren ba. Yawancin abokan ciniki suna buga wani abu kamar adireshin da aka warware, soket da aka kafa, handshake da ya fara, ko buƙatar tabbatarwa, kuma matakin da ya bi wannan layin shine wanda ya ƙare lokaci.

Warware suna yana kasawa kafin a tuntuɓi komai

Idan ba a taɓa warware ƙarshen wuri ba, abokin ciniki ba shi da abin da zai haɗa da shi kuma babu aikin jigila da ya faru. Wannan kasawar yawanci take nan take maimakon cikakken ƙarewar lokaci, wanda shine hanya mafi arha don bambanta ta da sauran. Gwada sunan da mai warwarewar tsarin da wani mai warwarewa na biyu, kuma kwatanta amsoshi biyu kafin ka yanke shawarar cewa uwar garken ya faɗi.

Tsohon adireshin da aka kwafa daga rubutun forum shine sanadin gama gari na ƙarewar lokaci da ke kama da matsalar uwar garke, domin adireshin yanzu na wani abu ne ko na komai. Yi amfani da bayanin martabar mai aiki na yanzu maimakon maye gurbin adireshin da ya taɓa aiki. Rashin amsar ping ba shaida ba ce a kowane gefe: yawancin ƙarshen wurare suna watsar da ICMP yayin da suke hidima sosai.

Saitin jigila yana jira fakitin da ba zai zo ba

Lokacin da DNS yana da kyau kuma abokin ciniki har yanzu yana ƙone duk lokacin, matakin jigila shine wanda ake zargi. A kan TCP zaka iya gwada tashar kai tsaye; Test-NetConnection a Windows ko nc -vz a Linux yana gaya maka ko wani abu yana karɓar haɗin, kuma wannan ya fi ping amfani. A kan UDP ba za ka iya gwadawa haka ba, domin babu handshake da za a kammala a wannan matakin, kuma wannan rashin daidaito yana haifar da yawancin yanke shawara marasa kyau.

Abin da gwajin TCP ke tabbatarwa yana da iyaka: sabis ɗin da ke karɓar tashar 443 ba lalle shine mai sauraron VPN ba, kuma ƙarshen wurin UDP kawai ba shi da tashar TCP don karɓar komai. Sake rubuta bayanin martaba daga UDP zuwa TCP ba ya ƙirƙirar mai sauraro a wancan gefen; yana canza abin da abokin cinikinka yake jira kawai. Idan cibiyar sadarwa tana tace ka'idar, canjin yana haifar da wani ƙarewar lokaci a wannan matakin.

Ƙofofin kamun bayi sun cancanci nasu binciken a wannan matakin. Har sai ƙofar ta ba da izini ga na'urar, ficewar zirga-zirga tana zuwa ƙofar kuma ƙoƙarin rami yana rataye kawai. Kammala ƙofar a cikin burauza da farko, sannan sake gwadawa, kuma kada ka canza bayanin martaba yayin da ƙofar tana jira.

Tattaunawa da shiga suna nufin uwar garken ya amsa

Da zarar ramin ya isa uwar garken, abokin ciniki yana fara handshake kuma yanayin kuskuren ya canza. Tsayawa a nan game da dacewa ne ba isa ba: sigogin ka'ida marasa daidaituwa, saitin sirri ko tashar bayanai da wancan gefen ba zai karɓa ba, ko bayanin martaba da ke tsammanin fasalin da uwar garken ba ta bayar ba. OpenVPN ya motsa tsoffin saitunan tattaunawarsa tsakanin manyan sigogi sau da yawa har bayanin martabar da aka rubuta don ƙarni ɗaya zai iya isa uwar garken kuma har yanzu ya kasa tashi.

Tabbatarwa ita ce mataki na ƙarshe kuma mafi sauƙin karantawa ba daidai ba. Ƙin bayyananne amsa ce, wanda ke nufin hanyar tana aiki kuma matsalar ita ce asali, takardar shaida ko yanayin asusu. Gudanarwar shiga guda ɗaya ta burauza ita ce hali na uku: abokin ciniki yana jiran aikin da ba ka yi ba, ko burauzar da ba zai iya buɗewa ba, kuma babu abin da zai zo har sai ka kammala wannan matakin.

Kwatanta shaidar kafin ka canza sake gwadawa

Riƙe na'urar da bayanin martaba a tsaye kuma canza abu ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya, farawa da cibiyar sadarwa. Idan wannan bayanin martaba yana haɗawa ta hotspot ɗin waya kuma yana ƙarewa a Wi-Fi na otal, canji shine hanyar ba uwar garke ba. Idan yana kasawa a ko'ina, canjin shine bayanin martaba ko ƙarshen wuri. Idan yana kasawa a wani lokaci na rana kawai, riƙe tambarin lokaci kuma kwatanta shi da abubuwan da suka faru a gefen uwar garke kafin ka ɗauka wani abu game da nauyi.

Ga sabis ɗin da kake gudanarwa, kwatancen da ya fi muhimmanci shine ko ƙoƙarin yana isowa kwata-kwata. Haɗin da ya isa mai sauraro sannan ya tsaya yana cikin matakin tattaunawa; wanda ba ya taɓa bayyana a ganin mai sauraro shine matsalar jigila ko warwarewa, kuma babu adadin daidaita sake gwadawa da zai motsa shi. Log ɗin uwar garke kuma suna raba shigar da aka ƙi da faɗuwa cikin shiru, wanda shine bambanci tsakanin gyaran asali da gyaran katangar wuta.

Rubuta sigar abokin ciniki, sunan bayanin martaba, lokacin ƙoƙari tare da yankin lokacinsa da farkon kuskure mai amfani maimakon layin cirewa na ƙarshe. Cire maɓallai da kayan da ke ɗauke da takaddun shaida kafin ka raba ɓangaren. Sannan yi gyaran ma'ana ɗaya kuma sake gwadawa, domin dogon lokaci yana taimaka wa aikin jinkirin da aka rubuta kawai, kuma ba ya yin komai ga adireshin da ba daidai ba ko tashar da aka toshe.

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