Yanayin pseudowire da na'urorin ƙidayar zirga-zirga: wanne ne ke tabbatar da isarwa
Matsayin aiki yana cewa an saita sabis ɗin kuma yana aiki; na'urorin ƙidaya suna cewa firam ɗin sun motsa. Haɗa duka biyu a kan index ɗin VC kuma duba alkibla, katsewa da goyon bayan MIB.
Pseudowire da ke ba da rahoton cewa yana aiki yana gaya maka cewa sabis ɗin yana nan kuma duka alƙibloli biyu sun yarda cewa ya kamata ya ɗauki zirga-zirga. Ba ya gaya maka cewa ko firam ɗaya na abokin ciniki ya taɓa ratsa shi ba. An rubuta abubuwan yanayi da abubuwan ƙidaya don dalilai daban-daban, kuma ɗaukar ɗaya a matsayin hujjar ɗayan shi ne inda yawancin waɗannan allunan suke kuskure. Kwatanta su shi ne aikin, domin dogaro da ɗaya kawai yana amsa tambayar da babu wanda ya yi.
Yanayi da na'urorin ƙidaya suna amsa tambayoyi daban-daban
Babban shigarwar VC yana ɗauke da haɗaɗɗen matsayin aiki, kuma wannan matsayi yana aiki ne kawai lokacin da duka matsayan alkibla biyu suke aiki. Duk abin da ke bayansa ilimin matakin sarrafawa ne da daidaitawa: da'irar haɗi ta gida, abokin gaba, sigina. Layi a cikin wannan yanayi magana ce game da niyya da shirye-shirye, ba game da firam ɗin da aka tura ba.
Zirga-zirga yana zaune a wani tebur daban na manyan na'urorin ƙidaya na fakiti da baiti, kuma waɗannan layukan suna ɗauke da index ɗin VC ɗaya. Girma a can hujja ce cewa firam ɗin sun ratsa wannan layin musamman a cikin tazarar da ka auna. Na'urar ƙidaya da ba ta canza tana da ruɗani ita kaɗai. Sabis marar aiki, mai tattarawa da ke karanta layin da ba daidai ba da kuma hanyar da ta karye shiru duk suna samar da layin miƙaƙƙen guda ɗaya.
| Question | Object | What it can establish |
|---|---|---|
| Is the service up? | cpwVcOperStatus | Both direction states agree the VC should carry traffic. |
| Which side is down? | cpwVcInboundOperStatus, cpwVcOutboundOperStatus | Direction of the reported fault. |
| Did frames move? | cpwVcPerfTotalTable HC counters | Observed forwarding on that row between two polls. |
| Is the interval clean? | cpwVcPerfTotalDiscontinuityTime | Whether the counter was reset inside the window. |
Karanta tebur ɗin a matsayin ginshiƙai biyu na hujja, ba matsayin tsani ɗaya na tsanani ba. Kasancewa aiki da miƙaƙƙun na'urorin ƙidaya ba mummunan sigar aiki da girma ba ne, wata duba ce ta daban da mataki na gaba na daban.
Haɗa a kan index ɗin VC, ba a kan lambar da ke cikin tikitin ba
Ana yin index ɗin tebur ɗin VC da cikakkiyar lamba ɗaya, kuma VC ID, adireshin abokin gaba, nau'in sabis da suna siffofi ne na wannan layin. Da waɗannan siffofi kuke samun sabis ɗinku; index ɗin shi ne abin da kuke ci gaba da samun sa da shi bayan binciken farko. Index ɗin mu'amala, sunan da'ira da aka nuna ko alamar MPLS ba su ne wannan index ɗin ba ko da lambobin sun yi daidai.
Fito da OID ɗin lambobi daga fayil ɗin MIB da ke kan mai tattarawa maimakon daga rubutun blog, sannan yi tafiya cikin tebur ɗin sau ɗaya ka adana asalin da ka samu.
snmptranslate -On CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcIndex
snmptranslate -On CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcPerfTotalDiscontinuityTime
snmpwalk -v2c -c monitor 10.60.4.21 -On CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcTableYi rikodin adireshin gudanarwa da index ɗin tare a cikin tsarin sa ido. Sake tanadi na iya motsa sabis zuwa wani layi, sannan mai tattarawa da ya haɗa da suna zuwa VC ID zai ci gaba da zana tsohon index wanda har yanzu yana amsawa cikin ladabi.
Alkibla tana nufin pseudowire, ba mai biyan kuɗi ba
Na'urorin ƙidaya masu shigowa suna bayanin abin da VC ya karɓa daga cibiyar sadarwar da ake sauya fakiti; na'urorin ƙidaya masu fita suna bayanin abin da ya tura zuwa wannan cibiyar. A kan PE da ke fuskantar abokin ciniki, wannan galibi yana nufin saukewa da ɗagawa a wani tsari. A kan babban PE, ko a kan PE da ke da abokin gaba a cikin tsakiya, waɗannan sunayen abubuwa ɗaya suna bayanin ƙwarewar abokin ciniki kishiyar.
Rubuta taswirar sau ɗaya ga kowane rawar na'ura ka riƙe ta a cikin alamar allon. Zanen da aka yi wa taken ɗagawa na abokin ciniki wanda a zahiri ke zana zirga-zirga zuwa tsakiya zai tsira daga bita kuma a hankali ya ɓatar da duk wanda ke amfani da shi don shawarwarin iya aiki. Irin wannan haɗarin ya shafi faɗakarwar da aka gina a kan waɗannan zane-zane, domin za su kira ƙungiyar da ba daidai ba. Yi wa kowane zane alama da alkiblar tafiya dangane da pseudowire, kuma bar taswirar abokin ciniki ta rayu a cikin kwamitin da yake buƙata.
Gwaji ɗaya ya fi duk wani adadin karanta bayanin abubuwa: ja wani fayil sananne ta cikin sabis ɗin, nan da nan bayan haka bincika duka alkibloli biyu, ka ga wace na'urar ƙidaya ta motsa. Yi rikodin sakamakon kusa da rawar na'urar, domin na gaba zai yi wannan tambayar.
Ƙimar yawan gudu tana aiki ne kawai a cikin tagar katsewa ɗaya
Yi lissafin yawan gudu a matsayin ƙarar na'urar ƙidaya baiti da aka raba da sakan da suka wuce, sannan ka ninka da takwas don bit a cikin daƙiƙa. Ɗauki tazarar a matsayin marar aiki idan na'urar ƙidaya ta ragu, wakili ya sake farawa, layin ya canza ko abin katsewa ya motsa. Ana bayyana wannan abin dangane da lokacin aiki na tsarin, don haka sake farawa na'ura yana lalata shi ma. Yi watsi da samfurin ka buɗe sabuwar taga maimakon zana wani kololuwa.
Ɗauki samfurori biyu da tazara sananna kuma riƙe tambarin lokaci daga mai tattarawa, ba daga tarihin tashar ka ba.
snmpget -v2c -c monitor -Oqv 10.60.4.21 CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcPerfTotalInHCBytes.7
sleep 60
snmpget -v2c -c monitor -Oqv 10.60.4.21 CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcPerfTotalInHCBytes.7
snmpget -v2c -c monitor -Oqv 10.60.4.21 CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcPerfTotalDiscontinuityTime.7Manyan na'urorin ƙidaya suna sa juyawa ya zama ba matsala a kan pseudowire ɗaya, don haka raguwa kusan koyaushe yana nufin sake saiti, wakili da aka maye, ko wani layi maimakon ambaliyar lissafi. Shi ya sa umarni na uku yake da muhimmanci kamar biyun farko.
Duba abin da bugu da aka girka yake goyon baya da gaske
Ma'anar MIB ƙayyadaddiyar ƙa'ida ce, ba alkawari game da hotonka ba. Tebura na iya ɓacewa, a aiwatar da su gaba ɗaya, ko su kasance amma ba a cika su ba har sai an kunna wani fasali, kuma dandamali ɗaya na iya bambanta tsakanin bugu. ma'anar CISCO-IETF-PW-MIB tana ba ka sunayen abubuwa; na'urar tana gaya maka ko suna amsawa.
Bincika duka teburori da igiyar firmware a cikin mataki ɗaya, sannan kwatanta da abin da bayanin bugu ya yi da'awa.
snmpget -v2c -c monitor -Oqv 10.60.4.21 SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0
snmpwalk -v2c -c monitor 10.60.4.21 CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcTable | wc -l
snmpwalk -v2c -c monitor 10.60.4.21 CPW-VC-MIB::cpwVcPerfTotalTable | wc -lTafiya marar komai da tafiya da ba a goyon bayanta abubuwa ne daban-daban, don haka karanta kuskuren ba adadin layukan kawai ba. Idan tebur ɗin yanayi ya amsa amma tebur ɗin aiki bai amsa ba, haɗin da ka tsara a sashe na farko ba shi da inda zai sauka, kuma gyaran canjin mai tattarawa ne ba canjin da'ira ba.
Jerin don da'irar da ake jayayya gajere ne: tabbatar da asalin layin daga index ɗin, tabbatar da taswirar alkibla da canja wuri sananne ɗaya, yi lissafin yawan gudu kawai a cikin tsabtataccen tagar katsewa, kuma tabbatar cewa duka teburori biyu suna amsawa a wannan bugu. Kowace mataki tana kawar da bayani ɗaya mai yiwuwa. Lokacin da duka huɗu suka tabbata amma na'urorin ƙidaya ba su motsa ba, hujjoji suna nuni daga pseudowire. A nan ne kama fakiti a da'irar haɗi ke samun cancantar sa.